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Encyclopedia > Ancient Church of the East
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Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      The term... Jesus Christ in a Coptic icon The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria (Coptic: , literally: the Egyptian Orthodox Church of Alexandria) is the official name for the largest Christian church in Egypt. ... Official standard of Karekin II Catholicos of Armenia The Armenian Apostolic Church (Armenian: Õ€Õ¡Õµ Ô±Õ¼Õ¡Ö„Õ¥Õ¬Õ¡Õ¯Õ¡Õ¶ Եկեղեցի, Hay Arakelagan Yegeghetzi), sometimes called the Armenian Orthodox Church or the Gregorian Church, is the worlds oldest national church[1] [2] and one of the most ancient Christian communities [3]. // Baptism of Tiridates III. The earliest... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      Syriac Christianity is a culturally and... Ethiopian Church in jerusalem The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (in transliterated Amharic:Yäityopya ortodoks täwahedo bétäkrestyan) is an Oriental Orthodox church in Ethiopia that was part of the Coptic Orthodox Church until 1959, when it was granted its own Patriarch by Coptic Orthodox Pope of... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Assyrian Church of the East... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Relation to other religions Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      The... The Eastern Catholic Churches are autonomous particular Churches in full communion with the Pope of Rome. ...

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Essence-Energies distinction
The Holy Spirit, from the Christian viewpoint, while related to Gods will, is not Gods will personified. ... Hesychasm (Greek hesychasmos, from hesychia, stillness, rest, quiet, silence) is an eremitic tradition of prayer in the Eastern Orthodox Church, and some other Eastern Churches of the Byzantine Rite, practised (Gk: hesychazo: to keep stillness) by the Hesychast (Gr. ... Look up icon in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Negative theology - also known as the Via Negativa (Latin for Negative Way) and Apophatic theology - is a theology that attempts to describe God by negation, to speak of God only in terms of what may not be said about God. ... In Christian theology the filioque clause or filioque controversy (filioque meaning and [from] the son in Latin) is a heavily disputed addition to the Nicene Creed, that forms a divisive difference in particular between the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions. ... Miaphysitism (sometimes called henophysitism) is the christology of the Oriental Orthodox Churches. ... Monophysitism (from the Greek monos meaning one, alone and physis meaning nature) is the christological position that Christ has only one nature, as opposed to the Chalcedonian position which holds that Christ has two natures, one divine and one human. ... Nestorianism is the doctrine that Jesus exists as two persons, the man Jesus and the divine Son of God, or Logos, rather than as a unified person. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      In Eastern Orthodox and... Theoria is contemplation or perception of beauty, esp. ... Phronema is a Greek term that is used in Eastern Orthodox theology to refer to mindset or outlook; it is the Orthodox mind. ... The Philokalia (Gk. ... Praxis is the customary use of knowledge or skills, distinct from theoretical knowledge. ... Theotokos of Kazan Theotokos (Greek: , translit. ... In Christianity, the Greek word hypostasis [1] is usually translated into Latin as natura and then into English as nature, although the specific Greek word for nature and substance is physis. ... This article or section contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... The Energies of God are a central principle of theology in the Eastern Orthodox Church, understood by the orthodox Fathers of the Church, and most famously formulated by Gregory Palamas, against charges of heresy brought by Barlaam of Calabria. ...

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The Ancient Church of the East is an offshoot of the Assyrian Church of the East; it was formed in resistance to certain reforms and separated due to the question of hereditary succession of bishops and calendar changes in 1964. In 1968 the group elected a patriarch in opposition to Mar Shimun XXIII, Mar Thoma Darmo, who had been based in Trichur before moving to Baghdad. Today this church is an Assyrian tribal church with most, if not all, of its members from the Lower Tyari tribe. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Assyrian Church of the East... Also Nintendo emulator: 1964 (emulator). ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mar Thoma Darmo, a native of Mesopotamiam was Metropolitan of the Church of the East in India from 1952 to 1968, based at Trichur. ... For the district with the same name, see Thrissur district. ... Baghdad (Arabic: ) is the capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate. ...


Givarghis Addai, 1 August 1950, (although some sources say 1946 or 1948) is the Patriarch of the Ancient Church of the East and resides in Baghdad, Iraq. (See St Zaia Cathedral website, Sydney, Australia). He was elected to the position in February 1970, several months after the death of Mar Thoma Darmo, and was consecrated 20 February 1972. His Holiness Mar Addai II (born Givarghis, 1 August 1950, although to some sources cite 1946 or 1948) is the Patriarch of the Ancient Church of the East and resides in Baghdad, Iraq. ...


A theological disagreement also resulted in 1994 when Dinka IV, successor to Shimun XXIII (1975) signed a doctrinal agreement with Pope John Paul II which in effect said there is no real difference between the Assyrian Church and the Roman Catholic Church in the matter of the Incarnation of God the Son, the Second Person of the Blessed Trinity. The difference is that the Assyrian Church historically recognizes a human personal nature in Christ that is united to the divine personal nature of the Logos (Word or Son of God); whereas the Roman Catholic Church holds that the human and divine natures of Christ are, the one personal (divine) and the other impersonal (human), and are personally united (so that the human nature is personalized by union with the divine personal nature of the Word), but that the two natures remain unconfounded (unmixed or not compounded), in the Incarnation. This explains why the Assyrian Church calls St Mary "the mother of Christ", (i. e. the mother of divine-human person of God the Word-Creature ensouled in a human body); whereas the Roman Catholic Church calls St Mary "the mother of God" (i. e. the divine person of God the Word ensouled in a human body). The Assyrian Church concurs that the two natures are not confounded, nor mixed, nor compounded in the personal union of the Incarnation.


To Christians who adopted the decisions of the Council of Ephesus in A.D. 431 (Catholic, Orthodox and most Protestants) "Nestorians" seem to be saying that there are two persons in Christ or that Christ is being divided in two persons, divine and and human, although this is not what Assyrians believe. To Assyrians it seems that the others believe in a Christ whose humanity has been subsumed by divinity as if God is simply cloaked in human bodily form, which is not what their opponents mean. Assyrians believe in a personal union of the divine and human to form One Person, while the Chalcedonians believe in an esential union of two natures to produce One Person, both divine and human.


In the Roman view, Mary is the mother of a Person who is both divine and human and so can be properly called Theotokos, God-bearer, although she is not the source of Jesus's divinity. She is the mother of the incanate Logos: Theotokos. In the Assyrian (Nestorian) view Mary is the source only of the humanity of Jesus which was united personally to the divine, but not in essence and Mary is therefore, simply a holy woman who did the will of God, when called upon to do so. She is the mother of the Incarnate Christ: Christotokos. Both Roman Catholics and Assyrian Christians honor (venerate) Mary, but Rome also makes her the human personality in the Redemption (thus she is held to be sinless), to which beliefs the Assyrians do not subscribe.


A mother is the mother of a person, and the usage of terminology with regard to the Virgin Mary is based on a divergent understanding of the One Person of Christ: mother of a divine person of two united natures at conception, or a divine-human person. The importance attached to this is whether Christ suffered and died as a true human-divine being, or a divine being who was able to suffer and die by being united to a human body and human brain. Both churches agree that the atonement made by Christ on the cross has to be that of God Who is infinite, also being capable of suffering and dying as every human being eventually suffers and dies. The understanding of who this Person is in nature and essence is the cause of the difference between the teaching of the two churches.


Dinka IV has (in the view of Addai II and his flock) not only changed discipline without the concurrence of the whole Assyrian church, but also tampered with solemn doctrinal decisions made more than 15 centuries ago. Shimun XXIII wanted to change the calendar in 1964 and end the uncle-to-nephew system of patriarchal succession. The change in calendar led to the schism with Mar Thoma Darmo (1968), but now there is also a doctrinal disagreement, at least in written ecumenical statements signed by the hierarchy of the Assyrian church under Dinka IV. The Ancient Church of the East has so far not endorsed any such ecumenical statements, and it appears unlikely that they will do so in the foreseeable future.


Note: These three paragraphs are simple statements of fact as to the differences between the different churches involved. No attempt is being made to say who is right and who is wrong.


References

  • Mar Aprem Mooken, The Assyrian Church of the East in the Twentieth Century. Mōrān ’Eth’ō, 18. (Kottayam: St. Ephrem Ecumenical Research Institute, 2003).
  • Bishop James Hess, Nestorian Apostolic Bishop, "Bishops at Large", by Bishop Alan Bain published in the UK. 1985
  • Most Rev James H Hess, "A Directory of Autocephalous Bishops" by Bishop Karl Pruter, St Willibrord Press, USA, 1985
  • Rev George Badger (Anglican priest and protege of the Archbishop of Canterbury), "Nestorians and Their Rituals", published by Oxford University circa 1860.

See also

Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Assyrian Church of the East... These are the only peoples in this region that were fully and originally Semitic. ... // Headline text This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... His Holiness Mar Addai II (born Mar Givarghis, 1 August 1950, although to some sources cite 1946 or 1948) is the Patriarch of the Ancient Church of the East and resides in Baghdad, Iraq. ...

External links

v • d • e
- ܣܘܖ̈ܝܝܐ
Syriac Christianity
Churches Ancient Church of the East · Assyrian Church of the East · Assyrian Evangelical Church · Chaldean Catholic · Maronite Church · Syriac Catholic · Syriac Orthodox 16th c. icon of the Virgin Mary from Sinai
Subgroups Assyrian people · Chaldeans · Nestorians · Syriacs · Naming dispute
Neo-Aramaic dialects Assyrian Neo-Aramaic · Bohtan Neo-Aramaic · Chaldean Neo-Aramaic · Hértevin · Koy Sanjaq Surat · Garshuni · Mlahsô · Senaya · Turoyo

  Results from FactBites:
 
Assyrian Church of the East - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2169 words)
The Assyrian Church was split from the western churches as a result of the Nestorian schism in 431, but the theology of the Assyrian church cannot be defined as Nestorianism.
Bishops from the Church of the East were sent from Mesopotamia to India until the Sixteenth Century, but ecclesio-political considerations related to Portuguese missions meant that for the next few centuries bishops for India were ordained only with authorization from Rome, or from the Chaldean Catholic Church (a particular church in communion with Rome).
Churches : Antiochian Orthodox Church · Assyrian Church of the East · Chaldean Catholic Church · Maronite Catholic Church · Melkite Greek Catholic Church · Syriac Catholic Church · Syriac Orthodox Church
Eastern Rite - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2334 words)
The Eastern Catholic Churches are in full communion of faith and of acceptance of authority with the see of Rome, but retain their distinctive liturgical rites, laws and customs, and traditional devotions.
Now they are relatively few in numbers and are divided into three Churches, of which the Chaldaean Church, which is in communion with Rome, is the most numerous, while the others have recently split between the Assyrian Church of the East and the Ancient Church of the East.
Byzantine Church of the Eparchy of Križevci (an eparchy and an apostolic exarchate): Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro
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