Vedic measures were first used by the Indian Vedic civilization, and are still in use today – primarily for religious purposes in Hinduism and Jainism. They also are employed in the teachings of Surat Shabda Yoga. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Vedic civilization is the Indo-Aryan culture associated with the Vedas, the earliest known records of Indian history. ... Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the Hindu religion; for other meanings of the word, see Hindu (disambiguation). ... Jump to: navigation, search This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Surat Shabd Yoga or Surat Shabda Yoga is a form of spiritual practice that is followed in the Sant Mat and many other related spiritual traditions. ...

Time

The Hindu metrics of time (Kaala Vyavahara) can be summarized as below.

Sidereal metrics

• a paramanu is the normal interval of blinking in humans, or approximately 4 seconds
• a vighati is 6 paramaanus, or approximately 24 seconds
• a ghati is 60 vighatis, or approximately 24 minutes
• a muhurta is equal to 2 ghatis, or approximately 48 minutes
• a nakshatra ahoratram or sidereal day is exactly equal to 30 muhurtas (Note: A day is considered to begin and end at sunrise, not midnight.)

With regards to time, an interval is the duration between two events or occurrences of similar events. ... This article refers to the sight organ. ... The second (symbol s) is a unit for time, and one of seven SI base units. ... In certain sects of Hinduism, Muhurta is the selection of an auspicious date and time for performing a work. ... This article contains information that has not been verified. ... On a prograde planet like the Earth, the sidereal day is shorter than the solar day. ... Sunrise over the sea Sunrise, also called sunup in some American English dialects, is the time at which the first part of the Sun appears above the horizon in the east. ... See also Midnight (1934 film) and Midnight (1939 film) Midnight, literally the middle of the night, was a time arbitrarily designated to determine the end of a day and the beginning of the next in some, mainly Western, cultures. ...

Small units of time used in the vedas

• A leekshaka is 1/60th of a pranamu, or 1/15th of a second;
• a lava is 1/60th of a leekshakamu, or 1/900th of a second;
• a renu is 1/60th of a lavamu, or 1/54,000th of a second;
• a truti is 1/60th of a renuvu, or the time it takes for a needle to penetrate a lotus leaf, or 1/3,240,000th of a second.

The word needle has several meanings: // Sewing Needles used for sewing In sewing, a needle is a long, slender, object with a pointed tip, usually made of metal. ... Binomial name Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. ... Jump to: navigation, search In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. ...

Lunar metrics

• a Tithi (also spelled thithi) or lunar day is defined as the time it takes for the longitudinal angle between the moon and the sun to increase by 12°. Tithis begin at varying times of day and vary in duration from approximately 19 to approximately 26 hours.
• a paksa or lunar fortnight consists of 15 Tithis
• a masa or lunar month (approximately 29.5 days) is divided into 2 pakshas: the one between new moon and full moon is called gaura (bright) or shukla paksha; the one between full moon and new moon krishna (dark) paksha
• 2 lunar months are 1 Ruthu
• 3 Rithus are 1 Aayanam
• 2 Aayanas are 1 year

In vedic timekeeping, a tithi (also spelled thithi) is a lunar day, or the time it takes for the longitudinal angle between the moon and the sun to increase by 12°. Tithis begin at varying times of day and vary in duration from approximately 19 to approximately 26 hours. ... In space exploration, a lunar day is the period of time it takes for the Moon to complete one full rotation on its axis. ... Jump to: navigation, search Map of Earth showing curved lines of longitude Longitude, sometimes denoted by the Greek letter λ, describes the location of a place on Earth east or west of a north-south line called the Prime Meridian. ... This article is about angles in geometry. ... Crust composition Oxygen 43% Silicon 21% Aluminium 10% Calcium 9% Iron 9% Magnesium 5% Titanium 2% Nickel 0. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Sun is the star at the centre of our Solar system. ... A degree (in full, a degree of arc), usually symbolized °, is a measurement of plane angle, representing 1／360 of a full rotation. ... The hour (symbol: h) is a unit of time. ... Masa, or masa nixtamalera, is a fine maize dough made from masa harina, ground hominy flour. ... Jump to: navigation, search In lunar calendars, a lunar month is the time between two successive similar syzygies (new moons or full moons). ... Traditionally, the lunar phase new moon begins with the first visible crescent of the Moon, after conjunction with the Sun. ... The Galileo spacecraft took this composite image on 7 December 1992 on its way to explore the Jupiter system in 1995-97. ... There are six ritus (also transliterated rutu) or Indian seasons in the Hindu calendar. ... A year is the time between two recurrences of an event related to the orbit of the Earth around the Sun. ...

Tropical metrics

• a yaama is 7½ Ghatis
• 8 yaamas 1 half of the day(either day or night)
• an ahoratram is a tropical day (Note: A day is considered to begin and end at sunrise, not midnight.)

Sunrise over the sea Sunrise, also called sunup in some American English dialects, is the time at which the first part of the Sun appears above the horizon in the east. ... See also Midnight (1934 film) and Midnight (1939 film) Midnight, literally the middle of the night, was a time arbitrarily designated to determine the end of a day and the beginning of the next in some, mainly Western, cultures. ...

Yugas

Years are grouped into yugas (ages): This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

• One cycle of the above four yugas is one mahayuga (4.32 million solar years)
• A manvantara consists of 71 mahayugas (306,720,000 solar years)
• After each manvantara follows one Sandhi Kala of the same duration as a Krita Yuga (1,728,000 = 4x solar years). (It is said that during a Sandhi Kala, the entire earth is submerged in water.)
• A kalpa consists of a period of 1,728,000 solar years called Adi Sandhi, followed by 14 manvantaras and Sandhi Kalas.

• A day of Brahma equals

(14 times 71 mahayugas) + (15 times 4x solar years) A tropical year is the length of time that the Sun, as viewed from the Earth, takes to return to the same position along the ecliptic (its path among the stars on the celestial sphere). ... Jump to: navigation, search The Satya Yuga, also called Sat Yuga, Krta Yuga and Krita Yuga in Hinduism, is the Yuga (Age or Era) of Truth, when humankind is governed by gods, and every manifestation or work is close to the purest ideal and mankind will allow intrinsic goodness to... The Treta Yuga is the second Yuga in the four yugas. ... Jump to: navigation, search Dwapar Yuga is the third out of four yugas, or ages, in the religion of Hinduism. ... Kali Yuga is also the title of a book by Roland Charles Wagner. ... A tropical year is the length of time that the Sun, as viewed from the Earth, takes to return to the same position along the ecliptic (its path among the stars on the celestial sphere). ...

= 994 mahayugas + (60 x solar years)

= 994 mahayugas + (6 times 10 x ) solar years

= 994 mahayugas + 6 mahayugas

= 1000 mahayugas

as is confirmed by the Gita statement "sahasra-yuga paryantam ahar-yad brahmano viduH", meaning, a day of brahma is of 1000 (maha-)yugas.

Thus a day of Brahma is of duration: 4.32 billion solar years.

Two kalpas constitute a day and night of Brahma; the life cycle of Brahma is one hundred years of Brahma, or 311 trillion years. We are currently in the 51st year of the present Brahma and so about 155 trillion years have elapsed since He took over as Brahma. This article concerns the Hindu creator god, Brahma. ...

The current Kali Yuga (Iron Age) began at midnight 17 February / 18 February in 3102 BC in the proleptic Julian calendar. Jump to: navigation, search February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... (33rd century BC - 32nd century BC - 31st century BC - other centuries) (5th millennium BC - 4th millennium BC - 3rd millennium BC) Events Ancient Egypt: Earliest known Egyptian hieroglyphs, beginning of the Early Dynastic Period. ... The proleptic Julian calendar is produced by extending the Julian calendar to dates preceding its official introduction in 45 BC. Historians since Bede have traditionally represented the years preceding AD 1 as 1 BC, 2 BC, etc. ...

See also

• Hindu calendar
• Jyotish