 Illustration depicting A.E. van Braam Houckgeest as he assists in the Titsingh embassy to the Qianlong Emperor's Court -- 1795 Andreas Everardus van Braam Houckgeest (born 1 November 1739 in Werkhoven, died 8 July 1801 in Amsterdam) Dutch-American merchant who is mostly known for his participation in the last Dutch embassy to China under the tributary system. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ...
Werkhoven () is a town in the Dutch province of Utrecht. ...
Nickname: Motto: Heldhaftig, Vastberaden, Barmhartig (Valiant, Determined, Compassionate) Location of Amsterdam Coordinates: Country Netherlands Province North Holland Government - Mayor Job Cohen - Aldermen Lodewijk Asscher Hennah Buyne Carolien Gehrels Tjeerd Herrema Maarten van Poelgeest Marijke Vos - Secretary Erik Gerritsen Area [1][2] - City 219 km² (84. ...
This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
A tribute (from Latin tribulum, contribution) is wealth one party gives to another as a sign of respect or, as was often case in historical contexts, of submission or allegiance. ...
Early career In 1757, van Braam joined the Dutch Navy as a midshipman, but soon left the navy for China in order to work for the Dutch East India Company (VOC). In 1758, van Braam arrived in in China, and for the remaining eight years he was engage in trade in Guangzhou and Macao. During his sojourn in China, he left for Europe twice and married Catharina Cornelia Geertruida van Reede van Oudthoorn on his last visit. Royal Netherlands Navy Jack The Koninklijke Marine (Royal Netherlands Navy ) is the navy of the Netherlands. ...
Dutch colonial possessions, with the Dutch East India Company possessions marked in a paler green, surrounding the Indian Ocean plus Saint Helena in the mid-Atlantic. ...
Guangzhou is the capital and the sub-provincial city of Guangdong Province in the southern part of the Peoples Republic of China. ...
In 1773, van Braam left China and the following year, he settled in a county-seat near Zutphen in the province of Gelderland. Inspired by the American Revolution, he decided to emigrate to the United States and settled in Charleston to work as a merchant and rice planter in 1783. He became a US citizen the following year. As a consequence of a family tragedy, van Braam decided to leave the US and take up a position as chief of the Dutch factory in Guangzhou. After a long journey, with stops in the Netherlands, Malacca and Batavia, he arrived in Guangzhou in 1790. Zutphen (old alternate spelling: Zutfen) is a municipality and a town in the province of Gelderland in the Netherlands on the right bank of the IJssel at the influx of the Berkel, and a junction station 29 km by rail N.N.E. of Arnhem. ...
Capital Arnhem Queens Commissioner Clemens Cornielje Religion (1999) Protestant 31% Catholic 29% Area • Land • Water 4,975 km² (1st) 161 km² Population (2005) • Total • Density 1,970,865 (4th) 393/km² (6th) Inclusion {{{inclusion}}} Anthem Ons Gelderland ISO NL-GE Official website www. ...
John Trumbulls Declaration of Independence, showing the five-man committee in charge of drafting the Declaration in 1776 as it presents its work to the Second Continental Congress The American Revolution refers to the period during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen Colonies that...
Charleston, South Carolinas Oldest City Charleston is an American city located in Charleston County, South Carolina. ...
State motto: Bersatu Teguh State anthem: Melaka Maju Jaya Capital Malacca Ruling party Barisan Nasional - Yang di-Pertua Negeri Mohd Khalil Yaakob - Ketua Menteri Mohd Ali Mohd Rustam History - Malacca Sultanate 13th century - Portuguese control 24 August 1511 - Dutch control 1641 - British control 17 March 1824 - Japanese Occupation 1942-1946...
Look up Batavia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Embassy to China Having learned about the British Macartney Embassy to the Qing court in 1793, he requested that the commissioners-general in Batavia send a VOC embassy to the court of the Qianlong Emperor for the celebration of his sixtieth year on the throne. Batavia accepted the suggestion, but appointed the chief of the Dutch factory in Dejima, Isaac Titsingh (1745-1812) as head of the Dutch embassy instead of van Braam. In November 1794, the embassy, which included van Braam and Chrétien-Louis-Joseph de Guignes (son of Joseph de Guignes) left Guangzhou and it arrived in Beijing in January 1795, just in time for Chinese new year. The Macartney Embassy, also called the Macartney Mission, was a British embassy to China in 1793. ...
The Qing Dynasty (Manchu: daicing gurun; Chinese: 清朝; pinyin: qīng cháo; Wade-Giles: ching chao), sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, was founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what is today northeast China expanded into China proper and the surrounding territories of...
Look up Batavia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The Qianlong Emperor (born Hongli, September 25, 1711 – February 7, 1799) was the fifth emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China. ...
Dejima, also Deshima (出島, literally protruding island) in modern Japanese, Desjima in Dutch, often latinised as Decima, was a fan-shaped artificial island in the bay of Nagasaki that was a Dutch trading post during Japans self-imposed isolation (sakoku) of the Edo period, from 1641 until 1853. ...
Isaac Titsingh (born 10 January 1745 in Amsterdam, died 2 February 1812 in Paris) [1]. Dutch surgeon, scholar, merchant-trader and ambassador. ...
Chrétien-Louis-Joseph de Guignes (1759-1845) was a French merchant-trader, ambassador and scholar. ...
Joseph de Guignes (October 19, 1721 - 1800), French orientalist, was born at Pontoise. ...
(Chinese: ; Pinyin: Běijīng; IPA: ), a metropolis in northern China, is the capital of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ...
In Bejing, the embassy was received together with representatives of other tributary countries and the members of the embassy performed the kowtow in front of the emperor according to Chinese custom. Unlike British diplomats, the members of the Dutch embassy did not refuse to perform the kowtow. Van Braam had retained his US citizenship and thus became the first American to meet a Chinese emperor. The embassy was lavishly entertained for the remainder of their stay and they were allowed to have an audience with the Qianlong emperor at the Yuanmingyuan. [1] í Kowtowing Kowtow, from the Chinese term kòu tóu (Cantonese: kau tà uh) (å©é ), is the act of deep respect shown by kneeling and bowing so low as to touch the head to the ground. ...
The Imperial Gardens as they once stood The Old Summer Palace, known in China as the Gardens of Perfect Brightness (圓明園), and originally called the Imperial Gardens (御園), was an extremely large complex of palaces and gardens 8 km (5 miles) northwest of the walls of Beijing...
Later life Upon the embassy's return to Guangzhou in March 1795, van Braam was unable to find a ship bound for the Netherlands and chose to board a ship to Philadelphia, where he arrived in 1796. Van Braam's arrival in the city attracted a lot of attention and he published an account of his journey, which he dedicated to George Washington. Van Braam decided to stay in the area and settled in Bristol outside the city. In 1798, he decided to leave the United States for unknown reasons, and after short stays in Germany and England, he bought a small property in Amsterdam, where he died in July 1801. Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Cradle of Liberty, the City That Loves You Back, the Quaker City, The Birthplace of America Motto: Philadelphia maneto - Let brotherly love continue Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Philadelphia Founded October 27, 1682 Incorporated October 25, 1701 Government...
George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799)[1] led Americas Continental Army to victory over Britain in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), and was later elected the first president of the United States under the U.S. Constitution. ...
Bristol is a borough in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 23 miles (37 km) northeast of Philadelphia opposite Burlington, N.J. on the Delaware River. ...
Motto (French) God and my right Anthem God Save the King (Queen) England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Government Constitutional monarchy - Queen Queen Elizabeth II - Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification - by Athelstan 967 Area...
See also Imperial China has had a long tradition of foreign relations. ...
Source - Duyvendak, J. J. L. "The Last Dutch Embassy to the Chinese Court (1794-1795)." T'oung pao 34, no. 1-2 (1938): 1-137.
Work - An authentic account of the embassy of the Dutch East-India company to the court of the emperor of China in the years 1794 and 1795. London, Printed for R. Phillips, 1798
External links - On "China Hall," van Braam's mansion in Pennsylvania
- Chinese Objects from a Dutch Merchant
- Portrait of Catharina van Braam Houckgeest
|
Feeds |
Contact