The Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought, named after Soviet scientist and dissident Andrei Sakharov, was established in December 1985 by the European Parliament as a means to honour individuals or organizations who had dedicated their lives to the defence of human rights and freedoms. State motto (Russian): Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) (Translated: Workers of the world, unite!) Capital Moscow Official language None; Russian (de facto) Government Federation of Soviet republics Area  - Total  - % water 1st before collapse 22,402,200 km² Approx. ... Andrei Sakharov, 1943 Dr. Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov (Russian: , May 21, 1921 – December 14, 1989), was an eminent Soviet nuclear physicist, dissident and human rights activist. ... This article is about the year. ... The European Parliament building in Strasbourg The inside of the building The European Parliament (formerly European Parliamentary Assembly) is the parliamentary body of the European Union (EU), directly elected by EU citizens once every five years. ... Human rights are rights which some hold to be inalienable and belonging to all humans. ...

The Sakharov Prize is awarded annually on or around 10 December, the day on which the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights was signed. December 10 is the 344th day (345th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... United Nations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Wikisource has original text related to this article: Universal Declaration of Human Rights The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (also UDHR) is a declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly (A/RES/217, December 10, 1948 at Palais de Chaillot, Paris), outlining the organizations view on the human...

Recipients

Past recipients of the prize have been the following:

• 1988: Nelson Mandela (South Africa) and Anatoly Marchenko (Ukraine; posthumously)
• 1989: Alexander Dubček (Czechoslovakia)
• 1990: Aung San Suu Kyi (Myanmar)
• 1991: Adem Demaci (Kosovo)
• 1992: Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo (Argentina)
• 1993: Oslobođenje (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
• 1994: Taslima Nasrin (Bangladesh)
• 1995: Leyla Zana (Turkey)
• 1996: Wei Jingsheng (China)
• 1997: Salima Ghezali (Algeria)
• 1998: Ibrahim Rugova (Kosovo)
• 1999: Xanana Gusmão (East Timor)
• 2000: Basta Ya (Spain)
• 2001: Nurit Peled (Israel), Izzat Ghazzawi (Palestine), Dom Zacarias Kamwenho (Angola)
• 2002: Oswaldo Payá Sardiñas (Cuba)
• 2003: United Nations
• 2004: Belarusian Association of Journalists
• 2005: Damas de Blanco (Cuba), Reporters Without Borders and Huawa Ibrahim (Nigeria; ex-aequo)

1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mandela redirects here. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Alexander Dubček Alexander Dubček (November 27, 1921 – November 7, 1992) was a Slovak politician and briefly leader of Czechoslovakia (1968-1969), famous for his attempt to reform the Communist regime (Prague Spring). ... This article is about the year. ... Daw Aung San Suu Kyi Aung San Suu Kyi (Burmese: ; IPA pronunciation: ; born June 19, 1945 in Yangon (Rangoon), is a nonviolent pro-democracy activist and leader of the National League for Democracy in Myanmar (Burma). ... 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Adem Demaci (Born 1936 in Pristina Kosovo) is a Kosovo Albanian politician and a longtime political prisoner who spent a total of 28 years in prison for speaking out against the poor treatment of the Albanian minority in Yugoslavia as well as criticizing communism and the Tito regime. ... Kosovo (Albanian: Kosovë/Kosova, Serbian: Косово и Метохија/Kosovo i Metohija) is one of two autonomous provinces in Serbia (the other being Vojvodina, in northern Serbia). ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... The white shawl of the Mothers, painted on the floor in Plaza de Mayo, Buenos Aires. ... 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... The building of Oslobodjenje in 1996; only the lifts remained after the Siege of Sarajevo. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal. // Events January Bill Clinton January 1 : North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) goes into effect. ... Taslima Nasrin Taslima Nasrin (Bangla: তসলিমা নাসরিন), also known as Taslima Nasreen, (born 25 August 1962 in Mymensingh, Bangladesh) is a Bengali Bangladeshi physician, writer, feminist human rights activist and secular humanist. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Leyla Zana (born May 3, 1961), is a female Kurdish politician in Turkey, who was imprisoned for speaking Kurdish in the Turkish parliament and for her political actions which were considered against the unity of Turkey. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Wei Jingsheng WEI Jingsheng is the best-known Chinese human rights and democracy fighter and is the leader for the opposition against the Chinese Communist dictatorship. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Ibrahim Rugova (December 2, 1944 – January 21, 2006) was the first President of Kosovo and of its leading political party, the Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK). ... Kosovo (Albanian: Kosovë/Kosova, Serbian: Косово и Метохија/Kosovo i Metohija) is one of two autonomous provinces in Serbia (the other being Vojvodina, in northern Serbia). ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão (born June 20, 1946), born José Alexandre Gusmão, is the first President of East Timor in Southeast Asia. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... Palestine (Hebrew: Palestina, also ארץ ישראל, Eretz Yisrael (Land of Israel), a Hebrew term for the same area; Arabic: ‎ FilastÄ«n or FalastÄ«n) is one of many historical names for the region between the Mediterranean Sea and the banks of the Jordan River, plus various adjoining lands to the east and... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... Oswaldo Payá Sardiñas (born February 29, 1952 in Havana Cuba) is the founder and organizer of Proyecto Varela. External link Proyecto Varela full text in Spanish ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... United Nations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Belarusian Association of Journalists is a Belarusian non-governmental organisation, aiming to ensure freedom of speech and rights of receiving and distributing information and promoting professional standards of journalism ([1]). It was founded in 1995. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ladies in White (Damas de Blanco) is an opposition movement in Cuba that unites the spouses and other relatives of dissidents jailed by the regime of Fidel Castro. ... Reporters Without Borders, or RWB (French: Reporters sans frontières, Spanish: Reporteros Sin Fronteras, or RSF) is an international non-governmental organisation doing research on and advocating for freedom of the press. ... Huawa Ibrahim is a Nigerian human rights lawyer who won the European Parliaments Sakharov Prize in 2005. ...

External links

• Speeches of laureates and the president of the EP