Andrei Shkuro

Andrei Grigoriyevich Shkuro (Shkura) (Андрей Григорьевич Шкуро (Шкура) in Russian) (January 19, 1887 (O.S.: January 7) – January 17, 1947) was a Lieutenant General (1919) of the White Army. Image File history File links Young_General_Shkuro. ... January 19 is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar). ... The Julian calendar was introduced in 46 BC by Julius Caesar and took force in 45 BC (709 ab urbe condita). ... January 7 is the seventh day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... January 17 is the 17th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... White army may refer to: The military arm of the White movement, a loose coalition of anti-Bolshevik forces in the Russian Civil War The Saudi Arabian National Guard The National Guard of Kuwait This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share...

Born in southern Russian city of Yekaterinodar (Krasnodar) in a Cossack family. Shkuro graduated from Nikolayev Cavalry School in 1907 and later served in the Kuban Cossack Host. He took part in World War I, during which he became the commander of a special guerrilla unit that executed several daring raids behind Austrian-Hungarian and German lines. During World War I Shkuro was promoted to the rank of colonel and the Cossack rank of yesaul. In the spring of 1918, after the Bolshevik take over, Shkuro organized an anti-Bolshevik Cossack unit in the area of Batalpashinsk and in May-June raided Stavropol, Yessentuki and Kislovodsk. After officially joining Denikin's White Army, he became the commander of the Kuban Cossacks brigade which soon became a division. In May of 1919, Shkuro was put in charge of a cavalry corps. 19th century photo depicting Kuban Cossacks obelisk in Krasnodar 13 May 1967. ... Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks to Sultan Mehmed IV of Turkey. ... Cavalry is also a common misspelling of the Biblical hill Calvary. ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Russian Kuban Cossacks (Кубанские козака, Kubanskie Kozaki) were cossacks that settled in the region around the Kuban River protected the southern borders of the Russian Empire. ... Combatants Allies: Serbia, Russia, France, Romania, Belgium, British Empire, United States, Italy, and others Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Casualties Military dead:5 million Civilian dead:3 million Total dead:8 million Military dead:4 million Civilian dead:3 million Total dead:7 million The First World... Guerrilla War redirects here. ... Colonel is a military rank of a commissioned officer, with the corresponding ranks existing in nearly every country in the world. ... Yesaul (Turkic: yasaul=chief; Russian: есау́л), a post and a rank in the Cossack units. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Leaders of the Bolshevik Party and the Communist International, a painting by Malcolm McAllister on the Pathfinder Mural in New York City and on the cover of the book Lenin’s Final Fight published by Pathfinder. ... Cherkessk (Russian: Черке́сск) is a city in Russia, capital of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. ... Raid or RAID may refer to: Raid (police action), when police invade a building or area. ... Stone Cross of Stavropol, symbol of the city Stavropol (Ста́врополь) is a city located in south-western Russia. ... Essentuki or Yessentuki (Russian: Ессентуки) is a city in Stavropol Krai, Russia at the base of the Caucasus Mountains. ... Kislovodsk (Кислово́дск) is a city of 129,788 inhabitants (2002 census) in Stavropol Krai, Russia. ... Anton Denikin on the day of his resignation in 1920 Anton Ivanovich Denikin (Анто́н Ива́нович Дени́кин) (December 16, 1872 - August 8, 1947) was a Russian army officer before and during World War I. Following the Russian Revolution he was part of the counter-revolutionary White Russian forces in the civil... Russian Kuban Cossacks (Кубанские козаки, Kubanskie Kozaki) were cossacks that settled in the region around the Kuban River protected the southern borders of the Russian Empire. ... Brigade is a term from military science which refers to a group of several battalions (typically two to four), and directly attached supporting units (normally including at least an artillery battery and additional logistic support). ... Symbol of the Polish 1st Legions Infantry Division in NATO code A division is a large military unit or formation usually consisting of around ten to fifteen thousand soldiers. ...

Shkuro, who was wounded several times, was a charismatic and audacious cossack leader. However, many in the White Army's high command considered him too indisciplined and somewhat of a "loose cannon". According to Soviet historians his forces were particularly cruel and prone to looting. In contrast, Shkuro in his memoirs paints many instances where he spared the lives enemies, including even Bolshevik commissars (who were usually summarily executed). The memoirs, which Shkuro dictated in 1921, also illustrate instances where he interceded to prevent Jewish pogroms and the execution of a Red Army battalion of Jewish volunteers taken prisoner by the Whites ^[1] White army may refer to: The military arm of the White movement, a loose coalition of anti-Bolshevik forces in the Russian Civil War The Saudi Arabian National Guard The National Guard of Kuwait This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share... Pogrom (from Russian: ; from громить - to wreak havoc, to demolish violently) is a form of riot, a massive violent attack on a particular group; ethnic, religious or other, primarily characterized by destruction of their environment (homes, businesses, religious centers). ... The short forms Red Army and RKKA refer to the Workers and Peasants Red Army, (in Russian: Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия - Raboche-Krestyanskaya Krasnaya Armiya), the armed forces first organized by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918. ... Symbol of the Austrian 14th Armoured Battalion in NATO code In military terminology, a battalion consists of two to six companies typically commanded by a lieutenant colonel. ...

Shkuro was not able to get along with General Pyotr Wrangel - a strict man who demanded subordination. Upon reorganizing the army, Wrangel did not give Shkuro a command position, which prompted Shkuro's resignation. Shkuro claimed that to the detriment of the anti-Bolshevik cause, both Denikin and Wrangel did not sufficiently understand Cossack society and as a result some of their decisions alienated the Cossacks, even though Cossack society remained hostile to the policies of the Bolsheviks. Pyotr Nikolaevich Wrangel (1878 - 1928) was a Russian general and counter-revolutionary. ...

After the defeat of the Whites, Shkuro left Russia. As an exile he primarily lived in France and Serbia. For the first few years he and a few other Cossack partners, taking advantage of their great horsemanship, performed in circuses as trick riders all across Europe. In addition, he continued to conduct anti-Soviet activities. Russian émigré memoirs depict Shkuro as a very lively man who enjoyed social gatherings with plenty of dancing, singing, drinking, and vivid storytelling about times past. Anti-Soviet refers to persons and activities actually or allegedly aimed against the Soviet Union or the Soviet power within the Soviet Union. ... Émigré is a French term that shows how Martin B. loves stephanie. ...

In 1941, Shkuro agreed to be one of the organizers of anti-Soviet Cossack units consisting of White émigrés and Soviet (mostly Cossack) prisoners of war in alliance with Nazi Germany, believing this would lead to the eventual liberation of all Russia from communism. Because of their past experiences and because of what they knew of Stalinist Russia, many of these exiles considered that fascism was a lesser threat than communism. For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1941 calendar). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ...

Shkuro during World War II

In 1944, Shkuro was placed in command of the "Cossack Reserve". His Cossacks were primarily deployed in Yugoslavia against Tito's partisans. In 1945, Shkuro was detained by the British forces in Austria and handed over to the Soviet authorities in Operation Keelhaul by Major Davis (whom had given his word that this hand over would never take place). The Supreme Court of the USSR sentenced Andrei Shkuro to death. On January 17, 1947, he was executed together with Pyotr Krasnov by hanging. Image File history File links Image taken from http://rovs. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1944 calendar). ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in all south Slavic languages, in Serbian and Macedonian Cyrillic Југославија) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the 20th century on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe. ... Josip Broz Tito (May 7, 1892 - May 4, 1980) was the ruler of Yugoslavia between the end of World War II and his death in 1980. ... The Column The Rebellion The Yugoslav Partisans were the main resistance movement engaged in the fight against the Axis forces in the Balkans during World War II. // Origins The Yugoslav Partisans went under the official name of Peoples Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia (Narodno-oslobodilačka vojska... Operation Keelhaul was a programme carried out in Austria by British forces in May and June 1945 that decided the fate of thousands of post-war refugees fleeing eastern Europe. ... January 17 is the 17th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Ataman Pyotr Krasnov Pyotr Nikolayevich Krasnov (Петр Николаевич Краснов in Russian) (September 22 (10 O.S.), 1869 — January 17, 1947), sometimes referred to in English as Peter Krasnov, was Lieutenant General of the Russian army when the revolution broke out in 1917, and one of the leaders of the counterrevolutionary White movement afterwards. ...

Reference

• ↑  Beloye Delo, Drozdovtsi i Partizani(White Cause), Moskva Golos 1996, A.G. Shkuro, Zapiski Belogo Partizana (Notes by a White Partisan) p. 224-226.

See also

• Pyotr Krasnov
• The Betrayal of Cossacks