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Encyclopedia > Angel Island (California)

Coordinates: 32°51′N, 122°25′W Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...


Angel Island is an island in San Francisco Bay that offers spectacular views of the San Francisco skyline, the Marin County Headlands and Mount Tamalpais. The entire island is included within Angel Island State Park, and is administered by California State Parks. The highest point on the island, almost exactly at its center, is Mount Caroline Livermore at 788 feet (240 m). The island is almost entirely in Marin County, California, although, there is a small sliver (0.7%) at the eastern end of it which extends into the territory of San Francisco County. The United States Census Bureau reported a land area of 3.107 km² (1.2 sq mi) and a population of 57 persons as of the 2000 census.[1][2] San Francisco Bay, San Pablo Bay, and the Golden Gate San Francisco Bay is a shallow, productive estuary through which water draining approximately forty percent of California, flowing in the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers from the Sierra Nevada mountains, enters the Pacific Ocean. ... San Francisco redirects here. ... Marin County (pronounced muh-RIN) is a county located in the North San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California, across the Golden Gate Bridge from San Francisco. ... Mount Tamalpais (IPA: ; MWCD , known locally as Mount Tam) is a peak in Marin County, California, USA, often considered symbolic of Marin County. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Marin County (pronounced muh-RIN) is a county located in the North San Francisco Bay Area of the U.S. state of California, across the Golden Gate Bridge from San Francisco. ... This article is about the city in California. ... The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title ) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... 2000 US Census logo The Twenty-Second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ...

Contents

Access

Access to the island is by private boat or public ferry from San Francisco, Tiburon or Vallejo. There is no weekday ferry service during the winter except from Tiburon and San Francisco. San Francisco redirects here. ... A View of Downtown Tiburon, near the Ferry Docks. ... Vallejo (pronounced in English; in the original Spanish) is a city in Solano County, California, United States. ...


Bicycles can be brought to the island on the ferry and used on the island's main roads. Bikes and Segways can also be rented. Dogs are not allowed. [[Roller skate]blades and skateboards For other uses, see Bicycle (disambiguation). ... Inventor Dean Kamen demonstrates the Segway HT at the U.S. Department of Commerce on February 14, 2002. ... A blade is the flat part of a tool or weapon that normally has a cutting edge and/or pointed end typically made of a metal, most recently, steel intentionally used to cut, stab, slice, throw, thrust, or strike an animate or inainimate object. ... A standard skateboard An old-school skateboard 1970s surfer print fiberglass skateboard A skateboard is a four wheeled platform used for the activity of skateboarding. ...


are prohibited. No wood fires are allowed but there are designated barbecue and picnic areas available to use. A few campsites are also available for reservation.

Ayala Cove, on the north side of Angel Island.
Ayala Cove, on the north side of Angel Island.

Night travel on the island is prohibited in some areas for reasons of park security and public safety. Image File history File links Ayala_cove. ... Image File history File links Ayala_cove. ...


History

Until about ten thousand years ago, Angel Island was connected to the mainland; it was cut off by the rise in sea levels due to the end of the last ice age. From about two thousand years ago the island was a fishing and hunting site for Coast Miwok Native Americans. In 1775, the Spanish naval vessel San Carlos made the first European entry to the San Francisco Bay under the command of Juan de Ayala. Ayala anchored off Angel Island, and gave it its modern name (Isla de los Angeles); the bay where he anchored is now known as Ayala Cove. Variations in CO2, temperature and dust from the Vostok ice core over the last 400 000 years For the animated movie, see Ice Age (movie). ... Bodega Bay as viewed from present-day Dillon Beach, was ancient homeland of the Coastal Miwok. ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Juan de Ayala (28th December, 1745 - 30th December, 1797) was a Spanish naval officer who played a significant role in the European exploration of California, since he and the crew of his ship the San Carlos are the first Europeans known to have entered the San Francisco Bay. ...

Angel Island as seen from Tiburon.
Angel Island as seen from Tiburon.

Like much of the California coast, Angel Island was subsequently used for cattle ranching. In 1863, during the American Civil War, the U.S. Army established a camp on the island (now known as Camp Reynolds or the West Garrison), and it subsequently became an infantry garrison during the US campaigns against Native American peoples in the West. Image File history File links Angelisland_tiburon. ... Image File history File links Angelisland_tiburon. ... Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I Infantry or footmen are very highly disciplined and trained soldiers who fight primarily with small arms(rifles), but are trained to use everything from their bare hands to missle systems in order to neutralize...


In the later nineteenth century, the army designated the entire island as "Fort McDowell" and developed further facilities there, including what is now called the East Garrison or Camp McDowell. During the Spanish–American War the island served as a discharge depot for returning troops. It continued to serve as a transit station throughout the first half of the twentieth century, with troops engaged in the First embarking and returning there. Combatants United States Republic of Cuba Philippine Republic Spain Commanders Nelson A. Miles William R. Shafter George Dewey Máximo Gómez Emilio Aguinaldo Patricio Montojo Pascual Cervera Casualties 3,289 U.S. dead (432 from combat); considerably higher although undetermined Cuban and Filipino casualties Unknown[1] The Spanish–American... Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ...


During World War II the need for troops in the Pacific far exceeded prior needs. The facilities on Angel Island were expanded and further processing was done at Fort Mason in San Francisco. Prior to the war the infrastructure had been expanded including building the Army ferry General Frank M. Coxe, which transported troops too and from Angel Island on a regular schedule.


Japanese, and German POWs were also held on the island, supplanting the immmigration needs which were curtailed during the war years. Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ...


The army decommissioned the island in 1946, but returned to the southern point in the 1950s when a Nike missile base was constructed. However, this was decommissioned as obsolete in 1962. Launch of a Nike Zeus missile Project Nike was a US Army project, proposed in May 1945 by Bell Labs, to develop a line-of-sight anti-aircraft missile system. ...


Angel Island Immigration Station

From 1910 to 1940, the Angel Island Immigration Station processed approximately 175,000 Asian immigrants entering into the US, serving a similar role to Ellis Island for European immigrants. Angel Island is sometimes referred to as "The Ellis Island of the West". The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 provided tough entry restrictions, so many immigrants waited on the island for as long as two years while they exhausted appeals. The conditions of buildings on Angel Island were poor. Many of these immigrants carved poems in Chinese on the walls of the island's buildings, poems which have been anthologized and studied by scholars. One unhappy prisoner carved in the wall, "For what reason must I sit in jail? It is only because my country is weak and my family poor." A fire burned down the administration building in 1940, and all subsequent immigration processing took place in San Francisco. Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ... Ellis Island, at the mouth of the Hudson River in New York Harbor, was at one time the main entry facility for immigrants entering the United States from January 1, 1892 until November 12, 1954. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... This article is about the former U.S. law. ...

Camp Reynolds (West Garrison) on Angel Island.
Camp Reynolds (West Garrison) on Angel Island.

A quarantine station was opened in Ayala Cove (then known as Hospital Cove) in 1891. Image File history File links Camp_reynolds_ai. ... Image File history File links Camp_reynolds_ai. ... For other uses see Quarantine (disambiguation) Quarantine is voluntary or compulsory isolation, typically to contain the spread of something considered dangerous, often but not always disease. ...


Modern Uses of Angel Island

In 1938, hearings concerning charges of membership in a proscribed political party against labor leader Harry Bridges were held on Angel Island before Dean James Landis of Harvard Law School. After eleven weeks of testimony that filled nearly 8,000 pages, Landis found in favor of Bridges. The decision was accepted by the United States Department of Labor and Bridges was freed. Harry Bridges (July 28, 1901 – March 30, 1990) was an influential American labor leader in the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU), a union of longshore and warehouse workers on the West Coast, Hawaii and Alaska which he helped form and led for over forty years. ... Harvard Law School (colloquially, Harvard Law or HLS) is one of the professional graduate schools of Harvard University. ... The United States Department of Labor is a Cabinet department of the United States government responsible for occupational safety, wage and hour standards, unemployment insurance benefits, re-employment services, and some economic statistics. ...


In 1954, the State Park Commission authorized California State Parks to purchase 37 acres around Ayala Cove, marking the birth of Angel Island State Park. Additional acreage was purchased four years later, in 1958. The last federal Department of Defense personnel withdrew in 1962, turning over the entire island as a state park in December of the same year. Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The United States Department of Defense, abbreviated DoD or DOD and sometimes called the Defense Department, is a civilian Cabinet organization of the United States government. ...


In the 1970s, the Chinese American community successfully lobbied the State of California to designate the Immigration Station as a State Landmark. Today, the Angel Island Immigration Station is a federally designated National Historic Landmark. It is presently being renovated by the California State Parks and is scheduled for public reopening in May 2008. This article or section needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ...


There are two active United States Coast Guard lighthouses on the island, one at Point Blunt (see Point Blunt Light) and the other at Point Stuart. USCG HH-65 Dolphin USCG HH-60J JayHawk USCG HC-130H departs Mojave USCG HC-130H on International Ice Patrol duties The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is at all times a branch of the U.S. military, a maritime law enforcement agency, and a federal regulatory body. ... The Peggys Point lighthouse in Nova Scotia, Canada An aid for navigation and pilotage at sea, a lighthouse is a tower building or framework sending out light from a system of lamps and lenses or, in older times, from a fire. ... Point Blunt Light is a lighthouse on Angel Island in the San Francisco Bay, California Point Blunt Lighthouse was established in 1915. ...

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (750x687, 133 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (750x687, 133 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...

Other

On June 11, 1962, three prisoners apparently escaped from the prison on nearby Alcatraz Island. Some of the materials used in their escape attempt later washed up on Angel Island, aiding in the investigation by the FBI. is the 162nd day of the year (163rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Alcatraz (disambiguation). ... F.B.I. and FBI redirect here. ...


Extirpation (root and branch) of the non-native Eucalyptus tree is underway in an effort to restore the original Oak woodland–grassland environment. This article is about the plant genus. ...


It is often believed by fans of the Sonic the Hedgehog that Angel Island in the games is related to the real Angel Island, especially for the fact that the American headquarters of Sega are in San Francisco. The Sonic the Hedgehog series is a franchise of video games released by Sega starring and named after its mascot character Sonic the Hedgehog. ... This article is about the video game company. ...


See also

There are several islands in San Francisco Bay. ... This is a list of state parks and reserves in the California state park system. ...

Further reading

  • Him Mark Lai, Genny Lim, and Judy Yung, Island: Poetry and History of Chinese Immigrants on Angel Island, 1910-1940, 1980. ISBN 0-295-97109-6.

References

  1. ^ Aerial view of Angel Island, California
  2. ^ Block Group 3, Census Tract 1242, Marin County; and Block 1068, Block Group 1, Census Tract 179.02, San Francisco County United States Census Bureau

External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Immigration Station (1605 words)
Unlike Ellis Island, the state park has no access to any of the immigration records accumulated during the era that the station was located on the island.
Although it was billed as the "Ellis Island of the West", within the Immigration Service it was known as "The Guardian of the Western Gate" and was designed control the flow of Chinese into the country, who were officially not welcome with the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
The Angel Island Immigration Station Foundation is a non-profit organization dedicated to raising funds to educate, preserve, restore, and improve the site.
Angel Island Lighthouses (652 words)
Angel Island is the largest island in San Francisco Bay.
Due to the growing number of vessels traversing the bay, a fog bell was established at Point Knox, on the west side of the island, in 1886.
The island also has a rich history as a home of the native Coastal Miwok, a US military base, and an immigration station.
  More results at FactBites »


 
 

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