C.N.Annadurai (1909 to 1969), popularly called Anna (which means elder brother in Tamil language) was the first non Congress Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, India. He was also an accomplished writer and even before his entry into politics his penmanship and the oratorial style had captivated many audiences. His mother tongue was Tamil. He belongs to a tamil community called Mudaliyars. 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday For other uses, see Number 1969. ... Tamil (தமிழ் ) is a classical language and one of the major languages of the Dravidian language family. ... Indian National Congress (also known as the Congress Party or Congress (I), abbreviated INC) is a major political party in India. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Orator is a Latin word for speaker (from the Latin verb oro, meaning I speak or I pray). In ancient Rome, the art of speaking in public (Ars Oratoria) was a professional competence especially cultivated by politicians and lawyers. ... Tamil (தமிழ் ) is a classical language and one of the major languages of the Dravidian language family. ...

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Early life

Conjeevaram Natarajan Annadurai was born on 15 September 1909 in the town of Kancheepuram (formerly known as Conjeevaram). Natarajan was his father and Bangaru Ammal was his mother, though he was entirely raised by his sister Rajamani. He later studied at Pachaiyappa's High School in the town before working in the Municipal office as a clerk. He then graduated in 1934 in the Pachaiyappa's College in Chennai in B.A. (Hons) and completed his education in the same college in 1934 with M.A. in Economics and Politics. After working as a professor for a short period of time he began involving himself in journalism and politics. September 15 is the 258th day of the year (259th in leap years). ... 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Kanchipuram or Kancheepuram (also sometimes Conjeevaram) is the name of a temple town and district in Tamil Nadu, Indias southernmost state. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Chennai (சென்னை in Tamil), formerly known as Madras, is the capital of the state of Tamil Nadu and is Indias fourth largest metropolitan city. ... Economics is a social science that studies the production, distribution, trade and consumption of goods and services. ...

Entry into politics

Although he had been involved with the Justice Party since his early years, now he found more time to devote to his passion, i.e. politics. He joined the Dravidar Kazhagam (DK) in 1934 which was under Periyar's leadership. He soon had a meteoric rise in the party as people thronged to hear and see the charismatic Anna. In the 1940s he led many anti-hindi agitations and sought to eradicate the evils of the society. However disputes arose between Periyar when Anna felt that democratic power would help to alleviate such problems, while his mentor felt otherwise. The rift resulted in a split and in 1949, Anna and his supporters broke away to form the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) with the aim of contesting elections unlike the DK. By 1962, Anna became a Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha. Since the DMK was modelled on the DK both parties despite the rift often campaigned vehemently against Hindi viewing it as an Aryan cultural invasion. In this sense, both parties were essentially racist. His protests against the government on this earned him some unpopularity in the largely congress led governments. He was also raising issues like the rising prices of goods which was becoming a problem for the Congress government. The spiralling inflation following two wars by India against China and Pakistan had taken a toll on congress and in the 1967 elections, Annadurai led his party to a spectacular victory in the state Assembly elections. He immediately became the Chief Minister of the state, thus ousting the 20 year rule of the congress and becoming the first non-congress government to obtain a majority in the state. Dravidar Kazhagam or Dravida Kazhagam (Dravidian Organization) was the first fully Dravidian party in India. ... // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... Periyar is a common name and can be used in many ways Periyar is the popular name of E.V.Ramasami a political leader and rationalist from Tamil Nadu Periyar River is a river in the Indian state of Kerala This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists... 1949 (MCMXLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday. ... Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) is a regional political party in the Tamil Nadu state of India. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to a parliament; in the Westminster system, specifically to the lower house. ... Executive President Vice-President Prime Minister Dy. ... Hindi (हिन्दी hind), an Indo-European language spoken mainly in North, Central, and Western India, is one of the national languages of India. ... Aryan is an English word derived from the Indian Vedic Sanskrit and Iranian Avestan terms ari-, arya-, ārya-, and/or the extended form aryāna-. The Sanskrit and Old Persian languages both pronounced the word as arya-. Beyond its use as the ethnic self-designation of the Proto-Indo-Iranians... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Term in Office

The actual term of Annadurai in office was amongst the shortest ever in Tamil Nadu. From 1967 until his death in 1969, he was seen as the change that many people needed to improve the worsening condition. However the inflation could not be effectively controlled despite his best efforts. But his work in enhancing and uplifting the lower classes through welfare schemes started to improve the social scene. He also renamed the Madras State to its current name Tamil Nadu. He was able to gain more power for the south from the Centre and sought greater autonomy for the states in the union. His tenure was however cut short by oral cancer as he had the habit of inhaling snuff tobacco. Despite treatments in USA he died on midnight February 2, 1969 just two years after becoming the Chief Minister. His death shocked many in Tamil Nadu who had become fond of Anna and a record 15 million people attended his funeral, the most for anyone in the world. ^[1] 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Oral cancer involves abnormal, cancer tissue growth in the mouth. ... Species N. glauca N. longiflora N. rustica N. sylvestris N. tabacum Ref: ITIS 30562 as of August 26, 2005 Tobacco (, L.) refers to a genus of broad-leafed plants of the nightshade family indigenous to North and South America, or to the dried and cured leaves of such plants. ... February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday For other uses, see Number 1969. ... Underwater funeral in Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea A funeral is a ceremony marking a persons death. ...

Literary contributions

Throughout his public life, he was publishing literary works and was involved in political journalism. In 1942 he started the Tamil weekly, 'Dravida Nadu'. In 1957 and later in 1966 he started the English weeklies 'Homeland' and 'Home Rule' respectively, though both didn't do too well. He returned to his forte of Tamil short stories and plays. Among his works are the novels "Or Iravu" (One Night) and "Velaikkari" (Servant-maid), which were later made to movies. Most of his stories revolved around social causes like exploitation of women or weaker classes. Some of the books were also controversial, like "Arya Mayai" (Aryan Illusion) where he scathingly attacks the Brahmin/Aryan combine and portrays them in poor light. These plays, books and stage speeches enhanced Anna's visibility. The elder statesman of the state, Rajaji, was tiring of the existing political set-up, in which the state made little or no significant progress. Rajaji requested the public to vote for Annadurai and the Tamil public ever heedful, did as requested. This resulted in the DMK gaining a sizeable number of seats in 1957 in the state assembly elections and ultimately forming the government a decade later. This article is about the year. ... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Daniel Defoes Robinson Crusoe; title page of 1719 newspaper edition A novel (from French nouvelle, new) is an extended fictional narrative in prose. ... Panini // Who is a Brahmin? To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

• Complete list of Annadurai's works

Legacy

He is credited with infusing new spirit into the Dravidian movement and providing a vocal voice from the south. His influence was so powerful that his work on Tamil importance ensured that to this day Tamil Nadu remains one of the few states where Hindi is not a compulsory language in schools. His political victory was the first of sorts including being the first regional party in any major state in India to serve the full term breaking the monotony of Congress rule. Furthermore after Congress' defeat in 1967, they were never again able to form the government in the state and were relegated to the background following further dravidian parties like the AIADMK (All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam) which itself split from the DMK. All Dravidian parties including MDMK (a splinter of DMK), DMDK (new party by movie star Vijaykanth) use his image to garner public support before and during elections, showing his popularity in state exists even today. His followers tend to portray him as an accomplished man of words, but the reality is different. In a state that has produced geniuses and statesmen, his accomplishments are at best mediocre. Dravidian may refer to: A group of people who came through Arabia to settle on the Asian mainland at the Strait of Hormuz and on the Indus river in what is now Afghanistan. ... Indian National Congress (also known as the Congress Party or Congress (I), abbreviated INC) is a major political party in India. ... All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) is a regional political party in India. ... மறுமலர்ச்சித் திராவிட முன்னேற்றக் கழகம் (Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, abbreviated MDMK), a political party in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... DMDK is an initialism for Desiya Murpokku Dravidak Kazakam (meaning National progressive Dravidian Party) is a regional political party formed by Tamil cinema actor Vijaykanth in Tamil Nadu along the lines of the regional Dravidian political parties. ... Vijay Kanth Vijaykanth is a famous Tamil film actor (veteran of 147 films), and budding Politician. ...

Notes

^  Guinness Book of Records Suresh Joachim, minutes away from breaking the ironing world record at 55 hours and 5 minutes, at Shoppers World, Brampton. ...