NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Annam (French Colony)

Annam (Vietnamese: An Nam) was a French colony in what is now the central area of Vietnam. Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (428x713, 18 KB) Summary Created by CGlassey, based on province map of Vietnam. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (428x713, 18 KB) Summary Created by CGlassey, based on province map of Vietnam. ...

It was seized by the French by 1874 and was part of the French-ruled federation of French Indochina from 1887 until its collapse in 1954 as a result of the French defeat in the First Indochina War. The other two Vietnamese regions that were federated into French Indochina after the Sino-French War were Cochinchina (Nam Bộ), in the south; and Tonkin (also known as Tonking or Đông Kinh), in the north. The capital of Annam was Huế. Year 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link with display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Flag Capital Hanoi Language(s) French Political structure Federation Historical era New Imperialism - Addition of Laos 1893, 1887 - Vietnamese Declaration of Independence September 2, 1945 - Independence of Laos July 19, 1949 - Independence of Cambodia November 9, 1953 - Recognized Independence of Vietnam 1954, 1954 Area - 1945 750,000 kmÂ² Currency French... 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Combatants French Union France State of Vietnam Cambodia Laos Viet Minh Commanders French Expeditionary Corps Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque (1945-46) Jean-Ã‰tienne Valluy (1946-8) Roger Blaizot (1948-9) Marcel-Maurice Carpentier (1949-50) Jean de Lattre de Tassigny (1950-51) Raoul Salan (1952-3) Henri Navarre (1953-4... Combatants France Qing China Black Flag Army Annam Strength 15,000 to 20,000 soldiers 25,000 to 35,000 soldiers (from the provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang and Yunnan) Casualties 2,100 killed or wounded 10,000 killed or wounded The Sino-French War or Franco-Chinese War... Cochinchina, from Cochin-China (see note below) (known locally as Nam Ká»³, meaning southern region), in French: Cochinchine) is a name used for various southern regions of Vietnam. ... Tonkin, also spelled Tongkin or Tongking, is the northernmost part of Vietnam, south of Chinas Yunnan and Guangxi Provinces, east of northern Laos, and west of the Gulf of Tonkin. ... Huáº¿ (åŒ– in Vietnamese Chá»¯ nÃ´m, é †åŒ– in Chinese characters) is the former modern capital of Vietnam. ...

Before that, Annam was a Chinese term for what is now northern Vietnam. Because of the association of the word "Annam" with Chinese domination and subsequent French colonialism it is considered a derogatory term by many Vietnamese, who instead refer to the region as Trung Kỳ (literally "Central Vietnam"; Hán Tự: 中圻). HÃ¡n tá»± (æ¼¢å—, lit. ...

Etymology and pre-colonial usage

Annam means "Pacified South" in Sino-Vietnamese, the toponym being derived from the Chinese An Nan (安南; pinyin: Ānnán). In the History of Vietnam it is one of several names which the Chinese gave to the core territory of modern-day Vietnam. This territory surrounds the city of Hanoi and runs from the Gulf of Tonkin to the mountains which surround the plains of the Red River. Image File history File linksMetadata Old_map_of_Vietnam. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Old_map_of_Vietnam. ... Alexandre de Rhodes (March 15, 1591 - November 5, 1660) was a French Jesuit missionary. ... Sino-Vietnamese (HÃ¡n Viá»‡t) are the elements in the Vietnamese language derived from Chinese. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Hanoi (Vietnamese: HÃ Ná»™i, HÃ¡n Tá»±: æ²³å†…) , estimated population 3,145,300 (2005), is the capital of Vietnam. ... The Gulf of Tonkin is located to the south of China. ... Flowing from China through Vietnam to the South China Sea, the Red River (Vietnamese Sông Hồng, Chinese Hónghé) is also known as the Yuan Jiang (元江, pinyin yuan2jiang1), which means Primary River. ...

The French colonial definition was quite different. The Annam that the Chinese referred to never included the lands of Annam which the French defined. Annam, the French colony, was an essentially arbitrary creation of a colonial power.

The remainder of this article is largely based on the 1911 EB and is really only accurate as a description of the French colony circa 1890. For an accurate history and description of Annam see EB may stand for: East Brunswick, a town in New Jersey EarthBound, a role-playing video game EB (beer), Polish beer Ekstra Bladet, a Danish tabloid newspaper Electron beam, a stream of electrons observed in vacuum tubes ElektroBit, a worldwide acting company with headquarters in Finland, current commercial Electronics Boutique... Year 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ...

Image File history File linksMetadata 1906_Marseilles_colonial_exhibition. ... Image File history File linksMetadata 1906_Marseilles_colonial_exhibition. ... For the computer diagnostic tool, see POST card. ... Marseilles redirects here. ... The Colonial Exhibitions were supposed to bolster popular support for the various colonial empires. ...

Geography

Annam comprised a sinuous strip of territory measuring between 750 and 800 miles in length, with an approximate area of 52,000 square miles. It had a rich, well-watered soil which yields tropical crops, and was rich in naturally-occurring minerals. Minerals are natural compounds formed through geological processes. ...

The country consisted chiefly of a range of plateaus and wooded mountains, running north and south and declining on the coast to a narrow band of plains varying between 12 and 50 miles in breadth. The mountains are cut transversely by short narrow valleys, through which run rivers, most of which are dry in summer and torrential in winter. The Song Ma and the Song Ca in the north, and the Song Ba, Don Nai and Se Bang Khan in the south, are the only rivers of any size in the region. The chief harbour is that afforded by the bay of Tourane (also known as Đà Nẵng) at the centre of the coastline. South of this point, the coast curves outwards and is broken by peninsulas and indentations; to the north it is concave and bordered in many places by dunes and lagoons. For alternate uses of the term, see Plateau (disambiguation). ... == Headline text == Plains is the name of several places in the [[United usyduisaydashdsdsjdn Plains, North Lanarkshire, Scotland There are also The Plains, Ohio; Plainsboro, New Jersey; and Plainville, Kansas You might also be looking for the geographical feature plain; or the Plains Indians. ... Đà Nẵng is a region and city in central Vietnam near the ancient capital of Huế. The Chữ Nôm characters for the city are 岘港. In August 1858, French troops landed, under the orders of Napoleon III, beginning colonial occupation in the area. ... Da Nang (in Vietnamese: Quá»‘c Ngá»¯ ÄÃ Náºµng) is a major port city in the South Central Coast of Vietnam, on the coast of the South China Sea. ... A peninsula is a geographical formation consisting of an extension of land from a larger body that is surrounded by water on three sides. ... This article is about the sand formations, for other meanings see Dune (disambiguation) Mesquite Flat Dunes in Death Valley National Park In physical geography, a dune is a hill of sand built by eolian (wind-related) processes. ... See lagoon (disambiguation) for other possible meanings. ...

Climate

In Annam, the rainy season begins during September and lasts for three or four months, corresponding with the northeastern monsoon and also with a period of typhoons. During the rains the temperature varies from 59 degrees Fahrenheit (or even lower) to 75 °F (from 15 degrees Celsius to 24 °C). June, July and August are the hottest months, the thermometer often reaching 85 °F or 90 °F (30 °C or more), though the heat of the day is to some extent compensated by the freshness of the nights. The southwest monsoon which brings rain in Cochin China coincides with the dry season in Annam, the reason probably being that the mountains and lofty plateaus separating the two countries retain the precipitation. A wet season or rainy season is a season in which the average rainfall in a region is significantly increased. ... For other uses, see Monsoon (disambiguation). ... This article is about weather phenomena. ...

Economy

During the French period there was little industry. The economy was an agricultural one based on : Image File history File links Flag_of_Annam_(French_colony). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Annam_(French_colony). ...

Silk spinning and weaving were carried on in what the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica called "antiquated lines ...silkworms [are] reared in a desultory fashion". Other crops were tea, tobacco, cotton, cinnamon, precious woods and rubber. Coffee, pepper, sugarcane and jute were also cultivated to a minor extent. The exports comprised tea, raw silk and small quantities of cotton, rice and sugarcane. The imports included rice, iron goods, flour, wine, opium and cotton goods. There were coal-mines at Nong Son, near Da Nang, and as well as mining of gold, silver, lead, iron and other metals which occur in the mountains. Trade, which was controlled by the Chinese, was mostly carried out on the sea, with the chief ports being Da Nang and Qui Nhon, open to European commerce. For other uses, see Rice (disambiguation). ... Nile River delta, as seen from Earth orbit. ... Fish sauce is a condiment derived from fish that have been allowed to ferment. ... For other uses of this word, see Silk (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Bombyx mori Linnaeus, 1758 For the band named Silkworm, see Silkworm (band). ... For other uses, see Tea (disambiguation). ... Shredded tobacco leaf for pipe smoking Tobacco can also be pressed into plugs and sliced into flakes Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the fresh leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. ... For other uses, see Cotton (disambiguation). ... Binomial name J.Presl Cassia (Chinese cinnamon) is also commonly called (and sometimes sold as) cinnamon. ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses, see Coffee (disambiguation). ... Binomial name L. Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. ... Species Saccharum arundinaceum Saccharum bengalense Saccharum edule Saccharum officinarum Saccharum procerum Saccharum ravennae Saccharum robustum Saccharum sinense Saccharum spontaneum Sugarcane or Sugar cane (Saccharum) is a genus of 6 to 37 species (depending on taxonomic interpretation) of tall perennial grasses (family Poaceae, tribe Andropogoneae), native to warm temperate to tropical... The word Jute is also used in reference to the Germanic people, the Jutes. ... For other uses, see Tea (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Iron (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Flour (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Wine (disambiguation). ... This article is about the drug. ... Coal Example chemical structure of coal Coal (pronounced ) is a fossil fuel formed in swamp ecosystems where plant remains were saved by water and mud from oxidization and biodegradation. ... GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... This article is about the chemical element. ... This article is about the metal. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...

Administration

Annam was ruled in theory by its emperor, assisted by the "comat" or secret council, composed of the heads of the six ministerial departments of the interior, finance, war, ritual, justice and public works, who were nominated by the emperor. The resident superior, stationed at Huế, was the representative of France and the virtual ruler of the country. He presided over a council (Conseil de Protectorat) composed of the chiefs of the French services in Annam, together with two members of the "comat"; this body deliberated on questions of taxation affecting the budget of Annam and on local public works. A native governor (Tong Doc or Tuan Phu), assisted by a native staff, administered each of the provinces into which the country was divided, and native officials of lower rank governed the areas into which these provinces were subdivided. The governors took their orders from the imperial government, but they were under the eye of French residents. Native officials were appointed by the court, but the resident superior had power to annul an appointment. The mandarinate or official class was recruited from all ranks of the people by competitive examination. In the province of Tourane (Da Nang), a French tribunal alone exercised jurisdiction, but it administered native law where natives were concerned. Outside this territory the native tribunals survived. This article is about the city of Da Nang. ...

History

Annam actually was the name of Giao Chỉ (Chinese: 交趾; pinyin: Jiāozhǐ), the region's Chinese name. The ancient tribe of the Giao Chi, who dwelt on the confines of south China, and in what is now Tongking and northern Annam, are regarded by the Annamese as their ancestors, and tradition ascribes to their first rulers descent from the Chinese imperial family. These sovereigns were succeeded by another dynasty, under which, at the end of the 3^rd century B.C., the Chinese invaded the country, and eventually established there a supremacy destined to last, with little intermission, till the 10^th century A.D. In 968 Dinh Bo Linh succeeded in ousting the Chinese and founded an independent dynasty of Dinh. Till this period the greater part of Annam had been occupied by the Chams, a Hindu civilization, which has left many monuments to testify to its greatness, but the encroachment of the Annamese during the next six centuries at last left to it only a small territory in the south of the country. Three lines of sovereigns followed that of Dinh, under the last of which, about 1407, Annam again fell under the Chinese yoke. In 1428, an Annamese general named Le Loi succeeded in freeing the country once more, and founded a dynasty which lasted till the end of the 18th century. During the greater part of this period, however, the titular sovereigns were mere puppets, the reality of power being in the hands of the family of Trinh in Tongking and that of Nguyễn in southern Annam, which in 1568 became a separate principality under the name of Cochin China. Towards the end of the 18th century a rebellion overthrew the Nguyễn, but one of its members, Emperor Gia Long, by the aid of a French force, in 1801 acquired sway over the whole of Annam, Tongking and Cochin China. This force was procured for him by Pigneau de Béhaine, bishop of Adran in France, who saw in the political condition of Annam a means of establishing French influence in Indo-China and counterbalancing the English power in India. Before this, in 1787, Gia Long had concluded a treaty with Louis XVI., whereby in return for a promise of aid he ceded Tourane and Pulo-Condore to the French. That treaty marks the beginning of French influence in Indochina. Michael J. Barboza, Lance Corporal. The earliest printed book of Vietnam was published in 1335: the 20-volume An Nam Chí Lược (The Concise Records of Annam, 《安南志略》), written by Lê Tắc (黎崱 li4 ce4). This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Tonkin, also spelled Tongkin or Tongking, is the northernmost part of Vietnam, south of Chinas Yunnan and Guangxi Provinces, east of northern Laos, and west of the Gulf of Tonkin. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Events Births Emperor Kazan of Japan Ethelred II of England Romanus Argyrus, later Romanus III of the Eastern Roman Empire. ... Cham statue from Cham Museum in Danang, Vietnam The Cham people are descendants of the kingdom of Champa. ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... Gia Long (1762-1820), born Nguyá»…n PhÃºc Ãnh, was an emperor of Annam. ... Events Abu Said dies and the Ilkhan khanate ends Slavery abolished in Sweden Charles I of Hungary allies with Poland against the Hapsburgs and Bohemians Carinthia and Carniola come under Habsburg rule. ...

The name gave rise to the Annamitic Chain (la Chaîne Annamitique), a 1100-km mountain range with a height ranging up to 2958 metres, that divides Vietnam and Laos. â€œkmâ€ redirects here. ... This article is about the unit of length. ...

References

See also Legrand de la Liraye, Notes historiques sur la nation annamite (Paris, 1866?); C. Gosselin, L'Empire d'Annam (Paris, 1904); E. Sombsthay, Cours de législation et d' administration annamites (Paris, 1898). This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica, the eleventh edition The EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910â€“1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

Categories: Cleanup from June 2007 | All pages needing cleanup | Geography of Vietnam | History of Vietnam | Former colonies of France | French Indochina Image File history File links Blason_France_moderne. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... For the French colonial postage stamps, see French Colonies. ... For the French colonial postage stamps, see French Colonies. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... The Algerian bay (view from the west). ... Arguin is an island off the west coast of Mauritania in the Bay of Arguin, at 20° 36 N., 16° 27 W. It is 6 km long by 2 broad. ... Location of French West Africa French West Africa (French: ) was a federation of eight French territories in Africa: Mauritania, Senegal, French Sudan (now Mali), French Guinea (now Guinea), CÃ´te dIvoire, Niger, Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) and Dahomey (now Benin). ... Dahomey was a kingdom in Africa, situated in what is now the nation of Benin. ... French Sudan (Fr. ... Map showing the Volta river in Upper Volta Upper Volta (French: ) was the name of the African country now called Burkina Faso. ... French Togoland was a France Mandate territory in West Africa, which later became the Togolese Republic. ... James Island is an island in the Gambia River, 30 km from the river mouth and near Juffure, The Gambia. ... Location of French Equatorial Africa. ... // First settled by Mbuti, Congo was later settled by Bantu groups that also occupied parts of present-day Angola, Gabon, and Democratic Republic of the Congo, forming the basis for ethnic affinities and rivalries among those states. ... Oubangui-Chari, or Ubangi-Shari, was a French territory in central Africa which later became the independent country of the Central African Republic on August 13, 1960. ... Map of Anjouan Anjouan (also known as Ndzuwani or Nzwani) is an island in the Comoros. ... Map of Grand Comore Grand Comore (off-white) in relation to Comoros (light brown) Grande Comore (also known as Ngazidja and Ngasidja, and erroneously as Njazidja) is an island in the Indian Ocean off the coast of Africa. ... Map of MohÃ©li MohÃ©li, also known as Mwali, is one of the three islands which make up the nation of Comoros. ... The Republic of Djibouti gained its independence on June 27, 1977. ... Motto Stella Clavisque Maris Indici(Latin) Star and Key of the Indian Ocean Anthem Motherland Capital (and largest city) Port Louis Official languages English1 Government Republic - President Anerood Jugnauth - Prime Minister Navinchandra Ramgoolam - Vice President Angini Chettiar Independence from the United Kingdom - Date March 12, 1968 - Republic March 12, 1992... For the French colonial postage stamps, see French Colonies. ... World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the continents of North America[1] and South America with their associated islands and regions. ... Capital Quebec Language(s) French Religion Roman Catholicism Government Monarchy King See List of French monarchs Governor See list of Governors Legislature Sovereign Council of New France Historical era Ancien RÃ©gime in France - Royal Control 1655 - Articles of Capitulation of Quebec 1759 - Articles of Capitulation of Montreal 1760 - Treaty... Flag History - Established 1604 - English conquest 1713 Acadia (1754) Acadia (in the French language lAcadie) was the name given to a colonial territory in northeastern North America that included parts of eastern Quebec, the Maritime provinces, and modern-day New England, stretching as far south as Philadelphia. ... Flag In 1803, the United States concluded the Louisiana Purchase (green area) with France. ... Newfoundland â€” IPA: [nuw fÉ™n lÃ¦nd] (French: , Irish: ) is a large island off the east coast of North America, and the most populous part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... Inini (1941 pop. ... Berbice is the Second largest of the three counties in Guyana and is known as the ancient county. ... Saint-Domingue was a French colony from 1697 to 1804 that is today the independent nation of Haiti. ... Castara village beach looking south, Tobago Tobago is the smaller of the two main islands that make up the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. ... The Islands were first settled by Arawak Indians from South America in around 100 BC. They settled the Islands until the 15th century when they were removed by the more aggressive Caribs, a tribe from the Lesser Antilles islands, after whom the Caribbean Sea is named. ... France Antarctique was the name of the failed French colony south of the Equator, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, which existed between 1555 and 1567. ... Equinoxial France was the contemporary name given to the colonization efforts of France in the 17th century in South America, around the line of Equator, before tropical had fully gained its modern meaning: Equinoctial means in Latin of equal nights, i. ... In the history of French trade, the French West India Company was a chartered company established in 1664. ... For the French colonial postage stamps, see French Colonies. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Oceania (disambiguation). ... French India is highlighted in light blue on the subcontinent. ... Chandannagore Strand: A unique place along the bank of Ganga Chandannagar, formerly known as Chandernagore or Chandernagar (French: Chandernagor), is a small city located 30 kilometers north of Kolkata, in West Bengal, India. ... Districts along the Coromandel Coast Map of the coast (French) The Coromandel Coast is the name given to the southeastern coast of the Indian peninsula. ... The Kapaleeshwarar temple in Mylapore was built by the Pallava kings in the 7th century Chennai (à¯†à®šà®©à¯à®©à¯ˆ in Tamil), formerly known as Madras, is the capital of the state of Tamil Nadu and is Indias fourth largest city. ... [Land of uncivilised] Bekal Fort Beach, Kerala Malabar (Malayalam: à´®à´²à´¬à´¾à´°àµâ€ ) is a region of southern India, lying between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea, and derived from the Malayalam word Mala mean Hill and Persian word Bar means Kingdom, and is same as the word meaning of Malayalam. ... For other uses, see MahÃ© (disambiguation). ... History related to Union Territory of Puducherry means, Colonial History of Pondicherry, History. ... Karaikal, also Karikal, is one of the four regions of the Union Territory of Pondicherry. ... Yanam or Yanaon is a district of the Union territory of Pondicherry and a town in that district. ... Flag Capital Hanoi Language(s) French Political structure Federation Historical era New Imperialism - Addition of Laos 1893, 1887 - Vietnamese Declaration of Independence September 2, 1945 - Independence of Laos July 19, 1949 - Independence of Cambodia November 9, 1953 - Recognized Independence of Vietnam 1954, 1954 Area - 1945 750,000 kmÂ² Currency French... In October of 1887, the French announced the formation of the Union Indochinoise (Union of Indochina), which at that time comprised Cambodia, already an autonomous French possession, and the three regions of Vietnam (Tonkin, Annam, and Cochinchina. ... Cochin China (also known as Cochinchina or in French, Cochinchine) was the southernmost part of Vietnam beside Cambodia. ... Tonkin, also spelled Tongkin or Tongking, is the northernmost part of Vietnam, south of Chinas Yunnan and Guangxi Provinces, east of northern Laos, and west of the Gulf of Tonkin. ... French colonial flag of the Alawite State The Alawite State (Arabic: â€Ž), also known in French as Alaouites, after the locally dominant Alawite sect of Shia Islam, was a French mandate territory in the coastal area of present-day Syria after World War I.[1] // The collapse of the Ottoman... Flag of the Republic of Hatay. ... Kwang-Chou-Wan (å»£å·žç£), or Kwangchowan, was a small enclave on the south coast of China conceded by China to France as a leased territory. ... For other uses, see Oceania (disambiguation). ... The New Hebrides are an island group in the South Pacific that now form the nation of Vanuatu. ... French and other European settlements in India. ... French overseas departments and territories The French Overseas Departments and Territories (French: dÃ©partements doutre-mer and territoires doutre-mer or DOM-TOM) consist broadly of French-administered territories outside of Europe. ... A collectivitÃ© doutre-mer (in English Overseas Community) or COM, is an administrative division of France. ... Anthem For Sweden - The Land of The Incredible Biffs Capital (and largest city) Gustavia Official languages Swedish Government - Prime Minister of Sweden Nick XII Bonaparte - Prefect Per af BiffslÃ¤kt - President of the Territorial Council none yet; however Henning is the mayor of Saint-Barthelemy Overseas Collectivity of Sweden - Swedish... Anthem: La Marseillaise Capital (and largest city) Marigot Official languages French Government - President of France Jacques Chirac - Prefect Dominique Lacroix - President of the Territorial Council none yet; however Albert Fleming is the mayor of Saint-Martin Overseas Collectivity of France - Island divided between France and the Netherlands 23 March 1648... ÃŽle Amsterdam IPA: (meaning Amsterdam island, after the Dutch capital) is a French island in the Indian Ocean located at . ... Map of St. ... Orthographic projection centred over the Iles Crozet The Crozet Islands (French: ÃŽles Crozet or officially Archipel Crozet) are a sub-antarctic archipelago of small islands in the southern Indian Ocean, part of the French Southern Territories. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... AdÃ©lie Land is the portion of the Antarctic coast between Pourquoi Pas Point at 66Â°12S, 136Â°11E and Point Alden at 66Â°48S, 142Â°02E, with a shore length of 350 km and with its hinterland extending as a sector about 2600 km toward... Location of the Scattered islands in the Indian Ocean: â€¢ 1 : Bassas da India â€¢ 2 : Europa Island â€¢ 3 : Glorioso Islands â€¢ 4 : Juan de Nova Island â€¢ 5 : Tromelin Island (KM : Comoros, MG : Madagascar, MU : Mauritius, MZ : Mozambique, RE : RÃ©union, YT : Mayotte) The Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean (French: ÃŽles Ã‰parses... Overseas region (French: RÃ©gion doutre-mer), is a recent designation given to the overseas departments which have similar powers to those of the regions of metropolitan France. ...

Contents

Etymology and pre-colonial usage GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");