An anonymous P2P computer network is a particular type of peer-to-peer network in which the users are anonymous or pseudonymous by default. The primary difference between regular and anonymous networks is in the routing method of their respective network architectures. These networks allow the unfettered free flow of information, legal or otherwise. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... A peer-to-peer (or P2P) computer network is a network that relies on the computing power and bandwidth of the participants in the network rather than concentrating it in a relatively few servers. ... Anonymous redirects here. ... Pseudonymity is a word derived from pseudonym, meaning false name, and describes a state of disguised identity resulting from the use of a pseudonym (also called nym). ... In computing, network architecture is the design of a computer network. ... For other uses, see Law (disambiguation). ...

Interest in anonymous P2P has increased in recent years for many reasons, including distrust of governments (especially in undemocratic regimes), mass surveillance and data retention, and lawsuits against bloggers.^[1] Such networks may also appeal to those wishing to share copyrighted files illegally - organizations such as the Recording Industry Association of America and the British Phonographic Industry have successfully tracked and sued users on non-anonymous P2P networks.^[2] For other uses, see Surveillance (disambiguation). ... // Definition Data retention is the storage of telephony and internet traffic and transaction data by governments and commercial organisations. ... Not to be confused with copywriting. ... RIAA redirects here. ... The British Phonographic Industry was founded in 1973 to represent the interests of British music companies and to fight the growing problem of music piracy. ...

Uses of anonymous P2P

There are many reasons to use anonymous P2P technology; most of them are generic to all forms of online anonymity.

P2P users who desire anonymity usually do so as they do not wish to be identified as a publisher (sender), or reader (receiver), of information. Common reasons include:

• The material or its distribution is illegal or incriminating
• Material is legal but socially deplored, embarrassing or problematic in the individual's social world (for example, anonymity is seen as a key requirement for organizations like Alcoholics Anonymous)
• Fear of retribution (whistleblowers, unofficial leaks, and activists who do not believe in restrictions on information or knowledge)
• Censorship at the local, organizational, or national level
• Personal privacy preferences such as preventing tracking or datamining activities

A particularly open view on legal and illegal content is given in The Philosophy Behind Freenet. AA meeting sign Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is an informal meeting society for recovering alcoholics, its members state their primary purpose as, to stay sober and help other alcoholics to achieve sobriety. ... // Computer music Tracking is the art of creating tracking modules for the computer representation of music. ... Data mining, also known as knowledge-discovery in databases (KDD), is the practice of automatically searching large stores of data for patterns. ...

Governments are also interested in anonymous P2P technology. The United States Navy funded the original onion routing research that led to the development of the Tor network, which is now funded by the Electronic Frontier Foundation. Naval redirects here. ... Onion routing is a technique for pseudonymous (or anonymous) communication over a computer network, developed by David Goldschlag, Michael Reed, and Paul Syverson. ... Tor (The Onion Router) is a free software implementation of second-generation onion routing – a system enabling its users to communicate anonymously on the Internet. ... EFF Logo The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) is an international non-profit advocacy and legal organization based in the United States with the stated purpose of being dedicated to preserving free speech rights such as those protected by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution in the context of...

Arguments for and against anonymous P2P networks

General

While anonymous P2P systems may support the protection of unpopular speech, they may also protect illegal activities not protected under some free speech laws, such as fraud, libel, the exchange of illegal pornography, the unauthorized copying of copyrighted works, or the planning of criminal activities. Critics of anonymous P2P systems hold that the advantages offered by such systems do not outweigh these disadvantages, and that other communication channels are already sufficient for unpopular speech. “Libel” redirects here. ... Porn redirects here. ...

Some proponents of anonymous P2P systems believe that all restrictions on free speech serve authoritarian interests. Others argue that information itself is ethically neutral, and that it is the people acting upon the information that can be good or evil. Perceptions of good and evil can also change (see moral panic); for example, if anonymous peer-to-peer networks had existed in the 1950s or 1960s, they might have been targeted for carrying information about civil rights or anarchism. Moral panic is a sociological term, coined by Stanley Cohen, meaning a reaction by a group of people based on the false or exaggerated perception that some cultural behavior or group, frequently a minority group or a subculture, is dangerously deviant and poses a menace to society. ... The 1950s decade refers to the years 1950 to 1959 inclusive. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969. ... Civil rights or positive rights are those legal rights retained by citizens and protected by the government. ... Anarchist redirects here. ...

Easily accessible anonymous P2P networks are seen by some as a democratization of encryption technology, giving the general populace access to secure communications channels already used by governments. Supporters of this view argue that anti-surveillance technologies help to equalize power between governments and their people,^[3] which is the actual reason for banning them. Some believe that monitoring of the populace helps to contain threats to the "consensual view of established authority"^[4] or threats to the continuity of power structures and privilege. Encrypt redirects here. ...

Freedom of speech

Some claim that true freedom of speech, especially on controversial subjects, is difficult or impossible unless individuals can speak anonymously. If anonymity is not possible, one could be subjected to threats or reprisals for voicing an unpopular view. This is one reason why voting is done by secret ballot in many democracies. Controversial information which a party wants to keep hidden, such as details about corruption issues, is often published or leaked anonymously. This article is about the general concept. ...

Anonymous blogging

Anonymous blogging is one widespread use of anonymous networks. While anonymous blogging is possible on the non-anonymous internet to some degree too, a provider hosting the blog in question might be forced to disclose the blogger's IP address (see a case of Google revealing an anonymous blogger's identity ^[5]). Anonymous networks provide a better degree of anonymity. Flogs in Freenet and Syndie in i2p are some examples of anonymous blogging technologies. For other uses, see Freenet (disambiguation). ... Syndie is an open source cross-platform computer application to syndicate data over a variety of anonymous and non-anonymous computer networks. ... I2P (originally short for Invisible Internet Project,[1] though it is not commonly referred to by this name anymore) is a free and open source project building an anonymous network (or, more accurately, a pseudonymous overlay network). ...

One argument for anonymous blogging is a delicate nature of work situation. Sometimes a blogger writing under his/her real name faces a choice between either staying silent or causing a harm to himself, his colleagues or the company he works for.^[6]

Risk of lawsuits is another reason. Some bloggers have faced multi-million dollar lawsuits^[7] that were later dropped completely;^[8] anonymous blogging provides protection against such risks.

Censorship via Internet domain names

On the non-anonymous internet, a domain name like "mysite.com" is a key to accessing information. The censorship of the Wikileaks website^[9] shows that domain names are extremely vulnerable to censorship. Some domain registrars have suspended customers' domain names even in the absence of a court order.

For the affected customer, blocking of a domain name is a far bigger problem than a registrar refusing to provide a service; typically, the registrar keeps full control over the domain names in question. In the case of a European travel agency, more than 80 .com web sites were shut down without any court process and held by the registrar since then. The travel agency had to rebuild the sites under the .net top-level domain instead.^[10] “TLD” redirects here. ...

Anonymous networks, on the other hand, do not rely on domain name registrars. For example, Freenet implements censorship-resistant URLs based on public-key cryptography: only a person having the correct private key is able to update the URL or take it down. A big random number is used to make a public-key/private-key pair. ...

Control over online tracking

Anonymous P2P also has value in normal daily communication. When communication is anonymous, the decision to reveal the identities of the communicating parties is left up to the parties involved and is not available to a third party. Often there is no need or desire by the communicating parties to reveal their identities. As a matter of personal freedom, many people do not want processes in place by default which supply unnecessary data. In some cases such data could be compiled into histories of their activities.

For example, the current phone system transmits caller ID information by default to the called party. If one is calling to make an inquiry about a product or the time of a movie, the person called has a record of the phone number that called, and can obtain the name, address and other information about the caller. If one were to walk into a store and make a similar inquiry all this personal information would not be involved. Anonymous P2P simply allows for a currently-existing activity in “meatspace” to now occur over a communications network. Meatspace is synonymous with the physical world and conceived as the opposite of cyberspace or virtual reality. ...

Effects of surveillance on lawful activity

Online surveillance, such as recording and retaining details of web and e-mail traffic, may have effects on lawful activities. ^[11] People may be deterred from accessing or communicating legal information because they know of possible surveillance and believe that such communication may be seen as suspicious.

For example, one blog visitor expressed his worries about viewing the Al Jazeera channel online: "While you may argue that Al Jazeera is not pro-terrorism, that doesn't keep people in DHS and NSA from assuming that people who watch a lot of 'Al Jazeera' might be pro-terrorist and maybe should be put on a list to see if they make phone calls to other 'pro-terrorists' or maybe they should be added to the list of people who need extra scrutiny when they fly." ^[12] Al Jazeera logo Al Jazeera (الجزيرة), meaning The Island or The (Arabian) Peninsula (whence also Algiers) is an Arabic television channel based in Qatar. ...

According to law professor Daniel J. Solove, such effects "harm society because, among other things, they reduce the range of viewpoints being expressed and the degree of freedom with which to engage in political activity." ^[13]

Access to censored and copyrighted material

Most countries ban or censor the publication of certain books and movies, and certain types of content such as child pornography. Other material is legal to possess but not to distribute; for example, copyright and software patent laws may forbid its distribution. These laws are difficult or impossible to enforce in anonymous P2P networks. Many societies have banned certain books. ... For nearly the entire history of film production, certain films have been either boycotted by political and religious groups or literally banned by a regime for political or moral reasons. ... Child pornography refers to pornographic material depicting children. ... Software patent does not have a universally accepted definition. ...

Anonymous online money

With anonymous money, it becomes possible to arrange anonymous markets where one can buy and sell just about anything anonymously. Anonymous money could be used to avoid tax collection. However, any transfer of physical goods between two parties could compromise anonymity, and the value of any anonymous currency must ultimately be based on physical goods. ^[14] The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... Taxes redirects here. ...

Some argue that conventional cash provides a similar kind of anonymity, and that existing laws are adequate to combat crimes like tax evasion that might result from the use of anonymous cash, whether online or offline. For other uses, see Cash (disambiguation). ... This article contrasts tax evasion, tax avoidance, tax resistance and tax mitigation. ...

Functioning of anonymous P2P

Anonymity and pseudonymity

Some of the networks commonly referred to as "anonymous P2P" are truly anonymous, in the sense that network nodes carry no identifiers. Others are actually pseudonymous: instead of being identified by their IP addresses, nodes are identified by pseudonyms such as cryptographic keys. For example, each node in the MUTE network has an overlay address that is derived from its public key. This overlay address functions as a pseudonym for the node, allowing messages to be addressed to it. In Freenet, on the other hand, messages are routed using keys that identify specific pieces of data rather than specific nodes; the nodes themselves are anonymous. Pseudonymity is a word derived from pseudonym, meaning false name, and describes a state of disguised identity resulting from the use of a pseudonym (also called nym). ... The Internet Protocol (IP) is a data-oriented protocol used for communicating data across a packet-switched internetwork. ... The MUTE Network (or MUTE-net) is a peer-to-peer and friend-to-friend file sharing network developed with anonymity in mind. ... A big random number is used to make a public-key/private-key pair. ... For other uses, see Freenet (disambiguation). ...

The term "anonymous" is used to describe both kinds of network because it is difficult -- if not impossible -- to determine whether a node that sends a message originated the message or is simply forwarding it on behalf of another node. Every node in an anonymous P2P network acts as a universal sender and universal receiver to maintain anonymity. If a node was only a receiver and did not send, then neighbouring nodes would know that the information it was requesting was for itself only, removing any plausible deniability that it was the recipient (and consumer) of the information. Thus, in order to remain anonymous, nodes must ferry information for others on the network. Plausible deniability also Deniability is the term given to the creation of loose and informal chains of command in government, which allow controversial instructions given by high-ranking officials to be denied if they become public. ...

Spam and DoS attacks in anonymous networks

Originally, anonymous networks were operated by small and friendly communities of developers. As interest in anonymous P2P increased and the user base grew, malicious users inevitably appeared and tried different attacks. This is similar to the Internet, where widespread use has been followed by waves of spam and distributed denial-of-service attacks. Such attacks may require different solutions in anonymous networks. For example, blacklisting of originator network addresses does not work because anonymous networks conceal this information. This article is about electronic spam. ... DoS redirects here. ...

Opennet and darknet (Friend to Friend) network types

Main article: Friend-to-friend

Like conventional P2P networks, anonymous P2P networks can implement either opennet or darknet (often named Friend to Friend) network type. This describes how a node on the network selects peer nodes: It has been suggested that Friend-to-friend with third party storage be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Friend-to-friend with third party storage be merged into this article or section. ... A Darknet is a private virtual network where users connect only to people they trust. ... It has been suggested that Friend-to-friend with third party storage be merged into this article or section. ...

• In opennet network, peer nodes are discovered automatically. There is no configuration required but little control available over which nodes become peers.
• In a darknet network, users manually establish connections with nodes run by people they know. Darknet typically needs more effort to set up but a node only has trusted nodes as peers.

Some networks like Freenet support both network types simultaneously (a node can have 5 manually added darknet peer nodes and 5 automatically selected opennet peers) . For other uses, see Freenet (disambiguation). ...

In a friend-to-friend (or F2F) network, users only make direct connections with people they know. Many F2F networks support indirect anonymous or pseudonymous communication between users who do not know or trust one another. For example, a node in a friend-to-friend overlay can automatically forward a file (or a request for a file) anonymously between two friends, without telling either of them the other's name or IP address. These friends can in turn forward the same file (or request) to their own friends, and so on. Users in a friend-to-friend network cannot find out who else is participating beyond their own circle of friends, so F2F networks can grow in size without compromising their users' anonymity.

Some friend-to-friend networks allow the user to control what kind of files can be exchanged with friends within the node, in order to stop them from exchanging files that user disapproves of. It has been suggested that Friend-to-friend with third party storage be merged into this article or section. ...

Advantages and disadvantages of opennet compared to darknet are disputed, see Friend to Friend article for summary. It has been suggested that Friend-to-friend with third party storage be merged into this article or section. ...

List of anonymous P2P networks and clients

Pseudonymous P2P clients

• ANts P2P - a P2P file sharing system which anonymizes and encrypts traffic, and supports HTTP publishing
• Azureus - a BitTorrent client with the option of using I2P or Tor (open source, written in Java)
• Perfect Dark - a new file sharing program in Japan, possibly the successor to Share and Winny
• Entropy - a Freenet alternative
• Freenet - a censorship-resistant distributed file system for anonymous publishing (open source, written in Java)
• GNUnet - P2P framework, includes anonymous file sharing as its primary application (GNU project, written in C)
• I2P - an anonymizing network layer upon which applications can be built (open source, written in Java)
• I2phex - a Gnutella client which communicates anonymously through I2P
• Imule - an emule port running under I2P network
• Marabunta - an anonymous distributed P2P network for chatting only, which uses only UDP
• MUTE - an anonymizing file sharing client. Kommute and Napshare are alternative clients
• Nodezilla - an anonymizing, closed source network layer upon which applications can be built (written in C++ and Java)
• OFF System - a P2P distributed file system through which all shared files are represented by randomized data blocks
• Omemo - an open source social storage platform (p2p virtual hard drive)
• Rodi - a file sharing client which allows for a low degree of anonymity
• RShare - a file sharing system which anonymizes and encrypts the traffic
• Share - the successor to Winny
• StealthNet - a new branch of RShare, richer in features and heavily developed by the community
• Syndie - a content syndication program that operates over numerous anonymous and non-anonymous networks
• Tor - While Tor is not a P2P client itself, it provides a method for other P2P programs to become anonymous. It is also one of the larger research projects for anonymous networks.
• Winny - a P2P client that is very popular in Japan (freeware, written in C++ for Windows)

Pseudonymity is a word derived from pseudonym, meaning false name, and describes a state of disguised identity resulting from the use of a pseudonym (also called nym). ... ANts P2P is an anonymous peer-to-peer open source file sharing software written in Java. ... This article is about the BitTorrent client. ... This article is about Bittorrent clients in general. ... I2P (originally short for Invisible Internet Project,[1] though it is not commonly referred to by this name anymore) is a free and open source project building an anonymous network (or, more accurately, a pseudonymous overlay network). ... Tor (The Onion Router) is a free software implementation of second-generation onion routing – a system enabling its users to communicate anonymously on the Internet. ... perfect dark is a Japanese peer-to-peer file-sharing (P2P) application designed for use with Microsoft Windows. ... Entropy 0. ... For other uses, see Freenet (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Freenet (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Distributed file system (disambiguation). ... GNUnet is a free software framework for decentralized, peer-to-peer networking. ... GNU (pronounced ) is a computer operating system composed entirely of free software. ... I2P (originally short for Invisible Internet Project,[1] though it is not commonly referred to by this name anymore) is a free and open source project building an anonymous network (or, more accurately, a pseudonymous overlay network). ... Phex is a peer-to-peer file sharing client for the Gnutella network. ... I2P (originally short for Invisible Internet Project,[1] though it is not commonly referred to by this name anymore) is a free and open source project building an anonymous network (or, more accurately, a pseudonymous overlay network). ... I2P (originally short for Invisible Internet Project,[1] though it is not commonly referred to by this name anymore) is a free and open source project building an anonymous network (or, more accurately, a pseudonymous overlay network). ... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite. ... The MUTE Network (or MUTE-net) is a peer-to-peer and friend-to-friend file sharing network developed with anonymity in mind. ... Nodezilla is an P2P network written in C++ and Java. ... The Owner Free Filing System (OFF System) is a peer-to-peer distributed file system though which all shared files are represented by randomized data blocks. ... For other uses, see Distributed file system (disambiguation). ... The Rodi Network is a peer-to-peer file sharing network. ... RShare 0. ... Share is the name for a closed-source P2P application being developed in Japan by an anonymous author. ... Syndie is an open source cross-platform computer application to syndicate data over a variety of anonymous and non-anonymous computer networks. ... Tor (The Onion Router) is a free software implementation of second-generation onion routing – a system enabling its users to communicate anonymously on the Internet. ... Winny (also known as WinNY) is a Japanese peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing program which claims to be loosely inspired by the design principles behind the Freenet network, which keep user identities untraceable. ...

Private P2P clients

Main article: Private P2P

Private P2P networks are P2P networks that only allow some mutually trusted computers to share files. This can be achieved by using a central server or hub to authenticate clients, in which case the functionality is similar to a private FTP server, but with files transferred directly between the clients. Alternatively, users can exchange passwords or keys with their friends to form a decentralized network.. Private P2P networks are P2P networks that only allow some mutually trusted computers to share files. ... Private P2P networks are P2P networks that only allow some mutually trusted computers to share files. ... Direct connect is a peer-to-peer file-sharing protocol. ... The abbreviation FTP can refer to: The File Transfer Protocol used on the Internet. ...

• Cspace - encrypted and serverless instant messenger
• PowerFolder - private and secure filesharing with friends and colleagues over the internet or LAN
• Retroshare Instant Messenger - serverless instant messenger for anonymous filesharing

CSpace is a cryptographically secure, decentralised peer-to-peer-based communications system for file sharing and chat based on text, voice and video. ... Power Folder is an Open Source program that synchronizes files and folders over the internet or a LAN. For this program to work, it must be installed on all computers the files will be transferred between. ...

Friend-to-friend clients

Main article: Friend-to-friend

• AnoNet
• Freenet version 0.7 (with the "opennet" option disabled)
• GNUnet (with the "F2F topology" option enabled)
• Turtle F2F

It has been suggested that Friend-to-friend with third party storage be merged into this article or section. ... anoNet is a decentralized friend-to-friend network, similar to Freenet in intent though not design. ... For other uses, see Freenet (disambiguation). ... GNUnet is a free software framework for decentralized, peer-to-peer networking. ... Turtle is a free anonymous peer-to-peer network project being developed at the Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam, involving professor Andrew Tanenbaum. ...

Hypothetical or defunct networks

• Crowds - Reiter and Rubin's system for "blending into a crowd"
• Invisible IRC Project - anonymous IRC.
• Infrastructure for Resilient Internet Systems
• Mnet - a distributed file system.

// Crowds is a proposed anonymity network that gives probable innocence in the face of a large number of attackers. ... The InvisibleNet IRC Projects Invisible IRC proxy (IIP) was a deniable pseudonymous IRC server, used to forward IRC connections from downstream clients in such a way that it becomes impossible for the main IRC server to determine the identity of each chatter. ... This article is about Internet Relay Chat. ... IRIS, the acronym for Infrastructure for Resilient Internet Systems, is a decentralized infrastructure using distributed hash tables that will enable large-scale distributed applications. ... M-Net (originally an abbreviation for Electronic Media Network) is a subscription-funded television channel in South Africa, established in 1986 by a consortium of newspaper companies. ... For other uses, see Distributed file system (disambiguation). ...

Anonymous P2P in a wireless mesh network

It is possible to implement anonymous P2P used on a wireless mesh network: unlike fixed internet connections, users don't need to sign up with an ISP to participate in such a network, and are only identifiable through their hardware. Even if a government were to outlaw the use of wireless P2P software, it would be difficult to enforce such a ban without a considerable infringement of personal freedoms. Alternatively, the government could outlaw the purchase of the wireless hardware itself, or require every wireless device to be registered under the owner's name. Protocols for wireless mesh networks are OLSR and the follow-up protocol B.A.T.M.A.N., which is designed for decentralized auto-IP assignment. This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) is a protocol for mobile ad-hoc networks. ... B.A.T.M.A.N. is an abbreviation for Better Approach To Mobile Adhoc Networking. ...

References

1. ^ Julien Pain, editor (2005). Reporters Without Borders handbook for bloggers and cyber-dissidents. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
2. ^ Electronic Frontier Foundation (2005). RIAA v. The People: Two Years Later. Retrieved 2008-03-05.
3. ^ Russell D. Hoffmann (1996). Interview with author of PGP (Pretty Good Privacy). Transcript of a radio interview, retrieved 2008-01-21.
4. ^ John Pilger (2002). Impartiality of British Journalism. ZNet article, retrieved 2008-02-11.
5. ^ Declan McCullagh (2007). Google: We had no choice in Israel ID request. CNET News.com article, retrieved 2008-02-11.
6. ^ Bill Vallicella (2004). Reasons for 'Anonyblogging'. Maverick Philosopher blog, retrieved 2008-02-11.
7. ^ Media Bloggers Association (2006). MBA Member Hit With Multi-Million Dollar Federal Lawsuit. Retrieved 2008-02-11.
8. ^ Associated Press (2006). Ad agency drops lawsuit against Maine blogger. Retrieved 2008-02-11.
9. ^ WIKILEAKS.INFO censored by eNom and Demand Media. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
10. ^ Adam Liptak (2008). A Wave of the Watch List, and Speech Disappears. The New York Times, 2008-03-04. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
11. ^ Dawinder S. Sidhu (2007). The chilling effect of government surveillance programs on the use of the internet by Muslim-Americans. University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class.
12. ^ MetaFilter community weblog Retrieved 2008-01-20.
13. ^ Daniel J. Solove (2006). "I've got nothing to hide" and other misunderstandings of privacy. San Diego Law Review, Vol. 44.
14. ^ Rob Thomas, Jerry Martin (2006). The underground economy: priceless. Retrieved 2008-01-20.

2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the day. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 21st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 68th day of the year (69th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 63rd day of the year (64th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 68th day of the year (69th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

Cryptography Portal

• Anonymity application
• Comparison of file sharing applications
• Secure communication
• Dining cryptographers protocol
• Friend-to-friend networks
• AnoNet - anoNet

Image File history File links Crypto_key. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Comparison of BitTorrent software Comparison of eDonkey software Comparison of Gnutella software Comparison of G2 software Anonymous peer-to-peer Categories: | ... Secure communication describes means by which people can share information with varying degrees of certainty that third parties cannot know what was said. ... The dining cryptographers protocol is a method of anonymous communication. ... It has been suggested that Friend-to-friend with third party storage be merged into this article or section. ... anoNet is a decentralized friend-to-friend network, similar to Freenet in intent though not design. ...

External links

• Anonymous-p2p.org
• Planet Peer Board - discussion on anonymous P2P
• Planet Peer Wiki - a wiki about various anonymous P2P applications
• A Survey of Anonymous Peer-to-Peer File-Sharing
• Models for Anonymous-p2p Dr. Fabio Dianda - CNR - Italy
• anoNet
• Cashmere : resilient anonymous routing