Categories: Neuroscience stubs | Cerebrum In animals the brain, or encephalon (Greek for in the head), is the control center of the central nervous system, responsible for thought. ... The diencephalon is the region of the brain that includes the epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus. ... The epithalamus is a dorsal posterior segment of the diencephalon (a segment in the middle of the brain also containing the hypothalamus and the thalamus) which includes the habenula, the stria medullaris and the pineal body. ... The pineal gland (also called the pineal body or epiphysis) is a small endocrine gland in the brain. ... In neuroanatomy, habenula originally denoted the stalk of the pineal gland (pineal habenula; pedunculus of pineal body), but gradually came to refer to a neighboring group of nerve cells with which the pineal gland was believed to be associated, the habenular nucleus. ... The habenular nuclei are a group of small nuclei which are part of the diencephalon. ... The hypothalamus (from Greek ὑποθαλαμος = under the thalamus) is a region of the mammalian brain located below the thalamus, forming the major portion of the ventral region of the diencephalon and functioning to regulate certain metabolic processes and other autonomic activities. ... The Anterior hypothalamic nucleus is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. ... The preoptic area is a region of the hypothalamus. ... The supraoptic nucleus (SON) is a nucleus of magnocellular neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus of the mammalian brain. ... The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a nucleus in the hypothalamus situated immediately above the optic chiasm, on either side of the third ventricle. ... The pituitary stalk, also known as the infundibular stalk or simply the infundibulum is the connection between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary. ... Median Eminence The median eminence is part of the inferior boundary for the hypothalamus. ... The arcuate nucleus is an aggregation of neurons in the mediobasal hypothalamus, adjacent to the third ventricle and the median eminence. ... The ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (sometimes referred to as the ventromedial hypothalamus) has four subdivisions: anterior (VMHa), dorsomedial (VMHdm), ventrolateral (VMHvl), and central (VMHc). ... The Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. ... The tuber cinereum is a hollow madda of gray substance situated between the corpora mammillaria behind, and the optic chiasma in front. ... The pituitary gland, or hypophysis, is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea that sits in a small, bony cavity (pituitary fossa) covered by a dural fold (sellar diaphragm) at the base of the brain. ... The anterior pituitary (also called the adenohypophysis) comprises the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system. ... The posterior pituitary (also called the neurohypophysis) comprises the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system. ... The posterior nucleus of the hypothalamus is one of the many nuclei that make up the hypothalamic region of the brain. ... The mammillary bodies (Latin: corpus mamillare) are a pair of small round bodies in the brain forming part of the limbic system. ... The Lateral hypothalamus is a part of the hypothalamus. ... The Medial forebrain bundle is a portion of the brain between the ventral tegmentum and the hypothalamus. ... The subthalamus, or ventral thalamus, is part of the diencephalon. ... Coronal slices of human brain showing the basal ganglia, globus pallidus: external segment (GPe), subthalamic nucleus (STN), globus pallidus: internal segment (GPi), and substantia nigra (SN). ... The zona incerta is a small region of gray matter that is part of the subthalamus. ... For the computer game developer, see Thalamus Ltd. ... Nuclear groups of the thalamus include: anterior nuclear group anteroventral nucleus anterodorsal nucleus anteromedial nucleus medial nuclear group dorsomedial nucleus parvocellular part magnocellular part midline nuclear group paratenial nucleus parventricular nucleus reuniens nucleus rhombodoidal nucleus intralaminar nuclear group centromedian nucleus parafascicular nucleus paracentral nucleus central lateral nucleus central medial nucleus... The medial dorsal nucleus is a a large nucleus in the thalamus. ... The pulvinar is the caudal-most nucleus of the thalamus that is conventionally divided into oral, inferior, lateral, and medial subnuclei. ... In anatomy, the centromedian nucleus, also known as the centrum medianum, (CM or Cm-Pf) is a part of the intralaminar nucleus (ILN) of the thalamus. ... The thalamic reticular nucleus is part of the ventral thalamus that forms a capsule around the thalamus laterally. ... The metathalamus is a composite structure of the thalamus, consisting of the medial geniculate nucleus and the lateral geniculate nucleus. ... The medial geniculate nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus that acts as a relay for auditory information. ... Grays FIG. 719– Hind- and mid-brains; postero-lateral view. ... The third ventricle is one of the four connected fluid-filled cavities within the human brain. ... The interventricular foramen (aka the foramen of Monro) joins the lateral ventricles of the brain with the anterior third ventricle. ... Visual pathway with optic chiasm circled The optic chiasm (from the Greek χλαζειν to mark with an X, after the letter Χ chi) is the part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross, those parts of the right eye which see things on the right side being connected to the... The Subfornical organ is one of the circumventricular organs of the brain and is involved in thirst-regulation. ... The mammillothalamic fasciculus (mammillothalamic tract, thalamomammillary fasciculus, bundle of Vicq d’Azyr) arises from cells in both the medial and lateral nuclei of the mammillary body and by fibers that are directly continued from the fornix. ...