Anthony I of Portugal (Portuguese: António) (Lisbon, 1531 – Paris, August 26, 1595), known by The Prior of Crato (and, rarely, as The Determined, The Fighter or The Independentist), was a grandson of Manuel I, claimant of the Portuguese throne during the 1580 crisis (struggle for the throne of Portugal) and, according to some historians, King of Portugal (during a short time in 1580, in the continent, and since then until 1583, in the Azores Islands). Pictures of Anthony I of Portugal, Prior of Crato, disputed 18th King of Portugal. ... District Lisbon Mayor   - Party Pedro Santana Lopes PSD Area 84. ... Events January 26 - Lisbon, Portugal is hit by an earthquake-- thousands die October 1 - Battle of Kappel - The forces of Zürich are defeated by the Catholic cantons. ... The Eiffel Tower has become a symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... Note: as an adjective (stressed on the second syllable instead of the first), august means honorable. ... Events January 30 - William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet is performed for the first time May 24 - Nomenclator of Leiden University Library appears, the first printed catalog of an institutional library. ... Manuel I of Portugal (Archaic Portuguese: Manoel I, English: Emanuel I), the Fortunate (Port. ... In the era of decline of the Portugiese empire, 1578 the young king Sebastian died in battle without an heir (the body was not found), leading to a dynastic crisis. ... This is a List of Portuguese monarchs from the independence of Portugal from Leon in 1128-29 to the proclamation of the Republic in October 5, 1910. ... Events March 1 - Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. ... Events August 5 - Sir Humphrey Gilbert establishes first English colony in North America, at what is now St Johns, Newfoundland. ... Portuguese) are an archipelago of Portuguese islands situated in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, about 1,500 km from Lisbon and about 3,900 km from the east coast of North America. ...

Life

Anthony was the illegitimate son of prince Louis (1506 - 1555), and therefore grandson of King Manuel I. And was precisely because he was illegitimate that his claim for the throne was considered invalid; furthermore, his father was also, just like him, Prior of Crato (that enabled him to marry without a Pope's dismissal) He was a disciple of Bartolomeu dos Mártires. Events Leonardo da Vinci completes the Mona Lisa. ... Events Russia breaks 60 year old truce with Sweden by attacking Finland May 23 - Paul IV becomes Pope. ... Manuel I of Portugal (Archaic Portuguese: Manoel I, English: Emanuel I), the Fortunate (Port. ...

In 1571 he was governor of the Portuguese North African fortification of Tangier. Events January 11 - Austrian nobility is granted Freedom of religion. ... View toward the Mediterranean Tangier (in Berber and Arabic Tanja طنچة, in Spanish Tánger and in French Tanger) is a city of northern Morocco with a population of 350,000, or 550,000 including suburbs. ...

In 1578, after the disaster of Alcácer Quibir, where the young King Sebastian lost his life, Anthony claimed his rights to the throne, but his pretensions where denied, and his uncle Cardinal Henry became the new monarch. Events January 31 - Battle of Gemblours - Spanish forces under Don John of Austria and Alexander Farnese defeat the Dutch. ... The Battle of Alcacer Quibir took place on August 4, 1578 by Alcazarquivir in Morrocco between the Portuguese army and the troops of the Moorish Sultan. ... Sebastião I (English: Sebastian) the Desired (Port. ... Henry, the cardinal or Henrique (in Portuguese) (January 31, 1512 - January 31, 1580), was the seventeenth King of Portugal between 1578 and 1580. ...

In January 1580, when the Cortes were assembled in Almeirim (where it was to be decided the heir of the Portuguese throne), the old Cardinal-King Henry died. The Regency of the Kingdom was assumed by a Governative Junta formed by five governors. January is the first month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... Events March 1 - Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. ... ... Coat of Arms Almeirim is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 222. ... Henry, the cardinal-king or Henrique (in Portuguese) the Chaste (Port. ...

By the time the Portuguese throne was disputed by several claimants; among them there was Catherine, Duchess of Braganza (1540-1614), her nephew Farnese Rainuccio of Parma, Philip II of Spain and the Prior of Crato himself. The Duchess has later been dubbed as legitimate heir, after her descendants obtained the thone in 1640 (in form of John IV of Portugal), but at that time, she was one of possible heirs. According to the feudal custom, her late older sister's son Rainuccio, an Italian, was the closest heir, then the Duchess herself, and only after them, king Philip. Philip II was a foreigner and descended from Manuel I by a female lie; as for Anthony, although he was a Manuel I's grandson in male line, he was an illegitimate grandson. see struggle for the throne of Portugal ... Philip II of Spain (Spanish: Felipe II) - (May 21, 1527 – September 13, 1598), the first King of Spain understood as the whole peninsula of Hispania (r. ... John IV of Portugal (Portuguese João IV) (March 1603 - November 6, 1656), the Restoring King (Port. ...

Philip, however, managed to bribe the high classes of the Kingdom with gold from the Americas, and the crown started to pend to his side. For them, the idea of a Personal Union with Spain would highly profitable for Portugal, that was going through a bad economical moment. The word America has several meanings: Geographical and political The United States of America. ...

Anthony tried to seduce the people for his cause, comparing the present situation to the one of 1385. Then, just like in 1580, the king of Castile invoked arguments of blood nature to inherit the Portuguese throne; and like in 1580, the Master of Aviz (John I), illegitimate son of King Peter I, claimed his rights to the throne that ended in victory for Portugal in Aljubarrota and in the Cortes of Coimbra in 1385. The 1383–1385 crisis is a period of civil war and anarchy in the Portuguese history, also known as the Interregnum, since there was no crowned king. ... Events March 1 - Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. ... A former kingdom of Spain, Castile comprises the two regions of Old Castile in north-western Spain, and New Castile in the centre of the country. ... João I, tenth king of Portugal (in English, John I) (the Good or sometimes, the Great or even the One With Good Memory), was born in Lisbon in April 11, 1357 and died in the same city in August 14, 1433. ... Pedro I of Portugal, king of Portugal (in English, Peter I), sometimes known as Pedro the Cruel (not to be confused with Pedro I of Castile, also known as Pedro the Cruel), was born in April 8, 1320 and died in January 18, 1367. ... Battle of Aljubarrota Conflict 1383–1385 Crisis Date August 14, 1385 Place Near Aljubarrota, central Portugal Result Decisive Portuguese victory The Battle of Aljubarrota took place on August 14, 1385, between the Portuguese forces commanded by D. João I of Portugal and his general Nuno Alvares Pereira, and the Castilian... ... Coimbra is a city and the capital of the district of Coimbra in Portugal. ... Events August 14 - Battle of Aljubarrota between the Portuguese under John I of Portugal and the Castilians, under John I of Castile. ...

In July 24, 1580, Anthony proclaimed himself King of Portugal in Santarém, followed by popular acclamation in several locations of the country; he governed in the continent during 20 days, until he was defeated in the Battle of Alcântara by the Spanish armies led by the Duke of Alba. July 24 is the 205th day (206th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 160 days remaining. ... Events March 1 - Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. ... This is a List of Portuguese monarchs from the independence of Portugal from Leon in 1128-29 to the proclamation of the Republic in October 5, 1910. ... There are a number of places called Santarém: Santarém, Brazil Santarém, Portugal Santarém is also a Portuguese cheese. ... There were two Battles of Alcantara: Battle of Alcantara (1581) - Spain and Portugal are united when Spain, led by the Duke of Alva, defeats Portugal Battle of Alcantara (1809) _ An inconclusive battle during the Napoleonic Wars (the Peninsular War) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists... Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, the third Duke of Alva (or Alba) (1508-January 12, 1583) was a Spanish general and governor of the Spanish Netherlands (1567 - 1573), nicknamed the Iron Duke because of his cruelty, giving the Protestants of the Low Countries a firsthand taste of the Black Legend. ...

Since then, he started to rule the country from Terceira Island, in the Azores, where, until 1583, he established an opposition government to the Spanish occupation ocupación, that even minted coin - a typical act of sovereignty and royalty. Because of that, many authors consider him the last monarch of the House of Aviz (instead of Cardinal-King Henry) and the 18th King of Portugal. Terceira Island is a Portuguese island in the Azores Archipelago, in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean. ... Flag of Azores Shaded relief map of the Azores from 1975 The Azores (Portuguese: Açores) are an archipelago of Portuguese islands in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, about 1,500 km from Lisbon and about 3,900 km from the east coast of North America. ... Events August 5 - Sir Humphrey Gilbert establishes first English colony in North America, at what is now St Johns, Newfoundland. ... The House of Aviz is a dynasty of kings of Portugal. ... Henry, the cardinal-king or Henrique (in Portuguese) the Chaste (Port. ... This is a List of Portuguese monarchs from the independence of Portugal from Leon in 1128-29 to the proclamation of the Republic in October 5, 1910. ...

His government in Terceira island was only recognized in the Azores, and in the continent and in the Madeira Islands the power was exercised by Philip II, who was acclaimed king in 1580 as Philip I of Portugal, and recognized as official king the following year by Cortes of Tomar in 1581. ... Philip II of Spain (Spanish: Felipe II) - (May 21, 1527 – September 13, 1598), the first King of Spain understood as the whole peninsula of Hispania (r. ... Events March 1 - Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. ... Philip II of Spain (1527 – September 13, 1598), King of Spain (r. ... ... Coat of Arms Convent of Christ Tomar, also known in English as Thomar, is a city of some 20,000 and also a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 351. ... Events January 16 - English Parliament outlaws Roman Catholicism April 4 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. July 26 - The Northern Netherlands proclaim their independence from Spain in the Oath of Abjuration. ...

After his defeat in the Azores, he went in exiled to France - traditional enemy of the Habsburgs of Spain - receiving their support; he also congregated the support of England. An attempt for an invasion was tried, but ended in failure. Habsburg (sometimes spelled Hapsburg, but never so in official use) was one of the major ruling houses of Europe. ... Royal motto: Dieu et mon droit (French: God and my right) Englands location within the UK Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area  - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population  - Total (2001)  - Density Ranked 1st UK 49,138,831 377/km² Religion...

Anthony continued to fight until the end of his life for the restoration of independence of his country. He would never see the end of the Philippine dynasty, in 1640, time when a Portuguese - the grandson of his cousin, the Duchess of Braganza, John, was acclaimed king as John IV of Portugal, after a victorious coup in December 1, 1640. Events December 1 - Portugal regains its independence from Spain and João IV of Portugal becomes king. ... John IV of Portugal (Portuguese João IV) (March 1603 - November 6, 1656), the Restoring King (Port. ... December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events December 1 - Portugal regains its independence from Spain and João IV of Portugal becomes king. ...