The Tudor era was a critical one in the development of the Royal Navy. The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor (Welsh: Tudur) is a series of five monarchs of Welsh origin who ruled England and Ireland from 1485 until 1603. ... The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the senior service of the British armed services, being the oldest of its three branches. ...

Henry VII

Henry VII of England deserves a large share of credit in the establishment of a standing navy. Although there is no evidence for a conscious change of policy, Henry soon embarked on a program of building ships larger than heretofore. He also invested in dockyards, and commissioned the oldest surviving dry dock (and the first in Europe)in 1495 at HMNB Portsmouth. Henry VII (January 28, 1457 – April 21, 1999), King of England, Lord of Ireland (August 22, 1485 – April 21, 1509), was the founder and first patriarch of the Tudor dynasty. ... U.S. Navy submarine USS Greeneville in dry dock following collision with a fishing boat. ... 1495 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Portsmouth Naval Dockyard. ...

Henry VIII

Guns protrude through the recently-invented gunports of the Mary Rose, launched in 1509, portrayed on the Anthony Roll.

Henry VIII inherited a force of some 15 ships, and continued expansion in great ships (eg Mary Rose, using the idea of firing through gunports in the sides of a ship, an idea only invented sometime between 1505 and 1509) and facilities apace in expectation of war with France; in 1512 Sir Edward Howard took over as Lord Admiral, and attacked on 10 August, with inconclusive results despite a memorable slugging match between the English Regent and the French Cordelière resulting in the destruction of both. Additional combat in 1513 resulted in the death of Sir Edward, and his brother Thomas Howard took his place. In 1514 the 1,500-ton carrack Great Harry was launched, the first English two-decker and one of the earliest warships equipped with gunports and heavy bronze cannon. Image File history File links Maryrose. ... Image File history File links Maryrose. ... Mary Rose depicted on the Anthony Roll, a survey of Henry VIIIs navy, completed in 1546 Mary Rose was an English carrack of 78 guns (91 guns after 1536), built in Portsmouth, England, in 1509–1510, thought to be named after King Henry VIIIs sister Mary and the... Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England and Lord of Ireland (later King of Ireland) from 22 April 1509 until his death. ... Name often given to English military carracks from 1400 onwards, particularly as built by Henry VIII. Examples of his include:- Mary Rose Henri Grâce à Dieu Also Grace Dieu (ship), flagship of Henry V The phrase was also used of the RMS Titanic in the song It Was Sad When... Mary Rose depicted on the Anthony Roll, a survey of Henry VIIIs navy, completed in 1546 Mary Rose was an English carrack of 78 guns (91 guns after 1536), built in Portsmouth, England, in 1509–1510, thought to be named after King Henry VIIIs sister Mary and the... 1512 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Edward Daniel Howard (November 5, 1877-January 2, 1983) was born in Cresco, Iowa and became Roman Catholic auxiliary bishop of Davenport, Iowa before being transferred to Oregon in 1926. ... Old Admiralty House, Whitehall, London, Thomas Ripley, architect, 1723-26, was not admired by his contemporaries and earned him some scathing couplets from Alexander Pope The Admiralty was historically the authority in the United Kingdom responsible for the command of the Royal Navy. ... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1513 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Thomas Howard was the name of several prominent English noblemen who lived between the 15th century and the 17th century. ... The Santa Maria at anchor by Andries van Eertvelt, painted c. ... See Grace Dieu (disambiguation) for other Grace-Dieu, especially nautical, or HMS Grace Dieu Henri Grâce à Dieu (French Henry Grace of God), nicknamed Great Harry, was an English carrack or great ship of the 16th century. ... A two-decker is a sail warship which carried her guns on two fully-armed decks. ...

Henry also commissioned the Anthony Roll (now in the Pepys Library), a survey of his navy as it was c.1546, from which comes much of the pictorial evidence for his ships. The Pepys Library is housed on the first floor of its own building in the second court of Magdalene College, Cambridge. ... // Events Spanish conquest of Yucatan Peace between England and France Foundation of Trinity College, Cambridge by Henry VIII of England Katharina von Bora flees to Magdeburg Science Architecture Michelangelo Buonarroti is made chief architect of St. ...

In the end, the chief result of the war with France was a decision to keep the 30 ships active during peacetime. This entailed the establishment of a number of shore facilities, and the hiring of additional administrators; a royal shipwright appears in 1538. By 1540 the navy consisted of 45 ships, and in 1545 Lord Lisle had a force of 160 ships fighting with a French force of 130 attempting to invade England at the Battle of the Solent. In the same year a memorandum established a "king's majesty's council of his marine", a first formal organization comprising seven officers, each in charge of a specific area, presided over by "Lieutenant" or Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Clere. Shipbuilding is the construction of ships. ... Events Treaty of Nagyvarad. ... Events January 6 - King Henry VIII of England marries Anne of Cleves, his fourth Queen consort. ... Events February 27 - Battle of Ancrum Moor - Scots victory over superior English forces December 13 - Official opening of the Council of Trent (closed 1563) Battle of Kawagoe - between two branches of Uesugi families and the late Hojo clan in Japan. ... John Dudley (1501-August 22/August 23, 1553) was a Tudor nobleman and politician, executed for high treason by Queen Mary I of England. ... Combatants France England Commanders Admiral Claude dAnnebault Admiral John Dudley, Viscount Lisle Strength 30,000 soldiers in more than 200 ships 12,000 soldiers in 80 ships The naval Battle of the Solent took place on 18 and 19 July 1545 during the Italian Wars, fought between the fleets...

Edward and Mary

Edward VI and Mary I added little new to their father's navy. Although the navy was involved in the maneuverings following the death of Henry VIII, it was ineffective. Mary maintained the building program, the navy performed satisfactorily if not outstandingly (it did not prevent the loss of Calais) in the war with France of 1557 to 1559. Edward Tudor redirects here; for another (though unlikely) Edward Tudor, see a putative younger son of Henry VII of England, who, if existed, would be the uncle of this Edward Edward VI (12 October 1537 – 6 July 1553) was King of England, King of France and King of Ireland from... Mary Tudor is the name of both Mary I of England and her fathers sister, Mary Tudor (queen consort of France). ... Mary Tudor is the name of both Mary I of England and her fathers sister, Mary Tudor (queen consort of France). ... Location within France The Burghers of Calais, by Rodin, with Calais Hotel de Ville behind J.M.W. Turner: Calais Pier Calais (Dutch: Kales) is a town in northern France, located at 50°57N 1°52E. It is in the département of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is...

Elizabeth I

A fleet review on Elizabeth I's accession in 1559 showed the navy to consist of 39 ships, and there were plans to build another 30, to be grouped into five categories (a foreshadowing of the rating system). Elizabeth kept the navy at a constant expenditure for the next 20 years, and maintained a steady construction rate. Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603 ) was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. ... Elizabeth I (7 September 1533–24 March 1603) was Queen of England, Queen of France (in name only), and Queen of Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. ...

By the 1580s, tensions with Spain had reached the breaking point, exacerbated by Elizabeth's support for the privateering expeditions of Hawkins, Drake, and others, and capped by the Cadiz raid of 1587, in which Drake destroyed dozens of Spanish ships. In 1588, Philip II of Spain launched the Spanish Armada against England, but after a running battle lasting over a week, the Armada was scattered and limped home. These famous battles were early actions in the long and costly Anglo-Spanish War of 1585–1604. John Hawkins For the biographer of Dr. Samuel Johnson, see Sir John Hawkins. ... nd civil engineer of the Elizabethan era. ... 1587 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. ... 1588 was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Combatants England Dutch Republic Spain Portugal Commanders Charles Howard Francis Drake Duke of Medina Sidonia Strength 34 warships 163 merchant vessels 22 galleons 108 merchant vessels Casualties 500 dead or wounded 600 dead, 397 captured 3 merchant ships sunk 1 merchant ship captured The Spanish Armada or Great/Grand Armada... Defeat of the Spanish Armada, 1588-08-08 by Philippe-Jacques de Loutherbourg, painted 1796, depicts the battle of Gravelines. ... 1585 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. ... Events January 14 – Hampton Court conference with James I of England, the Anglican bishops and representatives of Puritans September 20 – Capture of Ostend by Spanish forces under Ambrosio Spinola after a three year siege. ...

• English Armada
• William Winter (admiral)

The English Armada (a name suggested by Wes Ulm of Harvard University) was the episode in the Anglo-Spanish War of 1585–1604 that followed upon the defeat and dispersal of the Spanish Armada (1588). ...

Legacy

Important though this period was, it represents a soon-lost high point. After 1601 the efficiency of the Navy declined gradually, while corruption grew until brought under control in an inquiry of 1618. Events March 8 - Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion (he soon rejects the idea after some initial calculations were made but on May 15 confirms the discovery). ...

See also

• History of the Royal Navy