Anthracotherium ("coal-animal," so called from the fact of the remains first described having been obtained from the Tertiarylignite-beds of Europe), a genus of extinct artiodactyle ungulatemammals, characterized by having 44 teeth, with five semi-crescentic cusps on the crowns of the upper molars. In many respects, especially the form of the lower jaw, Anthracotherium, which is of Oligocene and Miocene age in Europe, and typifies the family Anthracotheriidae, is allied to the hippopotamus, of which it is probably an ancestral form. The European Anthracoterium magnum was as large as the last-mentioned animal, but there were several smaller species and the genus also occurs in Egypt, India and North America. Tertiary period was previously one of the major divisions of the geologic timescale, from the end of the Cretaceous period about 65 million years ago to the start of the Quaternary period about 1. ... Coal Coal is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by mining. ... World map showing Europe Political map Europe is one of the seven continents of Earth which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiographic one, leading to various perspectives about Europes borders. ... In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a taxonomic grouping. ... Families Antilocapridae Bovidae Camelidae Cervidae Giraffidae Hippopotamidae Moschidae Suidae Tayassuidae Tragulidae The even-toed ungulates form the mammal order Artiodactyla. ... Llamas such as this, which have two toes, are artiodactylas -- even toed ungulates Ungulates (meaning roughly hoofed or hoofed animal) make up several orders of mammals, of which six to eight survive. ... Orders Subclass Multituberculata (extinct) Plagiaulacida Cimolodonta Subclass Palaeoryctoides (extinct) Subclass Triconodonta (extinct) Subclass Eutheria (excludes extinct ancestors) Afrosoricida Anagaloidea (extinct) Artiodactyla Carnivora Cetacea Chiroptera Cimolesta (extinct) Creodonta (extinct) Condylarthra (extinct) Dermoptera Desmostylia (extinct) Dinocerata (extinct) Embrithopoda (extinct) Hyracoidea Insectivora Lagomorpha Litopterna (extinct) Macroscelidea Mesonychia (extinct) Notoungulata (extinct) Perissodactyla Pholidota Plesiadapiformes... Types of teeth Molars are used for grinding up foods Carnassials are used for slicing food. ... The Oligocene epoch is a geologic period of time that extends from about 34 million to 23 million years before the present. ... The Miocene epoch is a period of time that extends from about 23 to 5. ... Binomial name Hippopotamus amphibius Linnaeus, 1758 The Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius a. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ...
Members of the genus Anthracotherium are known as Anthracotheres.
References
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
The inferior molars are of the typical selenodont pattern, however, the superior molars differ, resembling those of the anthracothere possessing high cusps, and an anterior cingulum (Zittel, 1925), with deeply concave external crescents which are rounded (Wortman, 1895).
Significant cranial differences between the three families are revealed by the distortion grids (Figure 2) The anthracothere skull shows a greater resemblance to the agriochoere skull than it does to the oreodont.
The anthracothere adductor mass was 50% masseter, 40% temporalis, 10% pterygoideus, for the agriochoere 55% masseter, 35% temporalis, 10% pterygoideus, and for oreodonts 60% masseter, 30% temporalis, 10% pterygoideus.
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