Coin of Antiochus VIII. The reverse shows Zeus enthroned, carrying Nike. The Greek inscription reads ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΝΤΙΟΧΟΥ ΦΙΛΟΜΗΤΟΡΟΣ (king Antiochus Philometor).

Antiochus VIII Epiphanes/Callinicus/Philometor, nicknamed Grypus (hook-nose), ruler of the Greek Seleucid kingdom, was son of Demetrius II Nicator. Either he or his half brother Antiochus IX Cyzicenus is probably identical with the ephemeral child ruler Antiochus Epiphanes, who was crowned by Cleopatra Thea after the death of Antiochus VII but before Demetrius II returned to Antioch. The child Antiochus Epiphanes, who is known from coins, was deposed -- but not killed -- when Demetrius II was restored in 129 B.C. This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... The Statue of Zeus at Olympia Phidias created the 12-m (40-ft) tall statue of Zeus at Olympia about 435 BC. The statue was perhaps the most famous sculpture in Ancient Greece, imagined here in a 16th century engraving Zeus (in Greek: nominative: Zeús, genitive: Diós), is... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Seleucid Empire was a Hellenistic successor state of Alexander the Greats dominion. ... Coin of Demetrius II. The reverse shows Zeus bearing Nike. ... Coin of Antiochus IX Antiochus IX Eusebes was the son of Antiochus VII Sidetes and Cleopatra Thea. ... Coin of Cleopatra Thea. ...

Antiochus Grypus was crowned as a teenager in 125 BC after his mother Cleopatra Thea had killed his elder brother Seleucus V Philometor, ruling jointly with her. After Antiochus defeated usurper Alexander II Zabinas in 123 BC his mother tried to poison him with wine, but the suspicious king forced her to drink the cup herself. (The story may have been inspired by the fact that Grypus was interested in toxicology; some poems about poisonous herbs believed to have been written by him are quoted by the famous physician Galen). Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC - 120s BC - 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC Years: 130 BC 129 BC 128 BC 127 BC 126 BC - 125 BC - 124 BC 123 BC... Coin of Cleopatra Thea. ... The Seleucid king Seleucus V Philometor (126 - 125 BC) was the eldest son of Demetrius II Nicator and Cleopatra Thea. ... Alexander II Zabinas was a counter-king who emerged in the chaos following the Seleucidian loss of Mesopotamia to the Parthians. ... Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC - 120s BC - 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC Years: 128 BC 127 BC 126 BC 125 BC 124 BC - 123 BC - 122 BC 121 BC... Galen (Greek: Γαληνός, Galinos; Latin: Claudius Galenus; AD 129 –c. ...

Coin of Antiochus VIII Grypus. Reverse: god Sandan standing on the horned lion, in his pyre surmounted by an eagle.

He married the Ptolemaic princess Tryphaena (see Cleopatra VI of Egypt), but in 116 BC his half-brother and cousin Antiochus IX Cyzicenus (see Antiochus VII Sidetes) returned from exile and a civil war began. Cyzicenus' wife, also named Cleopatra, was a half-sister of Tryphaena and was eventually killed in a dramatic fashion in the temple of Daphne outside Antioch, on the order of Tryphaena. Cyzicenus eventually killed Tryphaena as revenge. The two brothers then divided Syria between them until Grypus was killed by his minister Heracleon in 96 BC. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 397 pixelsFull resolution (1707 × 848 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 397 pixelsFull resolution (1707 × 848 pixel, file size: 2. ... Sandshrew (サンド/Sand in Japanese, Sandan in German and Sabelette in French) is a fictional character of the Pokémon franchise. ... Genera Several, see below. ... cleopatra ruled seneca for 10 years before she ruled Egypt. ... Cleopatra VI Tryphaena (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Τρύφαινα) was the daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes and (probably) Cleopatra V. She was born in early 140 or 141 BC and married Antiochus VIII Grypus, king of Syria, in 124 BC. Cleopatra Tryphaena bore Antiochus VIII Grypus four sons: Seleucus VI Epiphanes, Antiochus XI Epiphanes, Demetrius... Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC 120s BC - 110s BC - 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC Years: 121 BC 120 BC 119 BC 118 BC 117 BC - 116 BC - 115 BC 114 BC... Coin of Antiochus IX Antiochus IX Eusebes was the son of Antiochus VII Sidetes and Cleopatra Thea. ... Antiochus VII Eumenes, nick-named Sidetes (from Sidon), reigned from 138–129 BC over the Seleucid Empire. ... A civil war is a war in which parties within the same culture, society or nationality fight against each other for the control of political power. ... Daphne - From the painting by Deverial. ... Antioch on the Orontes (Greek: Αντιόχεια η επί Δάφνη, Αντιόχεια η επί Ορόντου or Αντιόχεια η Μεγάλη; Latin: Antiochia ad Orontem, also Antiochia dei Siri), the Great Antioch or Syrian Antioch was an ancient city located on the eastern side (left bank) of the Orontes River about 30 km from the sea and its port, Seleucia Pieria. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC - 90s BC - 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC Years: 101 BC 100 BC 99 BC 98 BC 97 BC - 96 BC - 95 BC 94 BC 93...

Five of Grypus' sons, Seleucus VI Epiphanes, Antiochus XI Ephiphanes Philadelphus, Philip I Philadelphus, Demetrius III Eucaerus and Antiochus XII Dionysus later rose to the kingship, contributing to the confusion of civil war amid which the Seleucid empire ended. Grypus' daughter Laodice VII Thea, was married to king Mithridates I Callinicus of Commagene as part of a settlement by Mithridates' father Sames II Theosebes Dikaios to ensure peace between the Kingdom of Commagene and the Seleucid Empire. Laodice and Mithridates' son was king Antiochus I Theos of Commagene. This was a grandson to Grypus. Seleucus VI Epiphanes was the oldest son of Antiochus VIII Grypus. ... Antiochus XI Epiphanes or Philadelphus, son of Antiochus VIII Grypus and brother of Seleucus VI Epiphanes was a minor participant in the civil wars which clouded the last years of the once glorious Seleucids, now reduced to local dynasts in Syria. ... Philip I Philadelphus was the 3rd son of Antiochus VIII Grypus and took the diadem in the 95 BC together with his twin brother Antiochus XI Ephiphanes, after the eldest son Seleucus VI Epiphanes was killed by their cousin Antiochus X Eusebes. ... Coin of Demetrius III. Obv: Diademed head of Demetrius III. Greek legend BASILEWS DHMHTRIOU QEOU FILOPATOROS SWTHROS King Demetrius, Loving son and Saviour. Rev: Figure of Atargatis, veiled, holding flower, barley stalks at each shoulder. ... Antiochus XII Dionysus (87-84 BC) was the fifth son of Antiochus VIII Grypus to take up the diadem, and succeeded his brother Demetrius III Eucaerus as separatist ruler of the southern parts of the last remaining Seleucidian realms, basically Damascus and its surroundings. ... Roman province of Commagene, 120 CE Commagene (Greek Kομμαγηνη Kommagênê) was a small sometime kingdom, located in modern south-central Turkey, with its capital at Samosata (modern Samsat, near the Euphrates). ... The Seleucid Empire was a Hellenistic successor state of Alexander the Greats dominion. ... Antiochus I Theos Dikaios Epiphanes Philorhomaios Philhellen (69–40 BC), was the most important king of the small Armenian kingdom of Commagene, which was situated in a region that is now in south-eastern Turkey and currently inhabited largely by ethnic Kurds. ...

Despite political shortcomings, Grypus was a popular king. His ugly, lazy appearance on coins (common among the last Seleucids), together with stories of his lavish banquets, made posterity believe his dynasty was degenerated and decadent. This was however a conscious image, an invocation of the Hellenistic idea Tryphe - meaning good life, which the last Seleucids strove to be associated with, as opposed to the exhausting civil wars and feuds which troubled their reigns in reality.

A story of his luxurious parties claims he sent food home with guests whom attended banquets, complete with a camel as beast of burden, as well as a with attendant to carry the guest himself. This should certainly have caused some strain on the already depleted treasury.

External Links:

• Antiochus VIII Grypusentry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith