Encyclopedia > Antiochus XI Ephiphanes Philadelphus
Antiochus XI Epiphanes or Philadelphus, son of Antiochus VIII Grypus and brother of Seleucus VI Epiphanes was a minor participant in the civil wars which clouded the last years of the once glorious Seleucids, now reduced to local dynasts in Syria. Following the defeat of his brother in 95 B.C. by Antiochus X Eusebes, Antiochus XI and yet another brother, Philip I Philadelphus, opted for revenge and besieged Antiochia. After the campaign had ended in defeat, Antiochus was forced to flee but drowned in the river Orontes while trying to cross it on horseback. The year was 92 B.C.
AntiochusXI Epiphanes or Philadelphus, son of Antiochus VIII Grypus and brother of Seleucus VI Epiphanes, could frankly be characterized as insignificant - a minor participant in the civil wars which clouded the last years of the once glorious Seleucids, now reduced to local dynasts in Syria.
Following the defeat of his brother in 95 B.C. by Antiochus X Eusebes, AntiochusXI and yet another brother, Philip I Philadelphus, opted for revenge and besieged Antiochia.
After the campaign had ended in defeat, Antiochus was forced to flee but drowned in the river Orontes while trying to cross it on horseback.
Antiochus VIII Epiphanes/Callinicus/Philometor, nicknamed Grypus (hook-nose), ruler of the Greek Seleucid kingdom, was son of Demetrius II Nicator and was crowned as a teenager in 125 BC after his mother Cleopatra Thea had killed his elder brother Seleucus V Philometor, ruling jointly with her.
After Antiochus defeated usurper Alexander II Zabinas in 123 BC his mother tried to poison him with wine, but the suspicious king forced her to drink the cup herself.
Five of Grypus' sons, Seleucus VI Epiphanes, AntiochusXIEphiphanesPhiladelphus, Philip I Philadelphus, and Demetrius III Eucaerus later rose to the kingship, contributing to the confusion of civil war amid which the Seleucid empire ended.
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