Antofagasta
Nickname: La perla del Norte ("Northern Pearl")
Motto: Gloria, patria y tesón es tu lema y tu honor
Location of Antofagasta municipality in the Antofagasta Region
Region	Antofagasta Region
Province	Antofagasta Province
Settlement	October 22, 1868
Government
- Mayor	Daniel Adaro Silva
Area
- City	30,718.1 km²  (11,860.3 sq mi)
Population (2002)
- City	296,905
- Density	9.7/km² (25.1/sq mi)
Website: municipalidaddeantofagasta.cl

For the copper-mining company named after the region, see Antofagasta plc.

Antofagasta (help· info) (/antofa'γasta/) is a port city and episcopal see in northern Chile, about 700 miles north of Santiago. It is the capital of both Antofagasta Province and Antofagasta Region. According to the 2002 census, it has a municipal population of 296,905 and an urban area population of 318,779^[1]. The city's name comes from either a Quechua or Aymara word for "town of the great saltpeter bed." // A nickname is a name of a person or thing other than its proper name. ... For other uses, see Motto (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Comuna_de_Antofagasta. ... Antofagasta is Chiles second administrative region from north to south. ... Image:Antofa. ... is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Antifagass plc (LSE: ANTO) is a mining company which specialises in copper. ... Image File history File links Es-Antofagasta. ... Categories: Stub | Commercial item transport and distribution | Transportation ... A see (from the Latin word sedem, meaning seat) is the throne (cathedra) of a bishop. ... Location of Santiago commune in Greater Santiago Coordinates: , Region Province Foundation February 12, 1541 Government  - Mayor Raúl Alcaíno Lihn Area 1  - City 22. ... Image:Antofa. ... Antofagasta is Chiles second administrative region from north to south. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Cities with at least a million inhabitants in 2006 An urban area is an area with an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ... Quechua (Runa Simi in Quechua; Runa, human + Simi, speech, literally mouth; i. ... The Aymara are a native ethnic group in the Andes region of South America; about 2. ...

Geography

Satelite image of Antofagasta

Antofagasta is a long and narrow city located south of the Península de Mejillones and north of the Cerro Coloso, 768 miles north of Valparaíso. The city is surrounded on its eastern edge by steep hills that are part of Chile's Cordillera de la Costa, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Cordillera de la Costa means Mountains on the Coast. ...

Antofagasta lies in the Atacama Desert, which is among the Earth's driest regions. According to The Chilean Geological Magazine, annual rainfall in the city averages less than 4 mm, and there was a period of 40 years when no rain fell.[1] Atacama Desert The Atacama Desert is a virtually rainless plateau in South America, extending 966 km (600 mi) between t It is created by the rain shadow of the Andes east of the desert. ... This article is about Earth as a planet. ...

Mejillones is a small port 65 km to the north, on the northern part of Península de Mejillones. About 90 km north of Antofagasta is Hornitos Antofagasta, a beach that attracts both tourists and locals. Tocopilla is a coastal city 188 km north of Antofagasta. Calama, the second-largest city in the Antofagasta Region, is 213 km northeast of the regional capital. La Negra is a medium-sized industrial complex approximately 10 km south-east of Antofagasta, on the Pan-American Highway. Mejillones is a port city on northern Chile. ... Hornitos is a beautiful long beach located 25 km. ... Tocopilla is a city and province in the region of Antofagasta in the north of Chile. ... Calama is a city in the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. ... La Negra is a small industrial complex 22 km. ... The Pan American Highway from Prudhoe Bay, Alaska to Ushuaia, Argentina. ...

History

The first native inhabitants were the Changos, who fished, gathered shellfish, and hunted sea lions. The region was also part of the Incan Empire. Chango might refer to one of: Shango / Changó - thunder god in Yoruban mythology The Csángó Hungarian minority in Romania. ... For other uses, see Sea Lion (disambiguation). ... For other meanings of Inca, see Inca (disambiguation). ...

Founded between 1866 and 1874 as a seaport for the recently discovered silver mines nearby, Antofagasta's original name was Peñas Blancas (Spanish for "White Boulders"). It was part of the Litoral Province of Bolivia until February 14, 1879, when it was occupied by Chilean troops. This event marked the beginning of the War of the Pacific. Antofagasta is sometimes referred to as the Captive Province in Bolvia. The Bolivian government has made efforts to regain control of the city.^{[citation needed]} A nugget of silver Silver mining refers to the resource extraction of the precious metal element silver, mostly through mines. ... Litoral is a province in the Oruro Department of Bolivia. ... is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Combatants Republic of Peru Republic of Bolivia Republic of Chile Commanders Juan Buendía Andrés Cáceres Miguel Grau Manuel Baquedano Patricio Lynch Juan Williams Strength Peru-Bolivian Army 7,000 soldiers in 1878 Peruvian Navy 2 ironclad, 1 corvette, 1 gunboat Army of Chile 4,000 soldiers in...

Administration

Consistorial building of Ilustre Municipality of Antofagasta.

The commune of Antofagasta belongs to 2ª circunscripción ( II Region of Antofagasta ), which is represented in Senado by the senators Carlos Stonecutter (RN Renovation) and Jose Antonio Go'mez (PRSD). Of equal way, the commune is part of distrito number 4, which is represented in Cámara de Diputados of Congreso Nacional by the deputies Manuel Rojas (UDI) and Pedro Araya (PDC Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 213 pixelsFull resolution (1693 × 450 pixel, file size: 913 KB, MIME type: image/png) Edificio consistorial de la Ilustre Municipalidad de Antofagasta. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 213 pixelsFull resolution (1693 × 450 pixel, file size: 913 KB, MIME type: image/png) Edificio consistorial de la Ilustre Municipalidad de Antofagasta. ... Chile Congress building The Senate of the Republic of Chile is the upper house of Chiles bicameral Congress, as established in the current constitution. ... Nacional is the Spanish and Portuguese word for national. ... Congress building The National Congress (Spanish: Congreso Nacional) is the legislative branch of the government of the Republic of Chile. ...

Economy

Hotel Antofagasta Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 478 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 765 pixel, file size: 545 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The content of this image was reviewed by Marcos and afterwards uploaded by FlickrLickr. ...	Coastal edge of Antofagasta Source: http://pamir. ...	South zone of the Port of Antofagasta Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x419, 890 KB) Summary Puerto de Antofagasta Source: [1] Date: 27/09/2005 Author: Marcos Escalier Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Antofagasta ...	Airport of Antofagasta Brown Hill Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 282 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 361 pixel, file size: 34 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Aeropuerto Internacional Cerro Moreno. ...
Stadium regional Antofagasta Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 415 pixelsFull resolution (1400 × 726 pixel, file size: 1. ...	Mall Plaza Antofagasta Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 327 pixelsFull resolution (1009 × 412 pixel, file size: 316 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...

TransAntofagasta

Street in Antofagasta

Antofagasta's economic development has been based on extraction of raw materials. Primary extraction has shifted from guano to potassium nitrate (saltpeter) to copper. Antofagasta was formerly known as the main copper port of Chile, however, in recent years Mejillones have taken the leadership in copper transportation mainly due major infrastructure investment in that area (including a new port called "Megapuerto de Mejillones"). The city's economic mainstay is based on providing housing and services to the mining operations surrounding the city. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 399 pixelsFull resolution (1260 × 629 pixel, file size: 143 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The content of this image was reviewed by Marcos and afterwards uploaded by FlickrLickr. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 399 pixelsFull resolution (1260 × 629 pixel, file size: 143 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The content of this image was reviewed by Marcos and afterwards uploaded by FlickrLickr. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 417 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 534 pixel, file size: 497 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The content of this image was reviewed by Marcos and afterwards uploaded by FlickrLickr. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 417 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 534 pixel, file size: 497 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The content of this image was reviewed by Marcos and afterwards uploaded by FlickrLickr. ... The Chincha guano islands in Peru. ... R-phrases   S-phrases   Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... For other uses, see Copper (disambiguation). ...

Antofagasta's industrial complex is north of the city. The city has a small agricultural zone in Quebrada La Chimba.

Demographics

According to the 2002 census, Antofagasta has a municipal population 296,905, and a greater conurbation contaning 318,779^[1], making it the fourth-largest city in Chile. Its inhabitants are primarilly Chilean, with significant Croatian and Greek minorities. Because there are several large mines near Antofagasta, temporary migrant workers in the mines form a significant portion of residents. A conurbation is an urban area comprising a number of cities, towns and villages which, through population growth and expansion, have physically merged to form one continuous built up area. ... A foreign worker (cf expatriate), is a person who works in a country other than the one of which he or she is a citizen. ...

Transportation

Antofagasta has an airport, Aeropuerto Cerro Moreno, with civilian and military operations. The city also has two seaports: one is a state port near downtown Antofagasta; the other is part of La Escondida copper mine and is south of the city, near Cerro Coloso.

North of the city is a natural monument called La Portada de Antofagasta.

Education

The city has several public and private educational facilities. Two major public universities (Universidad Católica del Norte and Universidad de Antofagasta) operate in the city. Several private universities (Universidad del Mar, Universidad Mayor, and others) have been open since 2002. Previously, the now-defunct Universidad José Santos Ossa was the only private university in Antofagasta.

Although the public schools are distributed almost uniformly throughout the city, private schools operate mainly in the central and southern part of the city, where the wealthiest inhabitants reside.

Gallery

Antofagasta is bordered by the Pacific Ocean on the west and steep hills to the east Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x419, 890 KB) Summary Puerto de Antofagasta Source: [1] Date: 27/09/2005 Author: Marcos Escalier Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Antofagasta ...	Plaza and cathedral Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1704x2164, 2281 KB) Francisco Martínez (WIKIPancho) Antofagasta, Chile Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Antofagasta ...	San Jose cathedral Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (727x1059, 808 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Antofagasta Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create...	La Portada de Antofagasta Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 766 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1604 × 1256 pixel, file size: 1. ...
Parque Japonés Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 368 pixelsFull resolution (1473 × 678 pixel, file size: 209 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, Censos 2002, accessed 10 July 2007

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Coordinates: 23°39′S, 70°24′W Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...