NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Antofagasta Region

Antofagasta is Chile's second administrative region from north to south. ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard. ...

History

Antofagasta's history is divided, as the territory, in two sections, the coastal region and the highlands plateau or altiplano around the Andes. In precolumbian times, the coastline was populated by fisher-gatherer nomadic clans of Changos Indians, of whom very little is known, since they had very limited contact with Spanish conquistadors. The Altiplano (Spanish for high plain), where the Andes are at their widest, is the most extensive area of high plateau on earth outside of Tibet. ... The Andes between Chile and Argentina Computer generated image of the Andes, made from a digital elevation model with a resolution of 30 arcseconds The Andes is a vast mountain range forming a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America. ... In Yorùbá mythology, Shango is perhaps the most important Orisha; he is a Sky Father, god of thunder and the ancestor of the Haitian Vodun, as a god of thunder and weather; in Brazilian Candomblé Ketu (under the name Xangô); in Umbanda, as the very powerful loa Nago Shango... Conquistador (Spanish: kÅn-kÄ“-stÅ-dÅr) (meaning Conqueror in the Spanish language) is the term used to refer to the soldiers, explorers, and adventurers who brought much of the Americas and Asia Pacific under Spanish colonial rule between the 15th and 17th centuries, starting with the 1492 settlement...

The inland section was populated by the atacaman culture around the great Atacama Salar (dry salt lake), the Loa River basin and valleys and oasis across the altiplano, with the most important settlement being the village of San Pedro de Atacama. San Pedro de Atacama is a pre-Inca town in northern Chile, and a popular tourist destination. ...

The atacaman culture was deeply influenced by Tiwanaku culture and later fell under Inca rule. Atacamans harvested mainly corn and beans and developed trade as far as the Amazon basin and Pacific shores. The arrival of the Spaniards in the 16th century did not destroy the culture but transformed it deeply through the process of mestizaje, in which both cultures mixed. Under the Spanish rule, Atacaman territory (only the inlands), was placed under the administration of Charcas Audience and at the time of independence general Simón Bolívar integrated (both inland and coast regions) into the new Republic of Bolivia, under the name of "Litoral", eventhough majority of inhabitants, arround 90% till 95% were of chilean origin. This adjudication was contested by the Chilean Government and is a conflict until present times. Chile claimed that due to the Uti possidetis of spanish crown, the coastal region belongs to them and they had direct frontiers with Peru. Chileans explorers such as Juan López and José Santos Ossa discovered rich nitrate and guano deposits which drove a massive Chilean colonization of the coastline. Tensions between the new settlers from both countries grew until 1879 when the War of the Pacific erupted. Antofagasta was permanently integrated by the Chilean government at the end of the war. Area of the Middle Horizon The Gate of the Sun Statue in Tiwanaku Walls around the temple Kalasasaya Tiwanaku (old spellings: Tiahuanaco and Tiahuanacu) is an important Pre-Columbian archaeological site in Bolivia. ... For other meanings of Inca, see Inca (disambiguation). ... The Amazon Basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries. ... Mestizo (Portuguese, Mestiço; Canadian French, Métis: from Late Latin mixtcius, from Latin mixtus, past participle of miscre, to mix) is a term of Spanish origin used to designate the peoples of mixed European and Amerindian racial strain inhabiting the region spanning the Americas, from the Canadian prairies in the north... Charcas is a province in the Bolivian department of PotosÃ. Categories: South America-related stubs ... SimÃ³n JosÃ© Antonio de la SantÃsima Trinidad BolÃvar y Palacios (July 24, 1783 â€“ December 17, 1830) was a South American revolutionary leader. ... A littoral is the region near the shoreline of a body of fresh or salt water. ... Uti possidetis (Latin: as you possess) is a principle in international law that territory and other property remains with its possessor at the end of a conflict, unless provided for by treaty. ... In inorganic chemistry, a nitrate is a salt of nitric acid. ... The Chincha guano islands in Peru. ... Combatants Republic of Peru Republic of Bolivia Republic of Chile Commanders Juan BuendÃa AndrÃ©s CÃ¡ceres Miguel Grau Manuel Baquedano Patricio Lynch Arturo Prat Strength Peru-Bolivian Army Peruvian Navy Army of Chile Chilean Navy Casualties {{{notes}}} The War of the Pacific, sometimes called the Saltpeter War in...

Colonization by Chileans followed mainly from the "Little North" (the contemporary regions of Atacama and Coquimbo, aka III and IV regions), into the new territories of Antofagasta and Tarapacá, nicknamed Great North. Settlers also arrived from Europe (mainly Croats, Spaniards, Britons and Greeks), from Arab countries, plus China, Peru and Bolivia. Various immigration flows joined with the culture of the altiplano region creating the modern culture of the north of Chile, which arguably presents more Andean- and multi-European-features than the Central Valley (and mainstream Chilean culture). Atacama The Atacama desert of Chile and Peru is a virtually rainless plateau made up of salt basins (salares), sand, and lava flows, extending from the Andes mountains to the Pacific Ocean. ... Port city, capital to Elqui Province in the Coquimbo Region, its lies close to La Serena, forming a urban area of around 300. ... TarapacÃ¡ may refer to TarapacÃ¡ Region, Chile TarapacÃ¡ Province (a former province of Peru, now TarapacÃ¡ Region, Chile) TarapacÃ¡, Colombia (Municipality) Both the former province/ nowadays region and the municipality were involved in wars between Peru and his neighbors. ...

A significant base of Chile's union-organizing movements in the early 20th century, the region depended upon the nitrate-extraction industry until its replacement by copper mining. Two of the largest and richest open pit mines in the world are located in Antofagasta: La Escondida and Chuquicamata. Categories: Stub | Mines ... One of the larger pits in the base of the open cast mine Chuquicamata copper mine in 1984 Chuquicamata, or, Chuqui, as it is commonly called, is the largest open pit copper mine in the world. ...

Climate

Mostly a desert climate, part of the Atacama Desert, with variations in the amount of annual rainfall from the coast to the highland desert. The Atacama desert of Chile is a virtually rainless plateau made up of salt basins (salares), sand, and lava flows, extending from the Andes mountains to the Pacific Ocean. ...

Economic Activities

This is mostly a mining region, with mining-related activities accounting for 59% of the regional economy, also fishing exploitation and industrial production.

Contents

History

Climate

Economic Activities

See also

Contents

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Climate

Economic Activities

See also

History