Row 1: Elagabalus (silver 218-222AD), Trajan Decius (silver 249-251AD), Gallienus (billon 253-268AD Asian mint) Row 2: Gallienus (copper 253-268AD), Aurelian (silvered 270-275AD), barbarous radiate (copper), barbarous radiate (copper)

The antoninianus was a coin used during the Roman Empire that was valued at 2 denarii. It was initially silver, but was slowly debased to bronze. 7 Antoninianii; row 1: Elagabalus (silver 218-222AD), Trajan Decius (silver 249-251AD), Gallienus (billon 253-268AD Asian mint); row 2: Gallienus (copper 253-268AD), Aurelian (silvered 270-275AD), barbarous radiate (copper), barbarous radiate (copper) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev... 7 Antoninianii; row 1: Elagabalus (silver 218-222AD), Trajan Decius (silver 249-251AD), Gallienus (billon 253-268AD Asian mint); row 2: Gallienus (copper 253-268AD), Aurelian (silvered 270-275AD), barbarous radiate (copper), barbarous radiate (copper) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev... A bust depicting Elagabalus. ... Jump to: navigation, search General Name, Symbol, Number silver, Ag, 47 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 5, d Appearance lustrous white metal Atomic mass 107. ... Gaius Messius Quintus Trajanus Decius (201-251), Roman emperor (249 - 251), the first of the long succession of distinguished men from the Illyrian provinces, was born at Budalia near Sirmium in lower Pannonia. ... Gallienus depicted on a lead seal. ... Billon is an alloy of silver (sometimes gold) with a high base metal content (such as copper). ... Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to the Asian portion of Turkey. ... Gallienus depicted on a lead seal. ... General Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 4, d Appearance metallic brown Atomic mass 63. ... Contemporary coin of Aurelian. ... Barbarous radiates are imitations of the antoninianus, a type of coin issued during the Roman Empire, which are so named due to their crude style and prominent radiate crown worn by the emperor. ... Barbarous radiates are imitations of the antoninianus, a type of coin issued during the Roman Empire, which are so named due to their crude style and prominent radiate crown worn by the emperor. ... 1¢ euro coin A coin is usually a piece of hard material, generally metal and usually in the shape of a disc, which is issued by a government to be used as a form of money. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Roman Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Ancient Roman polity in the centuries following its reorganization under the leadership of Octavian (better known as Caesar Augustus). ... The Roman currency system included the denarius (plural: denarii), a small silver coin, as the most common coin in circulation. ... Debasement is the practice of lowering the value of currency. ... Bronze figurine, found at Öland Bronze is the traditional name for a broad range of alloys of copper. ...

The coin was introduced by Caracalla in early 215 AD and was a full silver coin similar to the denarius except that it was slightly larger and featured the emperor wearing a radiate crown, indicating that it was valued twice as much. Antoniniani depicting females (usually the emperor's wife), featured the bust resting upon a crescent moon. Although valued twice as much as a denarius, the antoninianus never weighed more than 1.6 times what a denarius weighted. The denarius continued to be issued along side the antoninianus, but during the middle of the third century AD it was rapidly debased to fund the constant warfare of the period. Caracalla Caracalla (April 4, 186–April 8, 217) was emperor of the Roman Empire from AD 211–217. ... Events Caracallas Roman troops massacre the population of Alexandria, Egypt. ...

The antoninianus replaced the denarius completely after the reign of Gordian III, and the latter was no longer struck in significant quantities. As political and economic conditions worsened the coins were debased by simply adding copper and tin to produce a billon alloy that looked similar to silver. By the middle of the reign of Gallienus new methods were introduced so that coins continued to appear silver. The flans were produced of very low silver content (about 5-10%) and then pickled such that the copper on the surface of the coin was leached away producing a spongey high silver content layer. When struck these coins had a thin silver layer that quickly wore away to reveal the copper beneath. Gordian III Marcus Antonius Gordianus Pius (January 20, 225-244), known in English as Gordian III, was Roman emperor from 238 to 244. ... General Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 4, d Appearance metallic brown Atomic mass 63. ... Jump to: navigation, search General Name, Symbol, Number tin, Sn, 50 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 5, p Appearance silvery lustrous gray Atomic mass 118. ... Billon is an alloy of silver (sometimes gold) with a high base metal content (such as copper). ... Gallienus depicted on a lead seal. ... Flan with Dulce de Leche and milk cream In cooking, flan is a custard-like dessert originating from Spain and is popular in former Spanish colonies such as Latin America, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Dominican Republic. ...

An Antoninianus from the reign of Philip the Arab 244 - 248 AD

These coins are usually referred to as "silvered" as opposed to "silver" by numismatists. Eventually even these measures weren't enough to maintain a silver appearance of the coins, prompting Aurelian to reform the antoninianus, setting it at a distinct fineness of twenty parts copper to one part silver. This was marked on the reverse of some of the coins by XXI in the west and KA is the east. These coins are called aurelianiani by some numismatists. The silvered antoninianus continued to be issued until the coinage reform of Diocletian at the end of the third century AD. Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 709 KB)This specific Antoninianus was issued during the reign of Marcus Julius Philippus I who reigned from 244 - 248. ... Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 709 KB)This specific Antoninianus was issued during the reign of Marcus Julius Philippus I who reigned from 244 - 248. ... Emperor Philip the Arab 100 Syrian pound note with Philip the Arab Marcus Julius Philippus (about 204 - 249), known in English as Philip the Arab after the origin of his family, was a Roman emperor from 244 to 249. ... Contemporary coin of Aurelian. ... Jump to: navigation, search The system of Roman numerals is a numeral system originating in ancient Rome, and was adapted from Etruscan numerals. ... Greek numerals are a system of representing numbers using letters of the Greek alphabet. ...

During the third century (and perhaps also during the fourth century) many locally made imitations of the antoninianus were produced. These are usually referred to as barbarous radiates, although most were probably produced within the empire and probably filled the need for small change. These coins are characterized by blundered and poorly engraved portraits and designs on small flans of copper. The most frequently imitated coins are those of the Gallic emperor Tetricus I. Barbarous radiates are imitations of the antoninianus, a type of coin issued during the Roman Empire, which are so named due to their crude style and prominent radiate crown worn by the emperor. ... The Gallic Empire (in Latin, imperium Galliarum) is the modern name for the independent realm that lived a brief existence during the Roman Empires Crisis of the Third Century, from 259 to 274. ... Tertricus Coin Caius Pius Esuvius Tetricus was emperor of the Gallic Empire from 270/271 to 273, following the murder of Victorinus. ...

The word antoninianus is a modern term based on the name of Caracalla (Marcus Aurelius Antoninianus), who was the first to issue such a coin; the ancient name of the coin is not known. The coin is also referred to as a radiate, from the radiate crown worn by the emperor, although this is less precise. Several non-antoninianii denominations were also produced that featured radiate bust, such as a coin produced following the Diocletians reform usually known as a post-reform radiate. Since antoninianii were issued in large numbers, they are second only to Constantinian bronzes in abundance on the collector's market.

See also: Roman currency. The main Roman currency during most of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire consisted of coins including: the aureus (gold), the denarius (silver), the sestertius (bronze), the dupondius (bronze), and the as (copper). ...

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