General Antonio Maceo in uniform

Lt. General Antonio de la Caridad Maceo y Grajales (June 14, 1848—December 7, 1896) was second-in-command of the Cuban Army of Independence (Ejercito Libertador or Ejercito Mambi). This Manual of Style has the simple purpose of making things easy to read by following a consistent format — it is a style guide. ... Image File history File links Maceo1. ... Image File history File links Maceo1. ... June 14 is the 165th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (166th in leap years), with 200 days remaining. ... 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Given the sobriquet of the "Bronze Titan" ("El Titan de Bronce") by Cubans after his death - a reference to his skin coloration, and stature and status respectively - and by Spaniards during his life of the "Lion" ("El Leon"), Maceo was one of the outstanding Guerrilla leaders in 19th century Latin America, easily comparable to José Antonio Páez of Venezuela. A sobriquet is a nickname or a fancy name, usually a familiar name given by others as distinct from a pseudonym assumed as a disguise, but a nickname which is familiar enough such that it can be used in place of a real name without the need of explanation. ... Binomial name Panthera leo (Linnaeus, 1758) Synonyms Felis leo (Linnaeus, 1758) The lion (Panthera leo) is a mammal of the family Felidae and one of four big cats in the genus Panthera. ... Leon or Léon or León may refer to: // Léon, Landes, a commune of the Landes département, France Léon (viscounty), Brittany, France Léon (diocese), Brittany, France León, Guanajuato León, Nicaragua León Department Leon, Iloilo León, Spain, city and capital of the... Look up guerrilla in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... José Antonio Páez José Antonio Páez (June 13, 1790 - May 6, 1873) was the first President of Venezuela. ...

Early life and wars

Maceo was the son of a Venezuelan mulatto farmer and dealer in agricultural products, Marcos Maceo and an Afro-Cuban woman, Mariana Grajales y Coello. His father moved from Caracas, Venezuela to Santiago de Cuba, Cuba, in 1823, after some of his comrades were exiled from South America. Dame Kelly Holmes is half Black (Jamaican) and half White (English). ... The term Afro-Cuban refers to Cubans of African ancestry, and to historical or cultural elements in Cuba thought to emanate from this community. ... Nickname: La Sultana del Avila (English:The Avilas Sultan) La Sucursal del Cielo (English:Branch of Heaven) Motto: Ave María Santísima, sin pecado concebida, en el primer instante de su ser natural. ... Santiago de Cuba is the capital city of Santiago de Cuba Province in eastern Cuba. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ...

At age sixteen Maceo went to work for his father, delivering produce and supplies by mule. He was a successful entrepreneur and farmer and later an outstanding general. Maceo developed an active interest in the political issues of the time. As the oldest of the children, he inherited his father's leadership qualities. He sufferred 27 bullet wounds during his campaigns, the last two ending his life.

Approximately two weeks after the October 10, 1868 revolt by Carlos Manuel de Céspedes against Spain known as the "Cry of Yara" ("Grito de Yara"), Maceo and his brothers joined the war. Maceo enlisted as a Private when the "Ten Years' War" ("Güerra de los Diez Años") (1868-1878) began. Within five months, Maceo was promoted to Commander (or Major), and within a matter of weeks after that he was again promoted to Lieutenant Colonel. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Carlos Céspedes. ... A Private is a soldier of the lowest military rank (equivalent to Nato Rank Grades OR-1 to OR-3 depending on the force served in). ... The Ten Years War, (Guerra de los Diez Años) (also known as the Great War) began on October 10, 1868. ... Insignia of a United States Navy Commander Commander is a military rank used in many navies but not generally in armies or air forces. ... Major is a military rank the use of which varies according to country. ... In the U.S. Army, Air Force and Marine Corps, a lieutenant colonel is a commissioned officer superior to a major and inferior to a colonel. ...

Later promotions to Colonel and Brigadier General followed, and five years later he was promoted to the rank of Major General because of his bravery and ability to outmaneuver the Spanish Army. Maceo participated in over 500 battles. Colonel (IPA: or ) is a military rank of a commissioned officer, with the corresponding ranks existing in nearly every country in the world. ... A Brigadier General, or one-star general, is the lowest rank of general officer in the United States and some other countries, ranking just above Colonel and just below Major General. ... Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. ... The Spanish Army (Ejército de Tierra in Spanish; literally, Land Army) is one branch of the Spanish Armed Forces, in charge of land operations. ...

In 1878 most of the Cuban generals believed that they could not defeat the Spaniards and were ready to come to terms. Maceo refused to surrender without winning Cuban independence and the abolition of slavery. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

He met with Spanish Captain General Arsenio Martínez y Campos on March 15, 1878, to discuss the terms offered under the "Pact of Zanjón" ("Pacto de Zanjón") . He refused the terms offered and remonstrated against them in the "Protest of Baraguá" ("Protesta of Baraguá"). Captain General is a rank and a title. ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (75th in Leap years). ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Pact of Zanjón was the treaty that ended the Cuban Ten Year War. ...

Maceo fled Cuba knowing he could not and would not submit to Spanish rule. In New York, Maceo planned another invasion of Cuba with Major General Calixto García y Iñigues, resulting in the "Small War" ("La Güerra Chiquita") (1879-1880). Official language(s) None Capital Albany Largest city New York City Area  Ranked 27th  - Total 54,520 sq mi (141,205 km²)  - Width 285 miles (455 km)  - Length 330 miles (530 km)  - % water 13. ... Calixto García y Iñigues (August 4, 1839-1898) was born in Holguin. ...

Cuban War of Independence

He returned to Cuba when war with Spain began again in 1895. He was promoted to the rank of Lt. General and was once again second-in-command under General of the Army (or [[General]) (Generalissimo) Máximo Gómez y Báez. Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. ... General of the Army, or less formally five-star general, is historically the second most senior rank in the United States Army. ... A generalissimo is a commissioned officer of the highest rank; the word is often translated as Supreme Commander or Commander in Chief. It is an Italian superlative substantive, which grammatically would actually be disallowed in Italian (superlatives can be made with adjectives only). ... Máximo Gómez Máximo Gómez y Báez was a general in the Ten Years War and Cubas military commander in that countrys War of Independence (late 19th century. ...

His most famous campaign in the Cuban "War of Independence" ("Güerra de la Independencia") (1895-1898) was his invasion of Western Cuba when his troops, mostly Afro-Cubans on foot and horseback, covered more than 1,000 miles in 92 days and fought the enemy in 27 separate encounters. The term War of Independence is generally used to describe a war occurring over a territory that has declared independence. ...

The invasion of Western Cuba was attempted by Brigadier General Henry Reeve during the Ten Years' War but faltered (and collapsed) between the easternmost section of the province of Matanzas and the westernmost section of the province of Havana and Reeve perished. At the time Maceo had collaborated with Reeve under the direction of Máximo Gómez. Henry Reeve (1850—1876) was a Brigadier General in Cubas Ejercito Libertador - more commonly known as the Ejercito Mambi - during the Ten Years War (1868-1878). ... Matanzas is the capital of the Cuban Province Matanzas. ... Havana (Spanish in full: Ciudad de La Habana, formerly named San Cristóbal de La Habana; UN/LOCODE: CU HAV) is the capital of Cuba. ...

The second time around Maceo as the chief tactician of the war and Máximo Gómez as the chief strategist were more successful in creating a coordinated and cohesive front but while the invasion had not faltered, it had slowed to a crawl between the easternmost section of the province of Havana and the westernmost section of the province of Pinar del Rio. Pinar del Río is a city in Cuba. ...

Spanish Captain General Valeriano Weyler pursued Maceo vigorously if only to curtail his destruction of the Cuban Sugar Cane Industry. On December 7, 1896, Maceo was killed- the results of wounds 26 and 27—as he attempted to rejoin Máximo Gómez's forces. Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau, marqués de Tenerife (1838 - 1930), Spanish soldier, was born at Palma de Majorca. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Antonio Maceo Monument in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba

Image File history File links Maceomonument. ... Image File history File links Maceomonument. ... Santiago de Cuba is the capital city of Santiago de Cuba Province in eastern Cuba. ...

Legacy

Maceo was quoted as having a strict motto; "My duties to country and to my own political convictions are above all human effort; with these I shall reach the pedestal of freedom or I shall perish fighting for my country's redemption." (November 3, 1890). November 3 is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 58 days remaining. ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ...

A portrait of Maceo graces the 5 pesos bills in Cuban currency.

External links

• Excerpt about Antonio Maceo from History of Negro soldiers in the Spanish-American War, and other items of interest. published 1899, hosted by the Portal to Texas History.