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The Apa Tani, also spelled Apatani or simply Tani, is a tribal group of about 25,000 in the Apatani plateau Jiro (usually spelled and pronounced Ziro by outsiders) in the Lower Subansiri district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. As they are of Tibetan origin, their language belongs to the Tibeto-Burman family (see Tani languages). Image File history File links Information_icon. ...
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Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3008x2000, 3434 KB) Summary Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Lower Subansiri is an administrative district in the state of Arunachal Pradesh in India. ...
Arunachal Pradesh (Hindi: AruṇÄcal PradeÅ›, Chinese: è—å— Zangnan) is a state of India. ...
Ethnolinguistic Groups of Tibet, 1967 ( See entire map, which includes a key) Ethnic Tibetan autonomous entities set up by the Peoples Republic of China. ...
The Tibeto-Burman linguistic subfamily of the proposed Sino-Tibetan language family is spoken in various central and south Asian countries: Myanmar (Burmese language), Tibet (Tibetan language), northern Thailand (Mong language), Nepal, Bhutan, India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura and the Ladakh region of...
Tani refers to a compact cluster of Tibeto-Burman languages situated at the eastern end of the Himalayas, in an area skirted on four sides by Tibet, Assam, Bhutan, and Burma. ...
History
There are currently no known written records of the history of the Apatani tribe, although it is speculated that, throughout their history, the Apatani had a democratic system of running the society. The village council was known as the Bulyang. Democracy (literally rule by the people, from the Greek δημοκÏατία-demokratia demos, people, and kratos, rule) is a form of government in which all the citizens contribute to the decision making process. ...
Anthropologists such as Sumit Guha suggest that the Apatani have good oral accounts of the political history of the region. One of their oral accounts speak of their migration from the extreme north of Subansiri and Siang areas following the rivers of Kurung and Kiimey. These oral accounts are often presented in the form of folk tales such as the Miji and Migung. The Miji is a collection of religious chants performed by priests who preside over the sacrifices of mithuns, cows, chickens and pigs. A religious song, which is sung from one to twelve hours, accompanies all these ritual performances which describe the previous interactions with the spirits or gods, locally known as ui, the content of which explains the origin of the myths. On the other hand, the Migung is more realistic, since it is narrated in prose, and that the stories within it explain the origins of the Apatani people, who trace their genealogical links to other tribes of Tibet. Arunachal Pradesh (Hindi: AruṇÄcal PradeÅ›, Chinese: è—å— Zangnan) is a state of India. ...
The Kulin alliance is one of the Indigenous Australian nations of Australia who lived in central Victoria, Australia, around Port Phillip and Western Port, up into the Great Dividing Range and the Loddon and Goulburn River valleys. ...
Binomial name Bos gaurus H. Smith, 1827 The Gaur (Bos gaurus, previously Bibos gauris) is a large, dark-coated ox of the hilly areas of South Asia and Southeast Asia, which may be found wild or domesticated. ...
This article is becoming very long. ...
These folk tales include legendary places, and also recent events, such as the downfall of a 19th-century never-do-well. In these two folk tales, both the ritual chants and the prose narrations speak of Abotani, who is reputed to be the original ancestor of the Apatani and the other tribes in central Arunachal Pradesh. These tribes encompass the Tani group. Arunachal Pradesh (Hindi: AruṇÄcal PradeÅ›, Chinese: è—å— Zangnan) is a state of India. ...
The first contact with the Europeans occurred in 1897, when British officials came to stay in the valley for two days; six similar brief visits were later held between the 1920s and 1930s. In 1944, after a temporary government outpost was set up by an anthropologist-administrator, the Apatani came in contact with minimal government presence for the first time. When a second but permanent outpost was constructed by the Assam Rifles in 1948, stationed there to protect the land, the Apatanis attacked. The officer in charge retaliated by burning two of their villages. 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...
1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1944 calendar). ...
Assam Rifles is an Indian paramilitary unit. ...
Religion
 The heads of sacrified animals hanging over the grave of an Apatani man in Ziro. Sacrifice of the animals and special rites are performed on death of near ones. Most Apatanis are loyal followers of the Donyi-Polo faith, who pray to an array of spirits and souls for blessing. Abotani is revered as the sole ancestor of all Apatani and other Animist tribes in the surrounding regions. When a misfortune occurs, they believe that it is caused by certain spirits, and thus they make appeasement sacrifices of chickens and cows. Myoko, the main agricultural festival of the Apatanis, is celebrated in a grand manner lasting an entire month from February to March each year. Image File history File linksMetadata Sacrificed_animal_skulls_on_apatani_grave. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Sacrificed_animal_skulls_on_apatani_grave. ...
Ziro is a province of Burkina Faso. ...
Donyi-Polo is a religion in Arunachal Pradesh, followed by the tribes of Arunachal Pradesh. ...
There are currently a considerable group of about 1,000 Apatanis who have converted to Christianity, following missionary work done by Mizos in recent years. They are sometimes considered socially inferior by the more orthodox Apatanis, as the Apatanis tend to look down on those who follow another religion. This article is becoming very long. ...
The Mizos are a scheduled tribe in northeastern India, primarily in the state of Mizoram, where they are a majority. ...
The ongoing conversion in Ziro has led to the formation of a self-preservation organization among the older generation Apatanis, known as Danyii Piillo Meder Nello. This organization, located at Hari Lemba, Ziro, stands to give a properly organized form to the traditional beliefs and values, and to protect the locals against unquestioned and thoughtless conversion to foreign religions.
Some criticize the organization's use of symbolic representation of Donyi and Polo as a form of idolatry. They claim the organization is being backed by Hindu organizations and is taking the form of a Hindu sub-religion. Their argument is that the Apatanis have never worshipped idols. This criticism comes predominantly from Christians. It is important to note that the traditional Apatanis are not Christians and therefore idolatry means nothing to them. Idolatry is a major sin in the Abrahamic religions regarding image. ...
Hinduism (Sanskrit: , , also known as , ) is a religion that originated on the Indian subcontinent. ...
Dress
 An Apatani woman with a basket going to field The dress of the Apatanis is elaborate and colorful, yet simple in style. Tattooing and the stuffing of large nose plugs were once popular among the women, although this practice has gradually fallen into decline in recent years. Originally, this practice started because the women wanted to look unattractive to males from neighboring tribes. Apatani women were considered to be the most beautiful among all the Arunachal tribes.[citation needed] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (533x720, 384 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Apa Tani Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (533x720, 384 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Apa Tani Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to...
A tattoo is a mark made by inserting pigment into the skin; in technical terms, tattooing is micro-pigment implantation. ...
Traditionally, the men tie their hair in a knot just above the forehead using a brass rod measuring 12 inches and placed horizontally. Strips of fine cane belt painted in red, and bent into the shape of a horse-collar with an elongated end, were also worn.
These strips of cane are loosely fastened together, with the loop of the horse-collar being tied round the waist. The men also tattoo their chin, in a horizontal line drawn across the under lip. Straight lines are also drawn downwards right up to the bottom of the chin.
The women tattoo themselves with broad blue lines from the top of the forehead to the tip of the nose, and from the lower lip to the forehead of the chin. The women bundle up their tresses, which are rolled into two balls on the top of the head. A brass skewer is then inserted horizontally.
Customs and lifestyle Apatanis trace their descent patrilineally. While the status of men is considered higher than that of women, the sexes may share responsibilities in the house and the family. Patrilineality is a system in which one belongs to ones fathers lineage; it generally involves the inheritance of property, names or titles through the male line as well. ...
Apatani women carry out the household chores of gathering both wild and kitchen garden vegetables, cooking, fetching of water, pounding of rice, cleaning of houses, washing of clothes and utensils, nursing, looking after infants and children, preparation of the tsampa, ginning and spinning of cotton and other jobs associated with the household. In the field, the Apatani woman carries out the tasks that include gardening, seeding, transplanting of paddy and millet, padding, weeding of fields and other activities. In a home, the internal family income is controlled by a woman. Tsampa (Tibetan: rtsam pa) is a Tibetan staple foodstuff, particularly prominent in the central part of the country. ...
The Apatanis had a custom of owning slaves, mainly children, who could come either from their own tribe or from other, neighbouring tribes. Unlike most slaves, the Apatani slaves were treated in a relatively civilised manner, as many of them were young children. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
Their wet rice cultivation system and their agriculture system are extensive even without the use of any farm animals or machines. UNESCO is considering the Apatani valley to be declared a World Heritage Site for its "extremely high productivity" and "unique" way of preserving the ecology.[1] In July, the harvest festival of Dree is celebrated with the harvest dance Pakhu-Itu.[2] UNESCO logo UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ...
A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State...
The Apatani today A lot of the information regarding the Apatani tribe currently available in books or on the Internet is known to be fairly outdated. They are generally based on observations made by Professor Christopher von Furer-Haimendorf in the 1940s. The Apatani have shown an impressive rate of progress since their first contact with the modern world however, and are sometimes dubbed "Japatani" by their neighboring tribes, presumably as an allusion to the fast-paced technological evolution of Japan.[citation needed]
The Apatani have given up most of their tribal ways and have incorporated ways of the modern world. Many of them are high-level Government employees, doctors and engineers. Of late, several teenagers have even been influenced by American culture, and are now Baptists. A Baptist is a member of a Baptist church or any follower of Jesus Christ who believes that baptism is administered by the full immersion of a confessing Christian. ...
The last of the generation that still maintains some of the traditional practices consists of individuals of about 45-80 years of age. One can see syncretic traditional practices in the society today, but that is quickly being lost. Most children born to Apa Tani parents are unable to speak Apa Tani; instead using Hindi and English as their main form of communication. Hindi (हिनà¥à¤¦à¥€ or हिंदी in Devanagari; pronunciation: ), an Indo-European language spoken mainly in northern and central India, is the official language of the Union government of India [1][2]. It is part of a dialect continuum of the Indic family, bounded on the northwest and west by Punjabi, Sindhi, Urdu, and...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
References This article deals with The Daily Telegraph in Britain, see The Daily Telegraph (Australia) for the Australian publication The Daily Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper founded in 1855. ...
June 17 is the 168th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (169th in leap years), with 197 days remaining. ...
2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
October 21 is the 294th day of the year (295th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 71 days remaining. ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
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