NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Apache HTTP server

The Apache HTTP Server, commonly referred to simply as Apache, is a web server notable for playing a key role in the initial growth of the World Wide Web. Apache was the first viable alternative to the Netscape Communications Corporation web server (currently known as Sun Java System Web Server), and has since evolved to rival other Unix-based web servers in terms of functionality and performance. Since April 1996 Apache has been the most popular HTTP server on the World Wide Web; since March 2006 however it has experienced a steady decline of its market share,^[1] lost mostly against Microsoft Internet Information Services and the .NET platform. As of September 2007 Apache served 50% of all websites.^[2] Logo for the Apache HTTPD Server Project . File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Software development is the translation of a user need or marketing goal into a software product. ... Apache Software Foundation Logo The Apache Software Foundation (ASF) is a non-profit corporation (classified as 501(c)(3) in the United States) to support Apache software projects, including the Apache HTTP Server. ... A software release is the distribution, whether public or private, of an initial or new and upgraded version of a computer software product. ... is the 249th day of the year (250th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... // An operating system (OS) is the software that manages the sharing of the resources of a computer. ... A cross-platform (or platform independent) programming language, software application or hardware device works on more than one system platform (e. ... Computer software can be organized into categories based on common function, type, or field of use. ... The inside/front of a Dell PowerEdge web server The term Web server can mean one of two things: A computer program that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from clients, which are known as Web browsers, and serving them HTTP responses along with optional data contents, which usually are... A software license is a legal agreement which may take the form of a proprietary or gratuitous license as well as a memorandum of contract between a producer and a user of computer software. ... The Apache License (Apache Software License previous to version 2. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos and other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... The inside/front of a Dell PowerEdge web server The term Web server can mean one of two things: A computer program that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from clients, which are known as Web browsers, and serving them HTTP responses along with optional data contents, which usually are... WWWs historical logo designed by Robert Cailliau The World Wide Web (commonly shortened to the Web) is a system of interlinked, hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. ... Netscape Communications Corporation was the publisher of the Netscape Navigator web browser as well as many other internet and intranet client and server software products. ... Sun Javaâ„¢ System Web Server (formerly Sun ONE Web Server, before that iPlanet Web Server, and before that Netscape Enterprise Server) is a web server designed for medium and large business applications. ... WWWs historical logo designed by Robert Cailliau The World Wide Web (commonly shortened to the Web) is a system of interlinked, hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos and other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML...

The project's name was chosen for two reasons:^[3] out of respect for the Native American Indian tribe of Apache (Indé), well-known for their endurance and their skills in warfare,^[4] and due to the project's roots as a set of patches to the codebase of NCSA HTTPd 1.3 - making it "a patchy" server.^[5] For other uses, see Apache (disambiguation). ... A software release is to create a new version of the system or program and release it to the user community. ...

Apache is developed and maintained by an open community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation. The application is available for a wide variety of operating systems including Microsoft Windows, Novell NetWare and Unix-like operating systems such as Linux and Mac OS X. Released under the Apache License, Apache is free software / open source software. Apache Software Foundation Logo The Apache Software Foundation (ASF) is a non-profit corporation (classified as 501(c)(3) in the United States) to support Apache software projects, including the Apache HTTP Server. ... // An operating system (OS) is the software that manages the sharing of the resources of a computer. ... Windows redirects here. ... NetWare is a network operating system developed by Novell, Inc. ... Diagram of the relationships between several Unix-like systems A Unix-like operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, while not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. ... This article is about operating systems that use the Linux kernel. ... Mac OS X (IPA: ) is a line of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc. ... The Apache License (Apache Software License previous to version 2. ... This article is about free software as used in the sociopolitical free software movement; for non-free software distributed without charge, see freeware. ... ...

History

The first version of the Apache web server was created by Robert McCool, who was heavily involved with the National Center for Supercomputing Applications web server, known simply as NCSA HTTPd. When Rob left NCSA in mid-1994, the development of httpd stalled, leaving a variety of patches for improvements circulating through e-mails. Robert M. McCool (born 1973), more commonly known as Rob McCool, is a software developer and architect. ... National Center for Supercomputing Applications NCSA Building, 1205 W. Clark St. ... The NCSA HTTPd was a web server originally developed at the NCSA by Robert McCool and a list of others. ...

Rob McCool was not alone in his efforts. Several other developers helped form the original "Apache Group": Brian Behlendorf, Roy T. Fielding, Rob Hartill, David Robinson, Cliff Skol nick, Randy Terbush, Robert S. Thau, Andrew Wilson, Eric Hagberg, Frank Peters, and Nicolas Pioch. Brian Behlendorf (Born March 30, 1973) is one of the most respected leaders of the international open-source software movement. ... Roy T. Fielding (born 1965) is one of the principal authors of the HTTP specification and a frequently-cited authority on computer network architecture. ... Robert Hartill (Born January 30, 1969), in Pontypridd, Wales. ...

Version 2 of the Apache server was a substantial re-write of much of the Apache 1.x code, with a strong focus on further modularization and the development of a portability layer, the Apache Portable Runtime. The Apache 2.x core has several major enhancements over Apache 1.x. These include UNIX threading, better support for non-Unix platforms (such as Microsoft Windows), a new Apache API, and IPv6 support.^[6] The first alpha release of Apache 2 was in March 2000, with the first general availability release on 6 April 2002.^[7] The Apache Portable Runtime (APR) is a supporting library for the Apache web server. ... For the form of code consisting entirely of subroutine calls, see Threaded code. ... API and Api redirect here. ... Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is a network layer protocol for packet-switched internetworks. ... Software development stages In computer programming, development stage terminology expresses how the development of a piece of software has progressed and how much further development it may require. ... Sometimes called the GA release, the term refers to the distribution of a software application for purchase and/or use by end users. ... is the 95th day of the year (96th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ...

Version 2.2 introduced a new authorization API that allows for more flexibility. It also features improved cache modules and proxy modules.^[8]

Features

Apache supports a variety of features, many implemented as compiled modules which extend the core functionality. These can range from server-side programming language support to authentication schemes. Some common language interfaces support mod_perl, mod_python, Tcl, and PHP. Popular authentication modules include mod_access, mod_auth, and mod_digest. A sample of other features include SSL and TLS support (mod_ssl), a proxy module, a useful URL rewriter (also known as a rewrite engine, implemented under mod_rewrite), custom log files (mod_log_config), and filtering support (mod_include and mod_ext_filter). Apache logs can be analyzed through a web browser using free scripts such as AWStats/W3Perl or Visitors. mod_perl is an optional module for the Apache web server. ... mod_python is an Apache HTTP Server module that integrates the Python programming language into the Apache server. ... Tcl (originally from Tool Command Language, but nonetheless conventionally rendered as Tcl rather than TCL; and pronounced tickle) is a scripting language created by John Ousterhout. ... For other uses, see PHP (disambiguation). ... Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS), its successor, are cryptographic protocols which provide secure communications on the Internet. ... Transport Layer Security (TLS) and its predecessor, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), are cryptographic protocols that provide secure communications on the Internet for such things as web browsing, e-mail, Internet faxing, instant messaging and other data transfers. ... In computer networks, a proxy server is a server (a computer system or an application program) which services the requests of its clients by forwarding requests to other servers. ... A rewrite engine is a piece of web server software used to modify URLs before fetching the requested item, for a variety of purposes. ... AWStats is an open source, log file parser and analyzer, suitable for analyzing web server, streaming server, mail server and ftp server log files, and displaying the analysis results in a graphical manner. ... W3Perl is a free logfile analyser, which can parse Web/FTP/RealServer or Squid files. ... Visitors is a minimalistic HTTP server log analysis program written in C. It does not require any configuration or write access to the filesystem. ...

Virtual hosting allows one Apache installation to serve many different actual websites. For example, one machine, with one Apache installation could simultaneously serve www.example.com, www.test.com, test47.test-server.test.com, etc. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into shared web hosting service. ...

Apache features configurable error messages, DBMS-based authentication databases, and content negotiation. It is also supported by several graphical user interfaces (GUIs) which permit easier, more intuitive configuration of the server. A database management system (DBMS) is computer software designed for the purpose of managing databases. ... Content negotiation is a mechanism defined in the HTTP specification that makes it possible to serve different versions of a document (or more generally, a resource) at the same URL, so that user agents can choose which version fit their capabilities the best. ... â€œGUIâ€ redirects here. ...

Usage

Apache is primarily used to serve both static content and dynamic Web pages on the World Wide Web. Many web applications are designed expecting the environment and features that Apache provides. In classical hypertext navigation occurs among static documents, and, for web users, this experience is reproduced using static web pages. ... In software engineering, a web application is an application delivered to users from a web server over a network such as the World Wide Web or an intranet. ...

Apache is the web server component of the popular XAMPP web server application stack, alongside MySQL, and the PHP/Perl/Python programming languages. XAMPP is a free, cross-platform web server, consisting mainly of the Apache HTTP Server, MySQL database, and interpreters for scripts written in the PHP and Perl programming languages. ... MySQL (pronounced (IPA) , my S-Q-L) is a multithreaded, multi-user SQL database management system (DBMS)[1] which has, according to MySQL AB, more than 10 million installations. ... For other uses, see PHP (disambiguation). ... Wikibooks has a book on the topic of Perl Programming Perl is a dynamic programming language created by Larry Wall and first released in 1987. ... Python is a high-level programming language first released by Guido van Rossum in 1991. ...

Apache is redistributed as part of various proprietary software packages including the Oracle RDBMS or the IBM WebSphere application server. Mac OS X integrates Apache as its built-in web server and as support for its WebObjects application server. It is also supported in some way by Borland in the Kylix and Delphi development tools. Apache is included with Novell NetWare 6.5, where it is the default web server. An Oracle database, strictly speaking, is a collection of data managed by an Oracle database management system or DBMS. The term Oracle database is sometimes imprecisely used to refer to the DBMS software itself. ... WebSphere refers to a brand of IBM software products that are mostly proprietary[1], although the term also popularly refers to one specific product: WebSphere Application Server (WAS). ... An application server is a software engine that delivers applications to client computers or devices. ... WebObjects is a Java Web application server by Apple Computer. ... Borland Software Corporation is a software company headquartered in Austin, Texas. ... Kylix is a Linux version of the Borland Corporations Delphi and C++ Builder development environments for Microsoft Windows. ... Delphi has been released in many versions, including older versions which have been released in magazines for non-profit application use For the language Borland Delphi is programmed in, see Object Pascal. ...

Apache is used for many other tasks where content needs to be made available in a secure and reliable way. One example is sharing files from a personal computer over the Internet. A user who has Apache installed on their desktop can put arbitrary files in the Apache's document root which can then be shared.

Programmers developing web applications often use a locally installed version of Apache in order to preview and test code as it is being developed.

Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) is the main competitor to Apache, trailed by Sun Microsystems' Sun Java System Web Server and a host of other applications such as Zeus Web Server. Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS; sometimes, erroneously called Server or System) is a set of Internet-based services for servers using Microsoft Windows. ... Sun Microsystems, Inc. ... Sun Javaâ„¢ System Web Server (formerly Sun ONE Web Server, before that iPlanet Web Server, and before that Netscape Enterprise Server) is a web server designed for medium and large business applications. ... Zeus Web Server is a high-performance web server for Unix and Unix-like platforms. ...

License

The software license under which software from the Apache Foundation is distributed is a distinctive part of the Apache HTTP Server's history and presence in the open source software community. The Apache License allows for the distribution of both open and closed source derivations of the source code. The Apache License (Apache Software License previous to version 2. ... A software license is a legal agreement which may take the form of a proprietary or gratuitous license as well as a memorandum of contract between a producer and a user of computer software. ... The text below is generated by a template, which has been proposed for deletion. ... In software engineering, a project fork or branch happens when a developer (or a group of them) takes a copy of source code from one software package and starts to independently develop a new package. ...

The Free Software Foundation does not consider the Apache License to be compatible with version 2 of the GNU General Public License (GPL) in that software licensed under the Apache License cannot be integrated with software that is distributed under the GPL: The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a non-profit corporation founded in October 1985 by Richard Stallman to support the free software movement (free as in freedom), and in particular the GNU project. ... The GNU logo The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or simply GPL) is a widely-used free software license, originally written by Richard Stallman for the GNU project. ...

However, version 3 of the GPL includes a provision (Section 7e) which allows it to be compatible with licenses that have patent retaliation clauses, including the Apache License.

The name Apache is a registered trademark and may only be used with the trademark holder's express permission.^[9] â€œ(TM)â€ redirects here. ...

See also

Image File history File links Free_Software_Portal_Logo. ... This article is a comparison of Web servers. ... .htaccess (Hypertext Access) is the default name of Apaches directory-level configuration file. ... Stronghold was a commercial version of Apache Web Server, which included the Secure Socket Layer software to enable https. ... ApacheBench is a command line computer program for measuring the performance of HTTP web servers, in particular the Apache HTTP Server. ... Portable Open Source Security Elements, or POSSE, was a co-operative venture among the University of Pennsylvania Distributed Systems Laboratory, the OpenBSD project, and others, to provide increased security for Open Source projects such as OpenBSD, OpenSSL, and others. ...

References

External links

Categories: Unix software | Apache Software Foundation | Free web server software Apache Software Foundation Logo The Apache Software Foundation (ASF) is a non-profit corporation (classified as 501(c)(3) in the United States) to support Apache software projects, including the Apache HTTP Server. ... Apache ActiveMQ is an open source (Apache 2. ... Apache Ant is a software tool for automating software build processes. ... The Apache Portable Runtime (APR) is a supporting library for the Apache web server. ... Apache Beehive is a Java Application Framework designed to make the development of Java EE based applications quicker and easier. ... Apache Camel is a powerful rule based routing and mediation engine which provides a POJO based implementation of the Enterprise Integration Patterns using an extremely powerful fluent API (or declarative Java Domain Specific Language) to configure routing and mediation rules. ... Apache Cayenne is an open source persistence framework licensed under the Apache License, providing object-relational mapping (ORM) and remoting services. ... Apache Cocoon, often just called Cocoon, is a web development framework built around the concepts of separation of concerns and component-based web development. ... The Apache Commons is a project of the Apache Software Foundation, formerly under the Jakarta Project. ... The Apache Directory Server is an open source project of the Apache Software Foundation. ... The Apache Excalibur project produces a set of libraries for component based programming in the Java language. ... Felix is an open source implementation of the Open Services Gateway Initiative (OSGi) Release 4 framework. ... Apache Forrest is a web-publishing framework based on Apache Cocoon. ... The Geronimo project is a free software application server developed by the Apache Software Foundation and distributed under the Apache license. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... Apache Harmony is an open source implementation of Java, starting with Java SE 5. ... Hivemind is a computer software framework, written in Java. ... iBATIS is a persistence framework which enables mapping sql queries to POJOs (Plain Old Java Objects). ... The Jackrabbit Project has been formed to develop an open source implementation of the Content Repository for Java Technology API (JCR), being specified within the Java Community Process as JSR-170. ... The Apache Java Enterprise Mail Server (a. ... Apache Lenya is a Java/XML open-source content management system based on the Apache Cocoon content management framework. ... For other uses of the word Maven see: Maven (disambiguation) Maven is a software tool for Java programming language project management and automated software build. ... mod_perl is an optional module for the Apache web server. ... Apache MyFaces is an open-source JavaServer Faces implementation developed by the Apache Software Foundation. ... Apache Open For Business (Apache OFBiz) is Open Source automation software that is an Apache Top Level Project. ... OpenEJB is an open source, modular, configurable, and extendable EJB Container System and EJB Server, released under the Apache 2. ... OpenJPA is an open source implementation of the Java Persistence API specification. ... POI, a sub-project of the Apache Jakarta Project, provides pure Java libraries for reading and writing files in Microsoft Office formats, such as Word and Excel. ... Roller Weblogger is a Java-based, full-featured, Multi-blog, Multi-user, Open Source weblog server. ... Shale is a web application framework maintained by the Apache Software Foundation. ... SpamAssassin is a computer program released freely under the Apache License 2. ... For the part of a car, see strut or suspension (vehicle). ... Tapestry is a Java-based programming toolkit that uses XML to implement applications in accordance with the model-view-controller design pattern. ... Apache Tomcat is a web container, or application server developed at the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). ... This article is about Velocity as template engine. ... WebWork is a Java web-application development framework developed by OpenSymphony. ... Wicket is a web application framework for the Java programming language that reached version 1. ... XMLBeans is a Java-to-XML binding framework which is part of the Apache Software Foundation XML project. ... The Jakarta Project creates and maintains open source software for the Java platform. ... The Byte Code Engineering Library (BCEL) is a project sponsored by the Apache Foundation under their Jakarta charter to provide a simple API for decomposing, modifying, and recomposing binary Java classes (I.e. ... The Bean Scripting Framework is a method of allowing the use of scripting in Java code. ... Cactus is a simple test framework for unit testing server-side java code (Servlets, EJBs, Tag libs, ...) from the Jakarta Project. ... JMeter is an Apache Jakarta project that can be used as a load testing tool for analyzing and measuring the performance of a variety of services, with a focus on web applications. ... Slide is an open-source content management system from the Jakarta project. ... Apache Axis is an open source, XML based Web service framework. ... Apache Axis2 is the core engine for Web services. ... Apache Tuscany provides a SOA infrastructure and programming model that enables uniform access to services implemented in heterogeneous technologies, uniform processing model for service data exchanged across service networks and enables uniform access to data residing in heterogeneous data sources (RDB, XML, ...). Apache Tuscany achieves this by providing implementations for... The Web Services Invocation Framework (WSIF) follows the semantics of WSDL as much as possible. ... Apache Derby is a Java-based Relational Database Management System that can be embedded in Java programs and used for online transaction processing (OLTP). ... Lucene is a free open source, information retrieval API originally implemented in Java by Doug Cutting. ... Lucene is a free/open source information retrieval library, originally implemented in Java by Doug Cutting. ... Nutch is an effort to build an open source search engine. ... Hadoop is a collection of Free Java software previously developed by the Nutch project but now maintainted by Lucene[1]. The system includes a distributed filesystem reminiscent of GoogleFS named the Hadoop Distributed File System (or just DFS[1]), a clone of MapReduce called HadoopMapReduce[2] and a few other... Solr is an open source enterprise search server based on the Lucene Java search library, with XML/HTTP and JSON APIs, hit highlighting, faceted search, caching, replication, and a web administration interface. ... The Apache XML project is part of the Apache Software Foundation and focus on XML-related projects. ... AxKit is an XML publishing framework run by the Apache foundation written in Perl AxKit. ... Xalan is a popular open source software library from the Apache Software Foundation, originally created by IBM under the name LotusXSL, that implements the XSLT XML transformation language and the XPath XML query language. ... Xerces is a family of software packages for parsing and manipulating XML, part of the Apache XML project. ... Batik is a pure-Java library that can be used to render, generate, and manipulate SVG graphics. ... FOP (Formatting Objects Processor) is an XSL-FO processor written in Java, which provides the feature to convert XSL-FO files to PDF or direct-printable-files. ... log4j is a Java-based logging utility. ... Apache Incubator is the gateway for projects hoping to become fully fledged Apache Software Foundation projects. ... XAP (eXtensible Ajax Platform) is an XML-based declarative framework for building interactive Ajax web applications. ... Jini (pronounced like genie and also called Apache River) is a network architecture for the construction of distributed systems in the form of modular co-operating services. ... Apache ServiceMix is an open source distributed enterprise service bus (ESB) and service-oriented architecture (SOA) toolkit. ... Apache Tuscany provides a SOA infrastructure and programming model that enables uniform access to services implemented in heterogeneous technologies, uniform processing model for service data exchanged across service networks and enables uniform access to data residing in heterogeneous data sources (RDB, XML, ...). Apache Tuscany achieves this by providing implementations for... log4net is a port of the log4j logging framework to the Microsoft . ... Abdera is an implementation of the IETF Atom Syndication Format and Atom Publishing Protocol Proposed Standards. ... Apache Ivy is a transitive dependency manager currently being developed in the Apache Incubator. ... CXF is an open-source Web Services frameworks developed by the Apache Software Foundation. ... The Apache License (Apache Software License previous to version 2. ...