Eastern honey bee
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Hymenoptera Suborder: Apocrita Family: Apidae Subfamily: Apinae Genus: Apis Subgenus: (Apis) Species: A. cerana
Binomial name
Apis cerana Fabricius, 1793

Apis cerana, or the Asiatic honey bee (or the Eastern honey bee), are small honey bees of southern and southeastern Asia, such as China, India, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Bangladesh and Papua New Guinea. This species is the sister species of Apis koschevnikovi, and both are in the same subgenus as the Western (European) honey bee, Apis mellifera. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 470 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (892 × 1137 pixel, file size: 235 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Apis mellifera File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Subphyla and Classes Subphylum Trilobitomorpha Trilobita - trilobites (extinct) Subphylum Chelicerata Arachnida - spiders,scorpions, etc. ... Orders Subclass Apterygota Archaeognatha (bristletails) Thysanura (silverfish) Subclass Pterygota Infraclass Paleoptera (Probably paraphyletic) Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) Infraclass Neoptera Superorder Exopterygota Grylloblattodea (ice-crawlers) Mantophasmatodea (gladiators) Plecoptera (stoneflies) Embioptera (webspinners) Zoraptera (angel insects) Dermaptera (earwigs) Orthoptera (grasshoppers, etc) Phasmatodea (stick insects) Blattodea (cockroaches) Isoptera (termites) Mantodea (mantids) Psocoptera... Suborders Apocrita Symphyta Hymenoptera is one of the larger orders of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. ... Superfamilies Apoidea Ceraphronoidea Chalcidoidea Chrysidoidea Cynipoidea Evanioidea Ichneumonoidea Megalyroidea Proctotrupoidea Sphecoidea Stephanoidea Triganalyoidea Vespoidea Many families, see article Apocrita is a suborder of insects in the order Hymenoptera. ... Subfamilies Apinae - Honeybees Bombinae - Bumblebees Euglossinae - Orchid bees Meliponinae - Stingless bees Nomadinae Xylocopinae - Carpenter bees The Apidae are a large family of bees, comprising the common honeybees, stingless bees (which are also cultured for honey), carpenter bees, and bumblebees. ... Tribes Ancylini Anthophorini Apini Bombini Centridini Ctenoplectrini Emphorini Ericrocidini Eucerini Euglossini Exomalopsini Isepeolini Melectini Meliponini Osirini Protepeolini Rhathymini Tapinotaspidini Tetrapediini The Apinae is the subfamily that includes the majority of bees in the family Apidae, including the familiar corbiculate bees (honeybees, stingless bees, orchid bees, and bumblebees), plus all the... Apis Species Categories: Stub | Insects ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Johann Christian Fabricius. ... Year 1793 (MDCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... The honeybee is a colonial insect that is often maintained, fed, and transported by farmers. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... This cladogram shows the relationship among various insect groups. ... Binomial name Apis koschevnikovi Enderlein, 1906 Koschevnikovs Bee, or Apis koschevnikovi, is a species of honeybee which inhabits Malaysian and Indonesian Borneo, where it lives conspecifically with other honeybee species such as Apis cerana (specifically A. c. ... Binomial name Apis mellifera The species called Western honeybees (Apis mellifera) are honeybees comprised of several subspecies or races. ...

In the wild, they prefer to nest in small spaces, such as hollowed out tree trunks. Like the Western honey bee, they are sometimes domesticated and used in apiculture, mostly in wooden boxes with fixed frames. Their size is similar or somewhat smaller than Apis mellifera, and they also have a more prominent abdominal stripes. Their honey yield is smaller, because they form smaller colonies. In folk medicine, their beeswax is used to treat and heal wounds. Beekeeping, tacuinum sanitatis casanatensis (XIV century) Beekeeping (or apiculture, from Latin apis, a bee) is the practice of intentional maintenance of honey bee colonies, commonly in hives, by humans. ... For other uses, see Honey (disambiguation). ... A traditional healer in Côte dIvoire Folk medicine refers collectively to procedures traditionally used for treatment of illness and injury, aid to childbirth, and maintenance of wellness. ... For the rock song by Nirvana, see Beeswax (song). ... Apitherapy is the medical use of honeybee products. ...

Apis cerana is the natural host to the mite Varroa jacobsoni and the parasite Nosema ceranae, both serious pests of the Western honey bee. ^[1] Having coevolved with these parasites, A. cerana exhibits more careful grooming than A. mellifera, and thus has an effective defense mechanism against Varroa that keeps the mite from devastating colonies. Other than defensive behaviors such as these, much of their behavior and biology (at least in the wild) is very similar to that of A. mellifera. Look up mite in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Binomial name Varroa destructor Varroa destructor is an external parasitic mite that attacks honey bees Apis cerana and Apis mellifera, the bumblebee Bombus pennsylvanicus, the scarab beetle Palpada vinetorum and the flower-fly Phanaeus vindex. ... Binomial name Fries et al. ... Larval form of some beetle is damaging specimen of Sceliphron destillatorius in entomogical collection. ... Bumblebees and the flowers they pollinate co-evolve so that the flower is dependent on the bee and the bee is dependent on the flower for survival In Biology, Co-evolution is the mutual evolutionary influence between two species that become dependent on each other. ... In social animals and humans social grooming is a major social activity, and a means by which animals who live in proximity can bond and reinforce social structures, family links, and build relationships. ...

• Thermal defense: When an Apis cerana hive is invaded by the Japanese giant hornet (Vespa mandarinia), about 500 Japanese honey bees (A. cerana japonica) surround the hornet and vibrate their flight muscles until the temperature is raised to 47°C (117°F), heating the hornet to death, but keeping the temperature still under their own lethal limit (48-50°C). European honey bees (A. mellifera) lack this behavior.

Differences in the wing structure :
left Apis mellifera, right Apis cerana

Binomial name Smith, 1852 For general information see hornet, and the related European hornet. ... Image File history File links Bee_wings_comparison. ... Image File history File links Bee_wings_comparison. ...

Subspecies

(following Engel, 1999). Michael S. Engel (born 24 September 1971 in Creve Coeur, Missouri) is a paleontologist and entomologist. ...

• Apis cerana cerana Fabricius ( = "sinensis") - Afghanistan, Pakistan, north India, China and north Vietnam
• Apis cerana heimifeng Engel
• Apis cerana indica - Fabricius South India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Burma, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines
• Apis cerana japonica Fabricius - Japan
• Apis cerana javana Enderlein
• Apis cerana johni Skorikov
• Apis cerana nuluensis Tingek, Koeniger and Koeniger
• Apis cerana skorikovi Engel ( = "himalaya") - Central and east Himalayan mountains (Ruttner, 1987)

Günther Enderlein (born 7 July 1872 in Leipzig; died 11 August 1968 in Wentdorf near Hamburg) was a German zoologist, entomologist and later a manufacturer of pharmaceutical products near Hamburg. ... Trinomial name Apis cerana nuluensis Tingek, Koeniger & Koeniger, 1996 Apis cerana nuluensis is a subspecies of honey bee described in 1996 by Tingek, Koeniger & Koeniger. ... Perspective view of the Himalaya and Mount Everest as seen from space looking south-south-east from over the Tibetan Plateau. ...

Sources

Apis cerana from India

• BIODIVERSITY OF HONEYBEES, M.R.Srinivasan, Department of Agricultural Entomology - Tamil Nadu Agricultural University accessed Oct 2005
• Engel, M.S. (1999) The taxonomy of recent and fossil honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apis). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 8: 165-196.

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Michael S. Engel (born 24 September 1971 in Creve Coeur, Missouri) is a paleontologist and entomologist. ...

External link

• Photos of Apis cerana
• Apis cerana' "cooking" a hornet to death - Video

References