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Encyclopedia > Apocalypse
St. John at Patmos: the receiving of an apocalyptic vision.
St. John at Patmos: the receiving of an apocalyptic vision.

Apocalypse (Greek: Ἀποκάλυψις Apokálypsis; "lifting of the veil"), is a term applied to the disclosure to certain privileged persons of something hidden from the majority of humankind. Today the term is often used to refer to the end of the world, which may be a shortening of the phrase apokalupsis eschaton which literally means "revelation at the end of the æon, or age". Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1316x1174, 586 KB) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1316x1174, 586 KB) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Look up Apocalypse, apocalypse in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The mushroom cloud of the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, Japan, 1945, rose some 18 km (11 mi) above the hypocenter. ...

Contents

Origins

Apocalypse technically refers to a revelation of God's Will (The Bible), not to some knowledge that is or will remain hidden or unknowable.[citation needed] Thus, in Revelation, we see a clear pattern of future events: the various periods of the true church, shown through the letters to the seven churches in this age, which age ends in apostasy; the throne of God in Heaven and His Glory; the judgments that will occur on the earth; the final form of gentile power; God' re-dealing with the nation Israel [1] based upon covenants mentioned in the Old Testament; the second coming proper; the one-thousand year reign of Messiah; the last test of Mankind's sinful nature under ideal conditions by the loosing of Satan, with the judgment of fire coming down from Heaven that follows; the Great White Throne Judgment, and the destruction of the current heavens and the earth, to be recreated as a "New Heaven and New Earth" [2] [3] [4], ushering in the beginning of Eternity. For other uses, see Apostasy (disambiguation). ... The word gentile is an anglicised version of the Latin word gentilis, meaning of or belonging to a clan or tribe. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      This article... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Note: Judaism... For other uses, see Second Coming (disambiguation). ... This article is about the concept of Satan. ... The Christian Last Judgment when all people will stand in judgment before Jesus Christ and a verdict of their salvation will be made. ...


Terminology

Apocalypse, in the terminology of early Jewish and Christian literature, is a revelation of hidden things revealed by God to a chosen prophet or apostle. The term is often used to describe the written account of such a revelation. Apocalyptic literature is of considerable importance in the history of the Judeo-Christian-Islamic beliefs and traditions, because it makes specific references to beliefs such as the resurrection of the dead, judgment day, eternal life, final judgment and perdition. Apocalyptic beliefs predate Christianity, appear throughout other religions, and have been assimilated into contemporary secular society, especially through popular culture (see Apocalypticism). Apocalyptic beliefs also occur in other religious systems, for example, the Hindu concept of pralay. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Topics in Christianity Preaching Prayer Ecumenism Relation to other religions Movements Music Liturgy Calendar Symbols Art Criticism Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... This article is about the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Topics in Christianity Preaching Prayer Ecumenism Relation to other religions Movements Music Liturgy Calendar Symbols Art Criticism Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... Islam (Arabic: ; ( â–¶ (help· info)), the submission to God) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions and the worlds second-largest religion. ... Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all variously describe a resurrection of the dead, usually a resurrection of all people to face God on Judgment Day. ... This article or section should be merged with End times and Last judgment The Last Judgement - Tympanum sculpture at the Abbey Church of Ste-Foy, Conques-en-Rouergue, France In Christian eschatology, the Last Judgement is the ethical-judicial trial, judgement, and punishment/reward of individual humans (assignment to heaven... Immortality is the concept of existing for a potentially infinite or indeterminate length of time. ... Judgment Day redirects here. ... Medieval illustration of the Mouth of Hell Hell is, according to many religious beliefs about the afterlife, a place of torment, of great weeping and gnashing of teeth. ... Topics in Christianity Preaching Prayer Ecumenism Relation to other religions Movements Music Liturgy Calendar Symbols Art Criticism Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... Apocalypticism is a worldview based on the idea that important matters are esoteric in nature (hidden) and they will soon be revealed in a major confrontation of earth-shaking magnitude that will change the course of history. ... Pralay in Hindu mythology means the day when Earth will be destroyed by Natures fury. ...


Changes in meaning from the Second Century A.D. to the present time

From the Second Century A.D. onward, the term "Apocalypse" was applied to a number of books, both Jewish and Christian, which show the same characteristic features. Besides the Apocalypse of John (now generally called the Book of Revelation) included in the New Testament, the Muratorian fragment, Clement of Alexandria, and others mention an Apocalypse of Peter. Apocalypses of Adam and Abraham (Epiphanius) and of Elias (Jerome) are also mentioned; see, for example, the six titles of this kind in the "List of the 60 Canonical Books"[5]; and also Development of the New Testament canon. The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ... For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... Visions of John of Patmos, as depicted in the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. ... This article is about the Christian scriptures. ... Among Christians, the Muratorian fragment is known as a copy of perhaps the oldest known list of New Testament books that were accepted as canonical by the churches known to its anonymous compiler. ... Clement of Alexandria (Titus Flavius Clemens), was the first member of the Church of Alexandria to be more than a name, and one of its most distinguished teachers. ... The recovered Apocalypse of Peter or Revelation of Peter is extant in two translations of a lost original, one Greek, one Ethiopic, which diverge considerably. ... Michelangelos Creation of Adam, from the Sistine Chapel. ... The Apocalypse of Abraham is a Jewish scripture probably composed between 80-100 AD. It has survived only in Old Slavonic recensions. ... Look up Elias in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Jerome (disambiguation). ... A folio from P46, an early 3rd century collection of Pauline epistles. ...


The use of the Greek noun to designate writings belonging to a certain literary genre is of Christian origin, the original norm of the class being the New Testament Book of Revelation. In 1832 Gottfried Christian Friedrich Lücke explored the word "Apocalypse" as a description of the book of Revelation, a usage obtained from the opening words of the book which refer to an apocalypse (prophecy) of Jesus Christ given to John, who wrote the text. In Greek the opening words are 'Aπōκάλυψις 'Iησōῦ Χριστōῦ. For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... This article is about the Christian scriptures. ... Visions of John of Patmos, as depicted in the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. ... Gottfried Christian Friedrich Lücke (August 24, 1791 - February 4, 1855), was a German theologian. ...


Characteristic features

Apocalyptic religious writings are regarded as a distinct branch of literature. This genre has several characteristic features.


Dreams or Visions

The disclosure of future events is made through a dream, as was the experience for the prophet Daniel,[6] which is recorded in the book with his name, or a vision as was recorded by John in the Book of Revelation. Moreover, the manner of the revelation and the experience of the one who received it are generally prominent. The account is usually given in the first person. There is something portentous in the circumstances corresponding to the importance of the secrets about to be disclosed. The element of the mysterious, often prominent in the vision itself, is foreshadowed in the preliminary events. Some of the persistent features of the apocalyptic tradition are connected with the circumstances of the vision and the personal experience of the seer. For other uses, see Dream (disambiguation). ... In religion, visions comprise inspirational renderings, generally of a future state and/or of a mythical being, and are believed (by followers of the religion) to come from a deity, directly or indirectly via prophets, and serve to inspire or prod believers as part of a revelation or an epiphany. ...


The primary example of apocalyptic literature in the Hebrew Bible is the book of Daniel. After a long period of fasting[7], Daniel is standing by a river when a heavenly being appears to him, and the revelation follows (Daniel 10:2ff). John, in the New Testament Revelation (1:9ff), has a like experience, told in very similar words. Compare also the first chapter of the Greek Apocalypse of Baruch; and the Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch, vi.1ff, xiii.1ff, lv.1-3. Or, as the prophet lies upon his bed, distressed for the future of his people, he falls into a sort of trance, and in "the visions of his head" is shown the future. This is the case in Daniel 7:1ff; 2 Esdras 3:1-3; and in the Book of Enoch, i.2 and following. As to the description of the effect of the vision upon the seer, see Daniel 8:27; Enoch, lx.3; 2 Esdras 5:14. For other uses, see Book of Daniel (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Book of Daniel (disambiguation). ... St John the Evangelist, imagined by Jacopo Pontormo, ca 1525 (Santa Felicita, Florence) John the Evangelist (d. ... Visions of John of Patmos, as depicted in the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. ... 3 Baruch or the Greek Apocalypse of Baruch is a Jewish pseudepigraphical text written in the late 1st century CE or early 2nd century CE, after the fall of Jerusalem to the Romans in 70 CE. It is not part of the canon of either the Jewish or most Christian... 2 Baruch also known as the Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch is a Jewish pseudepigraphical text written in the late 1st century CE or early 2nd century CE, after the fall of Jerusalem to the Romans in 70 AD. It is not part of the canon of either the Jewish or... In the Septuagint and for Eastern Orthodox Christians, 2 Esdras refers to the combination of Ezra and Nehemiah. ...


Angels

The introduction of Angels as the bearers of the revelation is a standing feature. At least two angel-classes are mentioned in biblical scripture: the Cherubim [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] and the Seraphim. [16] God may give instructions through the medium of these heavenly messengers, and who act as the seer's guide. God may also personally give a revelation, as is shown in the Book of Revelation through the person of Jesus Christ. The Annunciation - the Angel Gabriel announces to Mary that she will bear Jesus (El Greco, 1575) An angel is an ethereal being found in many religions, whose duties are to assist and serve God. ... CHERUB is a series of childrens books written by the author Robert Muchamore about a group of children who are trained to be agents working for the British Government in the top secret organisation known as CHERUB. It is similar to the British security service MI5, and is based... For other uses, see Seraph (disambiguation). ...


There is hardly an example of a true Apocalypse in which the instrumentality of angels in giving the message is not made prominent. In the Assumption of Moses, which consists mainly of a detailed prediction of the course of Israelite and Jewish history, the announcement is given to Joshua by Moses, just before the death of the latter. So, too, in the Sibylline Oracles, which are for the most part a foretelling of future events, the Sibyl is the only speaker. Neither of these books are truly representative of apocalyptic literature in the narrower sense (see below). Look up assumption in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Moses with the Tablets, 1659, by Rembrandt This article is about the Biblical figure. ... The surviving Sibylline Oracles are not the famous Sibylline Books of Roman history, which were lost not once, but twice, and thus there is very little knowledge of the actual contents. ... The word sibyl comes (via Latin) from the Greek word sibylla, meaning prophetess. ...


"Beast" - Endtime Ruler; also known as Antichrist

In the Old and New Testaments, a particular individual is singled out as the particular focus of God's wrath. This individual is known in biblical scripture by many titles such as the "beast", the "little horn"[17][18], the "prince that will come" and other titles. One ancient prince was singled out in scripture, the Prince of Tyrus, who may be considered a 'type' of antichrist. [19]


After the judgment of the Prince of Tyrus, God directs the prophet Ezekiel to write a judgment about the King of Tyrus, and from the scripture is learned that this individual is not a human being, but "the anointed cherub that covereth". [20] From further reading of the text it is learned that the cherub being addressed here is Lucifer (or Satan), as this was his former position before the throne of God before his fall. Satan is also viewed as a 'prince'[21] [22][23] that will eventually be judged.


Future

Apocalyptic visions through the writing of these scriptures is how the prophet is revealed God's justice as taking place in the future. This genre has a distinctly religious aim, intended to show God's way of dealing with humankind, and God's ultimate purposes. The writer presents, sometimes very vividly, a picture of coming events, especially those connected with the end of the present age. In certain of these writings the subject-matter is vaguely described as "that which shall come to pass in the latter days" (Daniel 2:28[24]; compare verse 29); similarly Daniel 10:14, "to make thee understand what shall befall thy people in the latter days"[25]; compare Enoch, i.1, 2; x.2ff. So, too, in Revelation 1:1 (compare the Septuagint translation of Daniel 2:28ff), "Revelation . . . that which must shortly come to pass." Past history is often included in the vision, usually in order to give the proper historical setting to the prediction, as the panorama of successive events passes over imperceptibly from the known to the unknown. Thus, in the eleventh chapter of Daniel, the detailed history of the Greek empire in the East, from the conquest of Alexander down to the latter part of the reign of Antiochus Epiphanes (verses 3-39, all presented in the form of a prediction), is continued, without any break, in a scarcely less vivid description (verses 40-45) of events which had not yet taken place, but were only expected by the writer: the wars which should result in the death of Antiochus and the fall of his kingdom. All this, however, serves only as the introduction to the remarkable eschatological predictions in the twelfth chapter, in which the main purpose of the book is to be found. Similarly, in the dream recounted in 2 Esdras 11 and 12, the eagle, representing the Roman Empire, is followed by the lion, which is the promised Messiah, who is to deliver the chosen people and establish an everlasting kingdom. The transition from history to prediction is seen in xii.28, where the expected end of Domitian's reign -- and with it the end of the world -- is foretold. Still another example of the same kind is Sibyllines, iii.608-623. Compare also Assumptio Mosis, vii-ix. In nearly all the writings which are properly classed as apocalyptic the eschatological element is prominent. The growth of speculation regarding the age to come and the hope for the chosen people more than anything else occasioned the rise and influenced the development of apocalyptic literature. The Septuagint: A column of uncial text from 1 Esdras in the Codex Vaticanus, the basis of Sir Lancelot Charles Lee Brentons Greek edition and English translation. ... Coin of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (reigned 175 - 163 BC). ... For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ... Messiah (Hebrew: , Standard  Tiberian ; Aramaic: , Aramaic/Syriac: , ; Arabic: ‎, ) Literally, Messiah means The Anointed (One), typically someone anointed with holy anointing oil. ... Titus Flavius Domitianus (24 October 51 – 18 September 96), commonly known as Domitian, was a Roman Emperor of the gens Flavia. ...


Imagery

The element of the mysterious, apparent in both the subject and the manner of the writing, is a marked feature in every typical Apocalypse. The literature of visions and dreams has its own traditions which are well illustrated in Jewish (or Jewish-Christian) apocalyptic writing. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 433 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (650 × 900 pixel, file size: 156 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) It has been suggested that this page or section be merged with Image:Duerer-apocalypse. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 433 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (650 × 900 pixel, file size: 156 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) It has been suggested that this page or section be merged with Image:Duerer-apocalypse. ... Albrecht Dürer (pronounced ) (May 21, 1471 – April 6, 1528)[1] was a German painter, printmaker and theorist from Nuremberg, Germany. ... The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse are mentioned in the Bible in chapter six of the Book of Revelation, which predicts that they will ride during the Apocalypse. ...


This apocalyptic quality appears most plainly in the use of fantastic imagery. The best illustration is furnished by the strange living creatures which figure in so many of the visions -- "beasts" or "living creatures", as is written in Revelation 4[26]in which the properties of men, mammals, birds, reptiles, or purely imaginary beings are combined in a way that is startling and often grotesque. This characteristic feature is illustrated in the following list of the most noteworthy passages in which such creatures are introduced: Daniel 7:1-8, 8:3-12 (both passages of the greatest importance for the history of apocalyptic literature); Enoch, lxxxv.-xc.; 2 Esdras 11:1-12:3, 11-32; Greek Apoc. of Bar. ii, iii; Hebrew Testament, Naphtali's, iii.; Revelation 6:6ff (compare Apocalypse of Baruch [Syr.] li.11), ix.7-10, 17-19, xiii.1-18, xvii.3, 12; the Shepherd of Hermas, "Vision," iv.1. Certain mythical or semi-mythical beings which appear in the Hebrew Bible also play an important role in these books. Thus "Leviathan", mentioned in the Old Testament[27] [28] [29] [30] and "Behemoth", mentioned also in the Old Testament[31], as well as (Enoch, lx.7, 8; 2 Esdras 6:49-52; Apocalypse of Baruch xxix.4); "Gog and Magog" (Sibyllines, iii.319ff, 512ff; compare Enoch, lvi.5ff; Revelation 20:8). Foreign mythologies are also occasionally laid under contribution (see below). The Shepherd of Hermas is a Christian work of the first or second century which had great authority in ancient times and was considered by some as one of the books of the Bible. ...


Mystical symbolism

Mystical symbolism is another frequent characteristic of apocalyptic writing. This feature is illustrated in the instances where gematria is employed either for the sake of obscuring the writer's meaning, or enhancing its meaning further as a number of ancient cultures used letters also as numbers (i.e., the Romans with their use of 'roman numerals'). Thus, the mysterious name "Taxo," "Assumptio Mosis", ix. 1; the "number of the beast" 666, of Revelation 13:18[32]; the number 888 ('Iησōῦς), Sibyllines, i.326-330. Gematria (Rabbinic Hebrew , from the Greek ; English since the 17th century) is the numerology of the Hebrew language and Hebrew alphabet, and is used by its proponents to derive meaning or relative relationship. ... Roman numerals are a numeral system originating in ancient Rome, adapted from Etruscan numerals. ... For other uses, see Number of the Beast (disambiguation). ...


Similar to this discussion is the frequent prophecy of the length of time through which the events predicted must be fulfilled. Thus, the "time, times, and a half," Daniel 12:7[33] which has generally been agreed to be 3½ years in length by dispensationalists; the "fifty-eight times" of Enoch, xc.5, "Assumptio Mosis", x.11; the announcement of a certain number of "weeks" or days, which starting point in Daniel 9:24, 25 is the "the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks",[34]ff, a mention of 1290 days after the covenant/sacrifice is broken (Daniel 12:11)[35], 12; Enoch xciii.3-10; 2 Esdras 14:11, 12; Apocalypse of Baruch xxvi-xxviii; Revelation 11:3, which mentions "two witnesses" with supernatural power[36], 12:6[37]; compare Assumptio Mosis, vii.1. Symbolic language is also used to describe persons, things, or events; thus, the "horns" of Daniel 7 and 8[38]; Revelation 17[39] and following; the "heads" and "wings" of 2 Esdras xi and following; the seven seals of Revelation 6[40]; trumpets, Revelation 8[41]; "vials of the wrath of God" or "bowl. . ." judgments, Revelation 16[42]; the dragon, Revelation 12:3-17[43], Revelation 20:1-3[44]; the eagle, Assumptio Mosis, x.8; and so on.


As examples of more elaborate prophecies and allegories, aside from those in Daniel Chapters 7 and 8; and 2 Esdras Chapters 11 and 12, already referred to, may be mentioned: the vision of the bulls and the sheep, Enoch, lxxxv and following; the forest, the vine, the fountain, and the cedar, Apocalypse of Baruch xxxvi and following; the bright and the black waters, ibid. liii and following; the willow and its branches, Hermas, "Similitudines," viii.

Russian Orthodox icon Apocalypse

The Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (Russian: ), also known as the Orthodox Christian Church of Russia, is a body of Christians who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with the other patriarchs and primates of the Eastern Orthodox Church. ... This article is about the religious artifacts. ...

End of the age

In John's apocalypse, the book of Revelation, he refers to the "unveiling" or "revelation" of Jesus Christ as Messiah. This term has been downgraded in common usage to refer to the end of the world. But it is more accurate to interpret the term "end of the world", as we see in the King James Version of the Bible, as the "end of the age". The word translated as "world" is actually the Greek word "eon" or "age". Visions of John of Patmos, as depicted in the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Messiah (Hebrew: , Standard  Tiberian ; Aramaic: , Aramaic/Syriac: , ; Arabic: ‎, ) Literally, Messiah means The Anointed (One), typically someone anointed with holy anointing oil. ... For other uses, see Eschatology (disambiguation). ... This page is about the version of the Bible; for the Harvey Danger album, see King James Version (album). ... For other uses, see Bible (disambiguation). ...


The eschatological pictures of the end of the age as books of the Old Testament were images of the judgment of the wicked, as well as the resurrection and glorification of those who were given righteousness before God. The dead are seen in the book of Job and in some of the Psalms as being in Sheol, awaiting the final judgment. The wicked will then be consigned to eternal torment in the fires of Gehinnom, or the Lake of Fire mentioned in Revelation [45] [46] [47] [48] [49]. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      Imputed righteousness is a... In Hebrew, ²² Sheol (שאול, Shol) is the abode of the dead, the underworld, the common grave of humankind or pit.[1] In the Hebrew Bible, it is a place beneath the earth, beyond gates, where both the bad and the good, slave and king, pious and wicked must go at... Note: Tanach quotes are from the Judaica press Tanach. ...


The New Testament letters written by the Apostle Paul expand on this theme of the judgment of the wicked, and the glorification of those who belong to Christ or Messiah. In his letters to the Corinthians and the Thessalonians Paul expounds further on the destiny of the righteous. He speaks of the simultaneous resurrection and rapture of those who are in Christ, (or Messiah). This is a combined apocalyptic event that comes at the end of this age and before the coming Millennium. This article is about the Christian scriptures. ... A 19th century picture of Paul of Tarsus Paul of Tarsus (originally Saul of Tarsus) or Saint Paul the Apostle (fl. ... Icon of Christ in a Greek Orthodox church This page is about the title, office or what is known in Christian theology as the Divine Person. ... Messiah (Hebrew: , Standard  Tiberian ; Aramaic: , Aramaic/Syriac: , ; Arabic: ‎, ) Literally, Messiah means The Anointed (One), typically someone anointed with holy anointing oil. ... There are two Epistles to the Corinthians in the Bible: First Epistle to the Corinthians Second Epistle to the Corinthians There is also a Third Epistle to the Corinthians, once considered canonical by the Armenian Apostolic Church, but now almost universally believed to be pseudepigraphical. ... The Epistles to the Thessalonians, also known as the Letters to the Thessalonians, are two books from the New Testament of the Christian Bible. ... Look up Resurrection in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other meanings, see Rapture (disambiguation). ... A millennium (pl. ...


Christianity had a Millennial expectation for glorification of the righteous from the time it emerged from Judaism and spread out into the world in the first century. The poetic and prophetic literature of the Hebrew Bible, particularly in Isaiah, were rich in Millennial imagery. The New Testament Congregation after Pentecost carried on with this theme. During his imprisonment by the Romans on the Island of Patmos, John described the visions he experienced, writing the Book of Revelation. Revelation chapter 20 contains several reference to a thousand year reign of Christ/Messiah upon this earth. Topics in Christianity Preaching Prayer Ecumenism Relation to other religions Movements Music Liturgy Calendar Symbols Art Criticism Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... An anniversary is a day that commemorates an event that occurred on the same day of the year some time in the past. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article is about the Book of Isaiah. ... An anniversary is a day that commemorates an event that occurred on the same day of the year some time in the past. ... This article is about the Christian scriptures. ... The Descent of the Holy Spirit in a 15th century illuminated manuscript. ... Saint John on Patmos by Hans Baldung Grien, 1511 Saint John of Patmos, by Jean Fouquet John of Patmos is the name given to the author of the Book of Revelation (or Book of the Apocalypse) in the New Testament. ...


Throughout Church history, the kings and princes of Europe had traditionally viewed with extreme disfavor the idea of a judgment at the end of this age and a Millennium to follow. King Henry VIII was very angry when he heard that his subjects were reading smuggled copies of William Tyndale's New Testament. Upon hearing that they were discussing the judgment at the end of the age, he flew into a rage. Archibishop Wolsey was summoned and questioned about this matter. A series of events then led to William Tyndale being hunted down, captured, condemned, and burned at the stake. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Relation to other religions Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Christianity Portal This box:      Church historian redirects here. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... William Tyndale (sometimes spelled Tyndale,Tindall or Tyndall) (ca. ... William Tyndale (sometimes spelled Tyndale,Tindall or Tyndall) (ca. ...


Preaching or teaching on end time apocalytic themes in the "Three Self" government church in China is strictly forbidden.


Modern Christian movements in the 18th and 19th Centuries were characterized by a rise of Millennialism. Christian Apocalyptic eschatology was a continuation of the same two themes referred to throughout all of scripture as "this age" and "the age to come". Evangelicals have been in the forefront in rediscovering and popularizing the biblical prophecy of a major confrontation between good and evil at the end of this age, a coming Millennium to follow, and a final confrontation whereby the wicked are judged, the righteous are rewarded and the beginning of Eternity is viewed. Millennialism (or chiliasm), from millennium, which literally means thousand years, is primarily a belief expressed in some Christian denominations, and literature, that there will be a Golden Age or Paradise on Earth where Christ will reign prior to the final judgment and future eternal state, primarily derived from the book...


Most evangelicals have been taught a form of Millennialism known as Dispensationalism, which arose in the 19th century. Dispensationalism sees separate destinies for the Church and Israel. Its concept of a special Pre Tribulation Rapture of the Church has become extremely popular. This is the central thesis of the Left Behind books and films. Recently, however, Dispensationalism has been undergoing some opposition from those who teach and embrace what is termed Traditional Millennialism. Prominent among them are those who hold to a Post Tribulation Rapture. Millennialism (or chiliasm), from millennium, which literally means thousand years, is primarily a belief expressed in some Christian denominations, and literature, that there will be a Golden Age or Paradise on Earth where Christ will reign prior to the final judgment and future eternal state, primarily derived from the book... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      A current... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      A current... For the architectural structure, see Church (building). ... For other uses, see Left Behind (disambiguation). ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      A current... In Christian eschatology, the Post Tribulation Rapture doctrine is the belief in a combined Resurrection and Rapture (eg. ...


One of the most complete exegetical works on the meaning of the Book of Revelation was written by Emanuel Swedenborg called the Apocalypse Revealed, first published in two volumes in Amsterdam in 1766. A more current book, utilizing the literal method of interpretation, is "The Revelation Record" by Henry M. Morris.[50] Emanuel Swedenborg, 75, holding the manuscript of Apocalypsis Revelata (1766). ... Henry M. Morris Henry Madison Morris, Ph. ...


See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

In Christian eschatology, the Antichrist or anti-Christ means a person, office, or group recognized as fulfilling the Biblical prophecies about one who will oppose Christ and substitute himself in Christs place. ... The Apocalypse of Abraham is a Jewish scripture probably composed between 80-100 AD. It has survived only in Old Slavonic recensions. ... The recovered Apocalypse of Peter or Revelation of Peter is extant in two translations of a lost original, one Greek, one Ethiopic, which diverge considerably. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Apocalypticism is a worldview based on the idea that important matters are esoteric in nature (hidden) and they will soon be revealed in a major confrontation of earth-shaking magnitude that will change the course of history. ... For other uses, see Armageddon (disambiguation). ... Beast. ... Bible prophecy, or biblical prophecy is the belief that the exegesis and hermeneutics that relate to those scriptures containing various prophecies regarding global politics, natural disasters, the future of the nation of Israel, the coming of a Messiah and a Messianic Kingdom, and the ultimate destiny of humankind are true. ... al-Dajjal sometimes spelled Dajal, (Arabic: الدّجّال, al-dajjāl) (The Deceiver/impostor), also known as the false Messiah (see also: Antichrist) is an evil figure in Islamic eschatology, who will appear before Yawm al-Qiyamah (The Day of Resurrection, Judgement Day). ... Look up doomsday in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A dream dictionary is a tool made for interpreting images in a dream. ... For other uses, see Eschatology (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Four Horsemen. ... The Gnostic Apocalypse of Peter, not to be confused with the Apocalypse of Peter, is a text found amongst the Nag Hammadi codices, and part of the New Testament apocrypha. ... Kali Yuga (Devnāgari: काली युग) (, also known as Iron Age), according to most interpretations of Hindu scriptures, including the Vedas, began at the end of Krishnas bodily lifespan (approximately 5100 years ago, 3102 BCE) and will last exactly 432,000 years — placing its conclusion in the year 428,899 CE... For other meanings, see Kalki (disambiguation). ... Millennialism (or chiliasm), from millennium, which literally means thousand years, is primarily a belief expressed in some Christian denominations, and literature, that there will be a Golden Age or Paradise on Earth where Christ will reign prior to the final judgment and future eternal state, primarily derived from the book... Millenarianism (sometimes spelled millenarism or millennarism) is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming major transformation of society after which all things will be changed in a positive (or sometimes negative or ambiguous) direction. ... One World Government redirects here. ... Omnicide is a term used to describe the destruction of species through nuclear war. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      This article is about Premillennialism in Christian... Yawm al-QÄ«yāmah (Arabic: literally: Day of the Resurrection) is the Last Judgement in Islam. ... For other uses, see Ragnarök (disambiguation). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Film/Television

government officials and Leaders of the Catholic Church believe will trigger the 'Metalocalypse'. Apocalypse Now is a 1979 Academy Award and Golden Globe winning American film set during the Vietnam War. ... Francis Ford Coppola (born April 7, 1939) is a five-time Academy Award winning American film director, producer, and screenwriter. ... For the 1992 novel by P.D. James, see The Children of Men. ... Alfonso Cuarón Orozco (born November 28, 1961 in Mexico City) is an Academy Award-nominated Mexican film director, screenwriter and producer. ... For information on the last book of the New Testament see the Book of Revelation. ... Metalocalypse is an American animated television series on Adult Swim created by Brendon Small and Tommy Blacha. ...

  • In The Simpsons episode Simpsons Bible Stories, the Simpsons fall asleep in church and wake up to find Springfield awash in the flames and destruction of the Apocalypse. When God raises Lisa up to Heaven, Homer pulls her back down so she can go to Hell with the rest of the family.
  • Apocalypse is the title of Smallville's 150th episode, directed by Tom Welling

Simpsons redirects here. ... Simpsons Bible Stories is the eighteenth episode of The Simpsons tenth season. ... Smallville is an American television series created by writer/producers Alfred Gough and Miles Millar, and was initially broadcast by The WB. After its fifth season, the WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States. ... Thomas John Patrick Welling (born April 26, 1977 in Putnam Valley, New York) is an American actor, director, and former male fashion model, most famous for playing Clark Kent on the current television series Smallville. ...

Literature, etc.

Cover of Apocalypse Nerd 1 ©Peter Bagge used with permission Apocalypse Nerd is a six part comic book series created by Peter Bagge and published by Dark Horse Comics. ... The End Is Nigh is a British Fanzine dealing with the End of the World, each issue dealing with different versions of an Apocalypse capable of laying waste to the world and Humanity. ... Illustrated Apocalypse manuscripts are manuscripts that contain the text of Revelation and/or a commentary on Revelation and also illustrations. ... Just a Couple of Days is the debut novel by author Tony Vigorito. ... Good Omens: The Nice and Accurate Prophecies of Agnes Nutter, Witch (1990) is a fantasy novel written in collaboration between Terry Pratchett and Neil Gaiman. ... Neil Richard Gaiman (IPA: ) (born November 10, 1960[2]) is an English author of science fiction and fantasy short stories and novels, graphic novels, comics, and films. ... Terence David John Pratchett, OBE (born 28 April 1948) is a British fantasy and science fiction author, best known for his Discworld series. ... For other uses, see Fantasy (disambiguation). ... A comedy is a dramatic performance of a light and amusing character, usually with a happy conclusion to its plot. ... For other uses, see Armageddon (disambiguation). ...

Music

  • Bright Eyes (artist) No One Would Riot For Less (song) "Death may come, invisible Or in a holy wall of fire"
  • Save The World Burn It Down (song) by the band Babalon about personal apocalypse.
  • "Supper's Ready", a 23-minute epic by progressive rock band Genesis, found on their 1972 album "Foxtrot", deals with a couple who falls in love and experience the Apocalypse.

Absolution is the third studio album by English rock band Muse. ... An album or record album is a collection of related audio or music tracks distributed to the public. ... For other uses, see Muse (disambiguation). ... Babalon riding The Beast, as depicted on the Lust card of Crowleys Thoth Tarot. ... Suppers Ready ( ) is a song by the band Genesis. ... Genesis are an English rock band formed in 1967. ... Foxtrot is the fourth studio album by British progressive rock band Genesis and the second from the classic lineup of Peter Gabriel, Tony Banks, Mike Rutherford, Phil Collins, and Steve Hackett. ... Alternate cover One of the three different vinyl album covers F♯A♯∞ is the debut album of the Montreal-based band Godspeed You Black Emperor! (later punctuated Godspeed You! Black Emperor). ... Main articles: History of Canada, Timeline of Canadian history Parts of Canada have been inhabited by aboriginal peoples (known as First Nations) for at least 40,000 years. ... The term post-rock was coined by Simon Reynolds in issue 123 of The Wire (May 1994) to describe a sort of music using rock instrumentation for non-rock purposes, using guitars as facilitators of timbres and textures rather than riffs and powerchords. ... Godspeed You! Black Emperor (formerly punctuated Godspeed You Black Emperor!) is an avant-garde Canadian post-rock band based in Montreal, Quebec. ...

Book References (arranged alphabetically by author)

Angels

  • "Angels: God's Secret Agents" by Billy Graham (Revised & Expanded) ©1975, 1986; Word Books Publisher, Waco, Texas.

Antichrist - Speculations and Theories

  • "How to Recognize the Antichrist" by Arthur E. Bloomfield ©"1975; Bethany Fellowship
  • "Gorbachev: Has the Real Antichrist Come?" by Robert W. Faid ©1988: Victory House Publishers.
  • "The Man The False Prophet and The Harlot", subtitled "The Name of the Antichrist Finally Revealed" by Dr. Anthony M. Giliberti ©1991; Published by "This Is The Generation" Library of Congress Catalog Number 90-93451 ISBN 0-9628419-0-0.
  • "Global Peace and the Rise of Antichrist" by Dave Hunt ©1990; Harvest House Publishers Library of Congress Cataloging in Publishing Data; ISBN 0-89081-831-2.

Armageddon

  • "Till Armageddon", subtitled "A Perspective on Suffering" by Billy Graham ©1981; Word Books Publishers.
  • "Armageddon, Oil and the Middle East Crisis" Revised, by John F. Walvoord ©1974, 1976, 1990; Zondervan Publishing House, 1415 Lake Drive, S.E., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49506; ISBN 0-310-53921-8

For other uses, see Armageddon (disambiguation). ...

Biblical Numbers, Code Theories and Computer Associations

  • "Number in Scripture" by E. W. Bullinger, D.D.; ©1967; Kregel Publications, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49501 Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 67-26498; ISBN 0-8254-2204-3
  • “Bible Code II: The Countdown” by Michael Drosnin; ©2002 One Honest Man, Inc. Published by Penguin Books Ltd., Registered Offices, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0R1, England.
  • "City of Revelation" subtitled "A Book of Forgotten Wisdom" by John Michell ©1972; Ballantine Books (first printing: 11/73 Library of Congress Cat. No. 72-88116 SBN 345-23607-6-150. (NOTE: there may be only one copy of this book. Review copy sticker is inside. Contains information on Gematria, a mathematical science. This is NOT the John Michell you will find on Wikipedia!)
  • "Computers and The Beast of Revelation" by David Webber & Noah Hutchings ©1986; Huntington House Publishers.

Ethelbert William Bullinger (December 15, 1837 - June 6, 1913) was an ordained Anglican clergyman, Biblical scholar, and dispensationalist theologian. ... Michael Drosnin (born January 31, 1946) is an American journalist and author, best known for his writings on the Bible code. ... Michael Drosnin (born January 31, 1946) is an American journalist and author, best known for his writings on the Bible code. ...

Catholicism and its influence

  • "A Woman Rides the Beast" (subtitled, "The Catholic Church in the Last Days" by Dave Hunt; ©1994; Harvest House Publishers.
  • "The Cult of the Virgin", subtitled "Catholic Mariology and the Apparitions of Mary" by Elliott Miller and Kenneth R. Samples; forward by Normal L. Geisler; © 1992; published by Baker Book House, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49516; ISBN 0-8010-6291-8.
  • "Once a Catholic", subtitled "What You Need to Know about Roman Catholicism" by Tony Coffey; ©1993; Harvest House Publishers, Eugene, Oregon 97402. ISBN 1-56507-045-3.

Dave Hunt (1926 – ) is a Christian apologist, speaker, radio commentator and author. ...

The Church, Israel, Islam, and relation to Biblical Prophecy

  • "A History of Israel" (2nd Edition) by John Bright ©1972; The Westminster Press. (NOTE: This is NOT the John Bright you will find on Wikipedia!)
  • "A New Testament History; the story of the Emerging Church" by Floyd V. Filson. ©MCMLXIV; W. L. Jenkins Published by The Westminster Press Library of Congress Catalog No. 64-15360.
  • "The Fall Feasts of Israel" by Mitch and Zhava Glaser; ©1987; The Moody Bible Institute of Chicago; ISBN 0-8024-2539-9; Library of Congress.
  • "A Cup of Trembling" by Dave Hunt ©1995; Harvest House Publishers, Eugene, Oregon 97402; ISBN 1-56507-334-7

'Daniel' and 'Revelation' Compared

  • "Daniel and Revelation" subtitled "A Study of Two Extraordinary Visions" by James M. Efird ©1978; Judson Press, Valley Forge, PA 19481 ISBN 0-8170-0797-0
  • "Daniel's Prophecy of the 70 Weeks" by Alva J. McClain 1940, ©1969; Academie Books/Zondervan House.

NOTE: Also see 'Things to Come' listed below.


Date-Setting Books

  • "1994?" by Harold Camping; ©1992; Published by Vantage Press, Inc., 516 West 34th Street, NY, NY 10001. ISBN 0-533-10368-1; Library of Congress Cat. No. Unknown.
  • "Shock Wave 2000!" subtitled "The Harold Camping 1994 Debacle"; by Robert Sungenis, Scott Temple, and David Allen Lewis; ©1994 New Leaf Press, Inc., P.O. Box 311, Green Forest AR 72638; ISBN 0-89221-269-1; Library of Congress: 94-67493 NOTE: This book is a refutation to Harold Camping's book listed above. This author exposes most of Harold Camping's misconceptions, etc. Harold Camping is currently the Station Manager on his radio station WFME A.M. His 'school of thought' is Amillennial. But it is worth viewing an article on the remarkable irony in Sungenis' criticism of Camping, here.

Discussions of 'Genesis', the 'Days of Noah', and Relation to Prophecy

  • "The Genesis Record" by Henry M. Morris ©1976; Baker Book House and Master Books (NOTE: This book is a companion book to "The Revelation Record")
  • "Many Infallible Proofs" by Henry M. Morris ©1974; Creation Life Publishers.
  • "Scientific Creationism" by Henry M. Morris (General Edition) ©1974; Creation-Life Publishers (Master Books)
  • "The Genesis Flood" by John C. Whitcomb and Henry M. Morris ©1961; The Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Co. ISBN 0-087552-338-2 Library of Congress Cat. No. 60-13463.

Dispensational Thought

  • "Hidden Prophecies in the Psalms" by J.R. Church; ©1986; Prophecy Publications, Oklahoma City, OK 73153; ISBN 0-941241-00-9
  • "Not Wrath but Rapture!" by Harry A. Ironside; NO DATE; published by Loizeaux Brothers, Inc.
  • "The Truth About Armageddon" by William Sanford Lasor ©1982; Harper & Row Publishers.
  • "The Late Great Planet Earth" by Hal Lindsey with C.C. Carlson ©1970; Zondervan House.
  • "Satan is Alive and Well on Planet Earth" by Hal Lindsey with C.C. Carlson ©1972; Zondervan House.
  • "A Survey of Bible Prophecy" by R. Ludwigson ©1951; (1973, 1975; The Zondervan Corporation).
  • "The Revelation Record" by Henry M. Morris ©1985; Tyndale House Inc. and Creation Life Publishers.
  • "Things to Come" by J. Dwight Pentecost ©1958; Zondervan Publishing House, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49506
  • "The Secret Book of Revelation" (subtitled: "The Last Book of the Bible") ©1979; by Gilles Quispel; Collins St. James Place, Comdon, 1979.
  • "The Rapture Question" by John F. Walvoord (Revised & Enlarged) ©1974; The Zondervan Corporation.

Henry (Harry) Allen Ironside (1876-10-14 - 1951-01-15) was a Bible teacher, preacher, pastor, and author in the early 20th century. ... Harold Lee Hal Lindsey (born November 23, 1929) is an American evangelist and Christian writer. ... Harold Lee Hal Lindsey (born November 23, 1929) is an American evangelist and Christian writer. ... Henry M. Morris Henry Madison Morris, Ph. ... J. Dwight Pentecost (born 1915) is a Christian Theologian best known for the book Things to Come Academic background He currently is Distinguished Professor of Bible Exposition, Emeritus, at Dallas Theological Seminary. ... John F. Walvoord (May 1, 1910 - December 20, 2002), was a Christian author and theologian. ...

New Age Movement and relation to prophecy

  • "The Hidden Dangers of the Rainbow" by Constance Cumbey; ©1983; Huntington House Inc.
  • "A Planned Deception: The Staging of A New Age 'Messiah'" by Constance Cumbey; ©1985; Pointe Publishers, Inc.
  • "Deceived by the Light" by Doug R. Groothuis; ©1995 Harvest House Publishers, Eugene, Oregon 97402; ISBN 1-56507-301-0
  • "Peace, Prosperity, and the Coming Holocaust" subtitled "The New Age Movement in Prophecy", by Dave Hunt; ©1983; Harvest House Publishers.

Constance Elizabeth Cumbey (born 29 February 1944, nee Constance Elizabeth Butler) is a lawyer and Christian author who, after converting to the Baptist faith, first exposed what she saw as the dangers of the New Age movement. ... Constance Elizabeth Cumbey (born 29 February 1944, nee Constance Elizabeth Butler) is a lawyer and Christian author who, after converting to the Baptist faith, first exposed what she saw as the dangers of the New Age movement. ... Dave Hunt (1926 – ) is a Christian apologist, speaker, radio commentator and author. ...

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