 An appendicectomy in progress An appendicectomy (or appendectomy) is the surgical removal of the vermiform appendix. This procedure is normally performed as an emergency procedure, when the patient is suffering from acute appendicitis. In the absence of surgical facilities, intravenous antibiotics are used to delay or avoid the onset of sepsis; it is now recognised that many cases will resolve when treated non-operatively. In some cases the appendicitis resolves completely; more often, an inflammatory mass forms around the appendix. This is a relative contraindication to surgery. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1360, 786 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Appendicectomy Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1360, 786 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Appendicectomy Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ...
In human anatomy, the vermiform appendix (or appendix, pl. ...
Appendicitis (or epityphlitis) is a condition characterized by inflammation of the appendix[1]. While mild cases may resolve without treatment, most require removal of the inflamed appendix, either by laparotomy or laparoscopy. ...
An intravenous drip in a hospital Intravenous therapy or IV therapy is the administration of liquid substances directly into a vein. ...
An antibiotic is a drug that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. ...
Sepsis (in Greek Σήψις, putrefaction) is a serious medical condition, resulting from the immune response to a severe infection. ...
In medicine, a contraindication is a condition or factor that increases the risk involved in using a particular drug, carrying out a medical procedure or engaging in a particular activity. ...
Appendicectomy may be performed laparoscopically or as an open operation. Laparoscopy is often used if the diagnosis is in doubt, or if it is desirable to hide the scars in the umbilicus or in the pubic hair line. Recovery may be a little quicker with laparoscopic surgery; the procedure is more expensive and resource-intensive than open surgery and generally takes a little longer, with the (low in most patients) additional risks associated with pneumoperitoneum (inflating the abdomen with gas). Advanced pelvic sepsis occasionally requires a lower midline laparotomy. Laparoscopic surgery, also called keyhole surgery (when natural body openings are not used), bandaid surgery, or minimally invasive surgery (MIS), is a surgical technique. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Pneumoperitoneum is air or gas in the abdominal (peritoneal) cavity, usually seen on x-ray. ...
A laparotomy is a surgical maneuver involving an incision through the abdominal wall to gain access into the abdominal cavity. ...
In general terms, the procedure for an open appendicectomy is as follows.
Antibiotics are given immediately if there are signs of sepsis, otherwise a single dose of prophylactic intravenous antibiotics is given immediately prior to surgery. Sepsis (in Greek Σήψις, putrefaction) is a serious medical condition, resulting from the immune response to a severe infection. ...
General anaesthesia is induced, with endotracheal intubation and full muscle relaxation, and the patient is positioned supine. Anesthesia (AE), also anaesthesia (BE), is the process of blocking the perception of pain and other sensations. ...
Diagram of an endotracheal tube (10) that has been inserted into the airway of a patient. ...
The supine position is a position of the body; lying down with the face up, as opposed to the prone position, which is face down. ...
The abdomen is prepared and draped and is examined under anaesthesia. If a mass is present, the incision is made over the mass;[citation needed] otherwise, the incision is made over McBurney's point, one third of the way from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the umbilicus; this represents the position of the base of the appendix (the position of the tip is variable). McBurneys point is the name given to the point over the right side of the human abdomen that is one-third the distance from the ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine) to the umbilicus. ...
The anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is an important landmark of surface anatomy. ...
Emergency appendectomy
An inflamed appendix can be life-threatening, particularly if the patient is out of reach of medical care. Historical records show a number of appendectomies carried out by unskilled ad hoc surgeons, communicating with a base hospital by telephone or even telegraph.[citation needed] Ad hoc is a Latin phrase which means for this [purpose]. It generally signifies a solution that has been tailored to a specific purpose, such as a tailor-made suit, a handcrafted network protocol, and specific-purpose equation and things like that. ...
Prophylactic appendectomy To find the cause of unexplained abdominal pain, exploratory surgery is sometimes performed. If the appendix is NOT the cause of symptoms, the surgeon will thoroughly check the other abdominal organs and remove the appendix anyway, to prevent it from becoming a problem in the future.
When abdominal surgery is performed for an entirely different reason (e.g. hysterectomy or bowel resection), the surgeon sometimes decides to perform an appendectomy in addition to the intended procedure, to eliminate the possible need of a future surgery just to remove the appendix. However, recent findings on the possible usefulness of the appendix has led to an abatement of this practice.
Pregnancy If appendicitis develops in a pregnant woman, an appendectomy is usually performed and should not harm the fetus.[1] This article is about human pregnancy in biological females. ...
For other uses, see Fetus (disambiguation). ...
Recovery Recovery time from the operation can vary from person to person. Some will take up to 3 weeks before being completely active. Others it can be a matter of days. Roy Halladay of the Toronto Blue Jays baseball team, recovered from his appendectomy in under 3 weeks, to return to the mound and win 3 straight games. In the case of a laparoscopic operation, the patient will have three stapled scars of about an inch in length, between the navel and pubic hair line. When a laparotomy has been performed, the patient will have a 2-4 inch scar, which will initially be heavily bruised.
 Scar and Bruise 2 days after operation. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
References - ^ Risk Factors That Develop During Pregnancy
Operative details and information for patients for appendicectomy Operative details of the above amputations can be seen in the surgical scripts presented in Wikisurgery/General Surgery.
Information for patients is also presented in Wikisurgery/General Surgery
External links - A video of the procedure
- Another video of the procedure (Either Requires Windows Media Player and will not load in Firefox 1.5; or use this direct link with any player that can play .wmv files.)
| Health science - Surgery - General surgery | | neck | Resection (Thyroid cancer, Lymphoma) | | esophagus - stomach | Resection (Esophageal cancer, Stomach cancer), Bariatric surgery (Morbid obesity), Repair (Trauma) | | abdomen (non-GI) | Kidney transplant (Chronic renal failure), Resection (Kidney cancer, Metastatic disease), Debulking surgery (Ovarian cancer), Hernia repair | liver - pancreas
gallbladder - biliary tree | Liver transplant (Hepatitis, Cirrhosis, PBC, PSC), Resection (HCC, Metastatic disease of the liver), Resection (Whipple procedure (Pancreatic cancer)), Cholecystectomy (Cholecystitis) | | small intestine | Resection (due to bowel infarction and/or small bowel obstruction - Intussusception, Volvulus, Crohn's disease, Meckel's diverticulum, Meconium ileus (due to Cystic fibrosis), Cancer of the small bowel) | | colon | Appendectomy (Appendicitis), Resection due to obstruction and/or perforation (Toxic megacolon (due to IBD), Colorectal cancer, Hirschsprung's disease, Trauma, Intussusception, Volvulus, Inguinal hernia, Adhesions (due to previous surgery)) | | Digestive system surgical and other procedures | | Digestive tract | esophagus: Esophagectomy stomach: Gastrostomy - Gastrectomy - Gastric bypass surgery - Gastroenterostomy - Nissen fundoplication Health Sciences are the group of disciplines of applied science dealing with human and animal health. ...
“Surgeon†redirects here. ...
A surgeon operating General surgery, despite its name, is a surgical specialty that focuses on surgical treatment of abdominal organs, e. ...
A human neck. ...
Thyroid cancer is malignant growth of the thyroid gland. ...
This article is about lymphoma in humans. ...
The esophagus (also spelled oesophagus/Å“sophagus, Greek ), or gullet is an organ in vertebrates which consists of a muscular tube through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach. ...
In anatomy, the stomach is a bean-shaped hollow muscular organ of the gastrointestinal tract involved in the second phase of digestion, following mastication. ...
Esophageal cancer is malignancy of the esophagus. ...
Stomach cancer (also called gastric cancer) can develop in any part of the stomach and may spread throughout the stomach and to other organs; particularly the esophagus and the small intestine. ...
// Two studies report decrease in mortality from bariatric surgery. ...
Obesity is an excess storage of fat and can affect any mammal, such as the mouse on the left. ...
In medicine, a trauma patient has suffered serious and life-threatening physical injury resulting in secondary complications such as shock, respiratory failure and death. ...
The human abdomen (from the Latin word meaning belly) is the part of the body between the pelvis and the thorax. ...
Resection has multiple meanings: // Orientation Resection is a method of orientation (direction or position finding) using a compass and topographic map. ...
Renal cell carcinoma, a form of kidney cancer that involves cancerous changes in the cells of the renal tubule, is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults. ...
CT scan with metastatic tumour in lung (top right) Metastasis (Greek: change of the state) is the spread of cancer from its primary site to other places in the body (e. ...
Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor (a kind of neoplasm) located on an ovary. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
For the bird, see Liver bird. ...
The pancreas is a gland organ in the digestive and endocrine systems of vertebrates[2]. It is both exocrine (secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes) and endocrine (producing several important hormones, including insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin). ...
The gallbladder (or cholecyst, sometimes gall bladder) is a pear-shaped organ that stores about 50 ml of bile (or gall) until the body needs it for digestion. ...
A bile duct is any of a number of long tube-like structures that carry bile. ...
Hepatitis (plural hepatitides) implies injury to liver characterised by presence of inflammatory cells in the liver tissue. ...
Cirrhosis is a consequence of chronic liver disease characterized by replacement of liver tissue by fibrotic scar tissue as well as regenerative nodules, leading to progressive loss of liver function. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a form of cholangitis due to an autoimmune reaction. ...
Resection has multiple meanings: // Orientation Resection is a method of orientation (direction or position finding) using a compass and topographic map. ...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, also called hepatoma) is a primary malignancy (cancer) of the liver. ...
CT scan with metastatic tumour in lung (top right) Metastasis (Greek: change of the state) is the spread of cancer from its primary site to other places in the body (e. ...
Resection has multiple meanings: // Orientation Resection is a method of orientation (direction or position finding) using a compass and topographic map. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Pancreaticoduodenectomy. ...
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy as seen through laparoscope X-Ray during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Cholecystectomy (, plural: cholecystectomies,) is the surgical removal of the gallbladder. ...
Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gall bladder. ...
In biology the small intestine is the part of the gastrointestinal tract (gut) between the stomach and the large intestine and includes the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. ...
Resection has multiple meanings: // Orientation Resection is a method of orientation (direction or position finding) using a compass and topographic map. ...
An intussusception is a situation in which a part of the intestine has prolapsed into another section of intestine, similar to the way in which the parts of a collapsible telescope slide into one another. ...
A volvulus is a loop of the bowel whose nose has twisted on itself. ...
Crohns disease (also known as regional enteritis) is a chronic, episodic, inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by transmural inflammation (affecting the entire wall of the involved bowel) and skip lesions (areas of inflammation with areas of normal lining between). ...
A Meckels diverticulum is a true congenital diverticulum. ...
Meconium from 12-hour-old newborn — the babys third bowel movement. ...
In oncology, small intestine cancer, also small bowel cancer and cancer of the small bowel, is a cancer of the small intestine. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Large intestine. ...
An appendicectomy (or appendectomy) is the surgical removal of the vermiform appendix. ...
Appendicitis (or epityphlitis) is a condition characterized by inflammation of the appendix[1]. While mild cases may resolve without treatment, most require removal of the inflamed appendix, either by laparotomy or laparoscopy. ...
Resection has multiple meanings: // Orientation Resection is a method of orientation (direction or position finding) using a compass and topographic map. ...
Toxic megacolon (megacolon toxicum) is a life-threatening complication of other intestinal conditions. ...
In medicine, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the large intestine and, in some cases, the small intestine. ...
Colorectal cancer, also called colon cancer or bowel cancer, includes cancerous growths in the colon, rectum and appendix. ...
Hirschsprungs disease, or congenital aganglionic megacolon, involves an enlargement of the colon, caused by bowel obstruction resulting from an aganglionic section of bowel (the normal enteric nerves are absent) that starts at the anus and progresses upwards. ...
In medicine, a trauma patient has suffered serious and life-threatening physical injury resulting in secondary complications such as shock, respiratory failure and death. ...
An intussusception is a situation in which a part of the intestine has prolapsed into another section of intestine, similar to the way in which the parts of a collapsible telescope slide into one another. ...
A volvulus is a loop of the bowel whose nose has twisted on itself. ...
The digestive system is the organ system that breaks down and absorbs nutrients that are essential for growth and maintenance. ...
“Surgeon†redirects here. ...
The esophagus (also spelled oesophagus/Å“sophagus, Greek ), or gullet is an organ in vertebrates which consists of a muscular tube through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach. ...
Surgical excision of part of or the entire esophagus Categories: Medicine stubs ...
In anatomy, the stomach is a bean-shaped hollow muscular organ of the gastrointestinal tract involved in the second phase of digestion, following mastication. ...
Gastrostomy refers to a surgical opening into the stomach. ...
Diagram of the stomach, showing the different regions. ...
Gastric bypass procedures (GBP) are any of a group of similar operations used to treat morbid obesity—the severe accumulation of excess weight as fatty tissue—and the health problems (comorbidities) it causes. ...
A gastroenterostomy is the surgical creation of a connection between the stomach and the jejunum. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
lower GI: Duodenal switch - Colectomy - Colostomy - Ileostomy - Appendicectomy The Duodenal Switch (also known as Bilio-Pancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch) procedure is a weight loss surgery that alters the gastrointestinal tract with two approaches: a restrictive aspect and a malabsorptive aspect. ...
Colectomy is the surgical procedure by means of which part of the colon is removed. ...
A colostomy is a surgical procedure that involves connecting a part of the colon onto the anterior abdominal wall, leaving the patient with an opening on the abdomen called a stoma. ...
An ileostomy is a stoma that has been constructed by bringing the end of the small intestine (the ileum) out onto the surface of the skin. ...
endoscopy: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - Colonoscopy - Proctoscopy - Sigmoidoscopy | | Accessory | liver: Hepatectomy - Liver transplantation - Artificial extracorporeal liver support (Liver dialysis, Bioartificial liver devices) gallbladder/bile duct: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography - Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography - Cholecystectomy Endoscopic images of a duodenal ulcer A flexible endoscope. ...
Endoscopic still of esophageal ulcers seen after banding of esophageal varices, at time of esophagogastroduodenosocopy In medicine (gastroenterology), esophagogastroduodenoscopy is a diagnostic endoscopic procedure that visualises the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract up to the duodenum. ...
Colonoscopy is the minimally invasive endoscopic examination of the large colon and the distal part of the small bowel with a CCD camera or a fiber optic camera on a flexible tube passed through the anus. ...
A medical procedure where an instrument, consisting of a tube or speculum equipped with a light, used to examine the rectum. ...
Sigmoidoscope inserted through the anus and rectum and into the sigmoid colon. ...
For the bird, see Liver bird. ...
Hepatectomy consists on the surgical resection of the liver. ...
Artificial extracorporeal liver support is term that is used to describe measures that are used to carry-out liver function and are outside of the body. ...
Liver dialysis or artificial extracorporeal liver support is a detoxification treatment for liver failure and has shown promise for patients with hepatorenal syndrome. ...
A bioartificial liver device (BAL) is an artificial extracorporeal supportive device for an individual who is suffering from acute liver failure. ...
The gallbladder (or cholecyst, sometimes gall bladder) is a pear-shaped organ that stores about 50 ml of bile (or gall) until the body needs it for digestion. ...
A bile duct is any of a number of long tube-like structures that carry bile. ...
Duodenoscopic image of two pigment stones extracted from common bile duct after sphincterotomy Fluoroscopic image of common bile duct stone seen at the time of ERCP. The stone is impacted in the distal common bile duct. ...
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTHC) is a diagnostic test used to visualize the anatomy of the biliary tract. ...
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy as seen through laparoscope X-Ray during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Cholecystectomy (, plural: cholecystectomies,) is the surgical removal of the gallbladder. ...
pancreas: Pancreatectomy - Pancreaticoduodenectomy - Pancreas transplantation - Puestow procedure - Frey's procedure | | Other | Herniorrhaphy - Laparotomy - Paracentesis | |
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