Many Iraqis identify more or less strongly with a tribe ('ashira), and some feel a stronger loyalty to their clans or tribes than to any national government. Thirty of the 150 or so identifiable tribes in Iraq are the most influential. Tribes are grouped into federations (qabila). Below the level of the tribe, there are the clan (fukhdh), the house (beit) and the extended family (khams).

On its accession to power in 1968, the Ba'ath party announced its opposition to tribalism (al-qabaliyya), although for pragmatic reasons, especially during the war with Iran, tribalism was sometimes tolerated or even encouraged. Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the 1968 Gregorian calendar. ...

List of major tribes ('ashira)

External Links To Maps: Major Iraqi Tribes and Clans http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/7155/257/1600/iraq-majortribes2.png Tribal Genealogy http://healingiraq.blogspot.com/iraq-tribalgen2.GIF Iraq Tribes http://healingiraq.blogspot.com/tribalmap.JPG Legend for Previous Map http://healingiraq.blogspot.com/legend.JPG

Federations (qabila)

• AL-BU MUHAMMAD centered in the Maysan governorate
• 'ANZA (pronounced 'Aniza) federation
• 'AZZA federation around Balad
• DULAYM centered in the Anbar governorate
  • Al-Bu Fahd group (Al-Bu Fahad)
  • Al-Bu Nimr (from al-Ramadi)
  • Al-Mahamda
  • Al-Falahat
  • Al-Bu Dhiyab
  • Al-Bu Mahhal
  • Al-Bu Issa (in Fallujah)
  • Al-Jumeilat (in Fallujah)
  • Al-Karabla
  • Al-Bu Assaf
  • Al-Bu Risha
  • Al-Bu Alwan
  • Al-Bu Farraj
• JUBOUR
• BANI KA'B federation centered south of the city of Basra and across the border in the Khuzestan province of Iran
• KHAZA'IL
• BANI LAM
• MUNTAFIQ
  • Al-Sa'dun clan (tribal leaders)
  • Bani Malik
  • Bani Khalid (plural al-Khawalid)
  • Bani Qais (Al-Qaisiyun)
  • Bani Sa'id
  • Bani Hassan (southern Iraq)
  • Bani Khafaja
  • Abbouda
  • Al-Bu Salih
  • Al-Mayyah
  • Al-Izayrij
  • Bani Zaid
  • Al-Sharifat (An-Naasriya, south of Iraq)
  • Al-Ghizi
  • Al-Hameed
  • Al-Wishah (An-Naasriya, south of Iraq)
• RABI'A (pronounced Rubai'a) centered around the Kut city area
• Shammar in the Ninawa governorate
• BANI TAMIM (sometimes written Timim or Temim) in central and southern Iraq
  • al-Suhail clan (tribal leaders) near Abu Ghuraib
  • al-Turshan section centered in the Diyala governorate
  • al-Kan'an section in the Basra governorate and across the border in the Khuzestan province of Iran
• Tikriti federation
  • Al-Bu Nasir (includes Saddam Hussein)
  • Al-Bu Ajeel
  • Al-Shaya'isha
• 'UBAYD (in al-'Alam and Tarmiya)
• ZUBAYD
  • Note: The 'AZZA, DULAYM, JABUR, Janabi and 'UBAYD federations above are all sub-sections of the

ZUBAYD Categories: Stub | Provinces of Iraq ... Balad (Arabic: بلد) is a city 50 miles (80 kilometres) north of Baghdad in Iraq. ... Al Anbar (Arabic: ) is a province in the nation of Iraq. ... The Bani Kaab are an Arab tribal group of Kuwaiti origin which settled in western Khuzestan, a province in southwestern Iran, during the 16th century CE. Categories: Ethnic group stubs | Arab groups ... Location of Basra Basra (Arabic: ‎; BGN: Al Başrah) is the second largest city of Iraq with an estimated population of 2,600,000 (2003). ... The Arabs of Khuzestan are one of the ethnic groups of Iran inhabiting the province of Khuzestan. ... Kūt (كوت; also known as Kut-Al-Imara and Kut El Amara) is a city in eastern Iraq, on the left bank of the Tigris River, about 100 miles south east of Baghdad, at 32. ... The tribe of Shammar (Arabic: Šammar) is one of the largest tribes of Arabia, with over six million people in the Middle East. ... Ninawa (in Arabic: نینوا ,in kurdish: Neynewa ) in Assyrian: Nineve is a governorate (province) in Iraq, and the Arabic name for the biblical city of Nineveh in Assyria. ... The Bani Tamim is a large and powerful Arab tribe primarily located in Najd, central and southern Iraq and the Iranian province of Khuzestan. ... Map of Iraq highlighting Abu Ghraib The city of Abu Ghraib (BGN/PCGN romanization: Abū Ghurayb; أبو غريب in Arabic) in Iraq is located 32 kilometres (20 mi) west of Baghdads city center, or some 15 km northwest of Baghdad International Airport. ... Diyala is one of the constituent governorates of the nation of Iraq. ... Location of Basra Basra (Arabic: ‎; BGN: Al Başrah) is the second largest city of Iraq with an estimated population of 2,600,000 (2003). ... The Arabs of Khuzestan are one of the ethnic groups of Iran inhabiting the province of Khuzestan. ... Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti (28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was the fifth President of Iraq and Chairman of the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council from 1979 until his overthrow by US forces in 2003. ...

Baghdad area

• BANI TAMIM
• Shammar
  • Shammer Jarba ( Mostly Sunni)
  • Shammer Toga ( Mostly Shia)
  • Zoba
• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Janabi
• Al-Nidawat
• Al-Ubayd
• Al-Azza
• Al-Akabi
• Al-Bu Mohammed
• Al-Bu Aitha
• Al-Bu Amir
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Mujama'
• Al-Ghrair
• Al-Ugaydat
• Al-Anbariyeen
• Al-Qarraghul
• Al-Dafaf'a
• Al-Bu Muhyi
• Bani Saad
• Bani Lam
• Rubai'a
• Khazraj
• Shammar Toga

The Bani Tamim is a large and powerful Arab tribe primarily located in Najd, central and southern Iraq and the Iranian province of Khuzestan. ... The tribe of Shammar (Arabic: Å ammar) is one of the largest tribes of Arabia, with over six million people in the Middle East. ...

Mosul area

• Al-Dulaim (100,000, most of them in western Anbar province)
• Al-Hayali
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Lihaib
• Al-Bu Hamad
• Al-Bu Hamdan
• Al-Bu Badran
• Al-Bu Mitaywit
• Al-Ugaydat
• Al-Jihaysh
• Hadid
• Bayyat
• Khazraj
  • Descendants of the Khazraj section of the Ansar
• Shammar
• Tayy
  • Note: SHAMMAR is a subsection of the Tayy

Ansar (Arabic: الأنصار, meaning aiders, or patrons) refer to a class of warriors who are renouned for there arsenal of weapons and the speed and mobility of there arabian horse. ... The tribe of Shammar (Arabic: Šammar) is one of the largest tribes of Arabia, with over six million people in the Middle East. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Tikrit area

• Al-Bu Nasir (in Tikrit)
• Al-Bu Latif
• Hadithiyyin
  • Rifa'iyyin
• Al-Ubayd
• Al-Azza
• Al-Bu Farraj
  • Jawa'ina (in Baiji)
• Lihayb (in Sharqat)
• Al-Mushahadah (in Tarmiya)
  • An individual from this tribe will have the name of Mash-hadani
• Al-Mashayikh in Tarmiya and in Al-Hawejah(The individual called Al-Mashayikhi)

Najaf area

• Al-Bu Dush---al-shibil
• Al-Fatla---al-shibil
• Al-Ghazalat
• Al-Jaryu (the shiekh is shammar)
• Al-'Isa (the shiekh is mosa)
• Al-Shibil (the biggest relativ in najaf)--shammar
• Al-Zagarit
• Bani Hassan
• Bani Assad
• Kaab---al-shibil
• Abu Gulal

Hilla area

• Al-Bu Sultan
• Al-Bu Amir
• Al-Masoud
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Janabi
• Al-Ma'amra
• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Qarraghul
• Shammar
• Zoba'a
• Zubayd

• Jihaysh
• Khafaja

Amarah area

• Bani Lam
• Al-Bu Mohammed
• Al-Izayrij
• Al-Bu Darraj
• Al-Sudan
• Al-Beidhan
• Al-Sarai
• Al-Bahadil
• Al-Suwa'id
• Al-Issa
• Al-Maryan
• Al-Bazzoun

Basra area

• BANI KA'B
• Bani Malik
• Bani Assad
• Bani Mansour
• BANI TAMIM
• Bani Khalid
• Al-Shirish
• Al-Sayamur
• Al-Mayyah
• Al-Duwasir (Bedouin)
• Al-Mutawr
• Al-Mutayr (Bedouin)
• Al-Halaf
• Al-Eidan
• Al-Gatarna
• Al-Garamsha
• Al-Suwa'id
• Al-Ghanim
• Khafaja
• Rubai'a

The Bani Kaab are an Arab tribal group of Kuwaiti origin which settled in western Khuzestan, a province in southwestern Iran, during the 16th century CE. Categories: Ethnic group stubs | Arab groups ... The Bani Tamim is a large and powerful Arab tribe primarily located in Najd, central and southern Iraq and the Iranian province of Khuzestan. ...

Nasiriyah area

• Al-Bu Salih (Alrumaieth, Nassrallah)
• Al-Sa'eed
• Al-Abbouda (the ruling tribe)
• Al-Jawabir
• Al-Dhufayr
• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Qarraghul
• Al-Husseinat
• Al-Sharifat
• Al-Shuwailat
• Al-Ghizi
• Al-Bidor
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Wishah (Shammar Toga)
• Bani Rikab
• Bani Hassan
• Bani Khaigan
• Bani Assad
• Bani Zaid
• Chinana
• Hacham
• Shammar Toga
• Al-Sa'doun (Tribal leaders of the Muntafiq federation that ruled southern Iraq, Kuwait and northern Arabia)

Ad Diwaniyah area

• Khaza'il
• Al-Bidayr
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Agra'
• Al-Zeyad
• Al-Ibrahim
• Al-Bahahtha
• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Zirfat
• Al-Kurd
• Al-A'ajeeb
• Al-Ardhiyat
• Al-Izayrij
• Bani Hacheem
• Afaj
• Zubayd
• Chabsha

Kut area

• Rubai'a
  • Al-Shohman
• Zubayd
• Shammar Toga
• Bani Lam
• Giraish
• Al-Mayyah
• Al-Magasis
• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Jubour

Kirkuk area

• Al-Ubayd
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Ni'aim
• Al-Bayyat
• Al-Azza
• Al-Tamimi
• Bani Zaid
• Shammar
• Harb
• Qays
• Jibari (Kurdish)
• Dawoudi (Kurdish)
• Salehi (Kurdish)
• Shwann (Kurdish)
• Zengena (Kurdish)

Baquba area

• Shammar
• Bani Tamim
• Bani Zaid
• Bani Ways
• Bani Lam
• Al-Azza
• Al-Ubayd
• Al-Ambakiya
• Al-Bayyat
• Al-Girtan
• Al-Tatran
• Al-Ma'amra
• Al-Jubour
• Al-Mujama'
• Al-Dafaf'a
• Al-Sigoug
• Al-Karkhiya
• Al-Khishalat
• Al-Maghamis
• Al-Zuhairiya
• Al-Dainiya
• Al-Suwa'id
• Al-Dilfiya
• Al-Ridainiya
• Al-Nida
• Al-Sumaida'
• Al-Bu Jawari
• Qays
• Khafaja
• Rubai'a
• Shammar Toga

Ramadi area

• Al-Dulaym
• Al-Ugaydat
• Al-Jaghayfa
• Al-Lihaib
• Al-Halabsa
• Al-Ma'adhid
• Al-Jubour
• Shammar
• Zoba'a (Zoba is a subsection of Shammer)
• Aniza

Other northern tribes

• Al-Bayyat
  • It is said that this was originally a Turkmen tribe

that later mixed with the al-'UBAYD

• Al-Hadid (plural al-Hadidiyun)
• The Bani Harb
• Al-Saadun
• Al-Shammawi
• 'UBAYD (in the southern Haweeja plains)

Basra Families

• Descendants of the noble family of the Prophet Muhammad
  • Barakat
  • al-Naqib
• From the Bani Khalid (Khawalid)
  • Muhammad Al-'Isa
  • Al-'Abdul-Wahid
• Najdi families
  • al-Zuhair
• Other families
  • al-Khudairy
  • al-Mandeel
  • al-Nama
  • al-Rasheed
  • al-Thukair
  • Baraak
  • Basha-Ayan
  • Bacha-Chi
  • Sheikh Khaz'al
  • Khan (Mohammed Khan Family)

Banū Hāshim (Arabic: بنو هاشم) was a clan in the Quraish tribe. ... Najd or Nejd (Arabic: Naǧd) is a region in central Saudi Arabia and the location of the nations capital, Riyadh. ...

Bedouin tribes

• 'ANIZA (pronounced 'Iniza) (The Royal families of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Bahrain are traced to this tribe. The sheikh general lives in western Iraq. This is one of the largest Arab Bedouin tribes, with clans in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Gulf countries, Iraq, Jordan, Palestine, Syria, Turkey and Egypt.)
• Al-Dhufayr
• Al-Ghalal
• Al-Hassan
• Al-Mutayr
• Al-Sulayb
• Al-Bu Mitaywit
• Harb
• Shammar
  • Al-Kharsa
  • Sinjara
  • Zoba'a
  • Al-Sayih
• Bani Khalid (plural Al-Khawalid)
• AL- Noor

The tribe of Shammar (Arabic: Å ammar) is one of the largest tribes of Arabia, with over six million people in the Middle East. ...

Descendants of the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad

• Al-Awadi (Najaf)
• Al-Mossawi Al Yaseen (Najaf)
• Al-Mushahadah in Tarmiya
• Al-Ni'aym in Kirkuk, Hawija and Baghdad
• Al-Bu Milais in Samarra
• Al-Bu Badri in Samarra
• Al-Bu Baz in Samarra
• Al-Bu Aswad in Samarra
• Al-Bu Abbas in Samarra
• Al-Bu Darraj in Samarra
• Al-Bu Issa in Samarra
• Al-Bu Nissan in Samarra
• Al-Bu Udhaym in Samarra
• Al-Marasma in Balad, Samarra and Baquba
• Al-Tarabla in Tikrit
• Al-Bu Nasir in Tikrit
• Al-Hadid (plural al-Hadidiyun)
• Al-Naqib family in Basra
• Al-Sadoun in Basra
• Al-Ridaini in Basra
• Barakat family in Basra
• Al-Hakim family in Najaf
• Kamuna family in Najaf
• Al-Qizwini family in Najaf
• Al-Tabataba'i family in Najaf
• Bahr Al-Uloom family in Najaf
• Al-Khoei family in Najaf
• Al-Kharsan family in Najaf
• Al-Zuwain family in Najaf
• Al-Zaini family in Najaf
• Al-Taliqani family in Najaf
• Al-Allaq family in Najaf
• Al-Faqih family in Najaf
• Al-Jaza'iri family in Najaf
• Al-Keshwan family in Najaf
• Al-Hilu family in Najaf
• Al-Safi family in Najaf
• Al-Ghraifi family in Najaf
• Al-Sharmuti family in Najaf
• Al-Hamami family in Najaf
• Al-Abu Tubikh family in Najaf
• Al-Yasir in Najaf
• Shubbar family in Najaf
• Al-Saraf family in Najaf
• Al-Adhari in Al Diwaniyah
• Al-Suwafi in Diwaniyah
• Hashimi family in Baghdad, descendants of the former royal family
• Al-Gailani family in Baghdad
• Al-Haideri family in Baghdad
• Al-Alusi family in Baghdad
• Al-Tatar family in Baghdad
• Al-Wa'idh family in Baghdad
• Al-Witri family in Baghdad
• Al-Shahristani family in Baghdad
• Al-Sadr family in Baghdad and Najaf
• Al-Haboubi family in Baghdad and Najaf
• Utayfa family in Baghdad
• Witwit family in Hilla
• Al-Rifa'i family in Basra, Baghdad, Samarra and Ana
• Al-Muwashit in Ad-Dawr
• Al-Mishayikhoun in Dujail
• Al-A'raji family in Mosul, Baghdad and Najaf
• Al-Husseini family in Mosul
• Al-Bu Sab'a in Mosul
• Al-Sada in Tal Afar
• Al-Barzanchi family in Sulaimaniya and Arbil
• Al-Naqshabandi family in Sulaimaniya
• Al-Kasnazani family in Kirkuk
• Al-Talabani family in Kirkuk
• Al-Dawudi family in Kirkuk
• Al-Rijaibat in Kirkuk and Baquba
• Al-Kaysey in Baghdad

Map showing Samarra near Baghdad Sāmarrā (سامراء) is a town in Iraq ( ). It stands on the east bank of the Tigris in the Salah ad Din Governorate, 125 km north of Baghdad and, in 2002, had an estimated population of 201,700. ... Baquba (بعقوبه; also transliterated as Baqubah and Baqouba) is the capital of Iraqs Diyala province. ... Looking north along the Tigris towards Saddams Presidential palace in April 2003 Tikrit (تكريت, TikrÄ«t also transliterated as Takrit or Tekrit) is a town in Iraq, located 140 km northwest of Baghdad on the Tigris river (at 34. ... Location of Basra Basra (Arabic: ‎; BGN: Al BaÅŸrah) is the second largest city of Iraq with an estimated population of 2,600,000 (2003). ... Al-Hakim is one of the names of Allah and may also refer to Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah -- a Fatimid caliph Abdel-Aziz al-Hakim -- a Iraq, a President of Governing Council (2003) after the USA intervention in Iraq. ... Najaf (Arabic: ‎; BGN: An Najaf) is a city in Iraq about 160 km south of Baghdad. ... Najaf (Arabic: ‎; BGN: An Najaf) is a city in Iraq about 160 km south of Baghdad. ... Grand Ayatollah Abul-Qassim Khoei (1899 – August 8, 1992) was an important Shia Ayatollah, who at one point was considered the premiere leader of Shias across the world. ... Al Diwaniyah (sometimes called Ad Diwaniyah) is the capital city of Iraqs Al Qadisyah province. ... Baghdad (Arabic: ) is the capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate. ... Al Hillah is a city in central Iraq on the river Euphrates, 100km (62 miles) south of Baghdad, with an estimated population of 364,700 in 1998. ... Ad-Dawr is a small agricultural town near the Iraqi town of Tikrit, Saddam Husseins birthplace. ... Dujail (, Arabic: الدجيل; alternate spelling: Ad Dujayl) is a small Shiite town in northern Iraq. ... Mosul (Arabic: , Kurdish: موصل Mûsil, Syriac: NînÄ›wâ, Turkish: Musul) is a city in northern Iraq and the capital of the Ninawa Governorate. ... Tal Afar (also Tal Afar, Tall Afar, Tell Afar, Tel Afar) (in Arabic: تل عفر, in Kurdish: Telehfer) (also تلعفر) is a city in northern Iraq, about 30 miles west of Mosul. ... Sulaymaniyah (Arabic: as-sulaymānÄ«yä, Kurdish: Slêmanî) is a city in the southeast of greater Kurdistan (the Kurdish-speaking region of the Middle East). ... Arbil (also written Erbil or Irbil; BGN: ArbÄ«l; Arabic: , ArbÄ«l; Kurdish: , Hewlêr; Syriac: ܐܪܒܝܠ, Arbela, Turkish: Erbil) is believed by many to be one of the oldest continuously-inhabited cities in the world and is one of the larger cities in Iraq [1] [2] [3]. The city lies... Kirkuk (also spelled Karkuk or Kerkuk; Arabic: كركوك, KirkÅ«k; Kurdish: كه‌ركووك, Kerkûk; Syriac: ܐܪܦܗܐ, Arrapha; Persian: کرکوک; Turkish: Kerkük) is a city in northern Iraq and capital of Taamim Governorate. ...

Others, to be classified

• Harb (in ad-Dur)
• Al-Fallujiyyin (in Falluja)

Related organizations

• Iraq Tribes Council
• National Council of Iraqi Tribes
• National Alliance of Tribes and Clans of Iraq
• Democratic Grouping of Iraqi Tribes
• Iraqi Sheikhs Council (ISC).., Ref.: Sheikh M.Al-ABDULWAHID (Al-Khaledi)

External links

• [http://customwire.ap.org/dynamic/files/specials/interactives/iraqtribe/index.html?

SITE=DCTMS&%20SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT Arab Tribes in Iraq] - Associated Press analysis

• Healing Iraq

References

• Tripp, Charles (2000) A History of Iraq. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-55404-7/ISBN 0-521-55633-3
• Al-Azzawi, Abbas (1956) The Tribes of Iraq. Baghdad Press, Iraq.
• Al-Samarra'i, Younis Al-Sheikh Ibrahim (1989) Iraqi Tribes. Al-Sharaf Al-Jedid Press, Baghdad, Iraq.
• Al-Samarra'i, Younis Al-Sheikh Ibrahim (1986) Hashimi Tribes and Families in Iraq. Al-Umma Press, Baghdad, Iraq.