NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Archibald Henderson

Archibald Henderson (January 21, 1783 – January 6, 1859) was the longest-serving Commandant of the Marine Corps, serving from 1820 to 1859. He is often referred to as the "Grand old man of the Marine Corps," serving in the Corps for 53 years Image File history File links 005_Henderson. ... Official website: http://www. ... Stanford is a city located in Lincoln County, Kentucky. ... United States Marine Corps Emblem The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is the second smallest of the five branches of the United States armed forces, with 170,000 active and 40,000 reserve Marines as of 2002. ... Colonel is a military rank of a commissioned officer, with the corresponding ranks existing in nearly every country in the world. ... The Commandant of the United States Marine Corps is the highest ranking officer of the United States Marine Corps, who is a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and reports to the Secretary of the Navy but not to the Chief of Naval Operations. ... The War of 1812 (in Britain, the American War of 1812 to 1815), was fought between the United States and British Empire from 1812 to 1815, on land in North America and at sea around the world. ... Indian Wars is the name used by historians in the United States to describe a series of conflicts between the United States and Native American peoples (Indians) of North America. ... Source: http://www. ... January 21 is the 21st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1783 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... January 6 is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1859 (MDCCCLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ... The Commandant of the United States Marine Corps is the highest ranking officer of the United States Marine Corps, who is a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and reports to the Secretary of the Navy but not to the Chief of Naval Operations. ...

Born in Fairfax County, Virginia, Henderson was commissioned in 1806. He served on the USS Contitution during her famous victories in the War of 1812. He participated in several shipboard engagements and was decorated for bravery. Official website: http://www. ... For the Ocean Liner, see SS Constitution. ... The War of 1812 (in Britain, the American War of 1812 to 1815), was fought between the United States and British Empire from 1812 to 1815, on land in North America and at sea around the world. ...

From September 16, 1818 to March 2, 1819, Henderson was the acting Commandant. In 1820, Lieutenant Colonel Henderson was appointed the fifth Commandant of the Corps. September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... 1818 (MDCCCXVIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... March 2 is the 61st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (62nd in leap years). ... 1819 common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... In the U.S. Army, Air Force and Marine Corps, a lieutenant colonel is a commissioned officer superior to a major and inferior to a colonel. ...

Henderson is credited with thwarting attempts by President Andrew Jackson to combine the Marine Corps with the Army in 1829. Instead, Congress passed the Act for the Better Organization of the Marine Corps in 1834, ensuring the Marines would remain part of the United States Department of the Navy. The presidential seal was used by President Hayes in 1880 and last modified in 1959 by adding the 50th star for Hawaii. ... Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 â€“ June 8, 1845) was the seventh President of the United States (1829-1837), first governor of Florida (1821), general of the Battle of New Orleans (1815), a founder of the Democratic Party, and the eponym of the era of Jacksonian democracy. ... The United States Army is the branch of the United States armed forces that has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... Congress in Joint Session. ... Seal The United States Department of the Navy was established by an Act of Congress on April 30, 1798, to provide administrative and technical support, and civilian leadership to the United States Navy and Marine Corps. ...

He went into the field as commandant during the Indian campaigns in Florida and Georgia during 1836 and 1837, and was promoted brevet brigadier general for his actions in these campaigns. Tradition holds that he pinned a note to his door that read, "Gone to Florida to fight the Indians. Will be back when the war is over." Indian Wars is the name used by historians in the United States to describe a series of conflicts between the United States and Native American peoples (Indians) of North America. ... Official language(s) English Capital Tallahassee Largest city Jacksonville Area Ranked 22nd - Total 65,794 sq. ... The word brevet has several meanings: In the military, brevet refers to a warrant authorizing a commissioned officer to temporarily hold a higher rank, without a corresponding pay increase. ... A Brigadier General, or one-star general, is the lowest rank of general officer in the United States and some other countries, ranking just above Colonel and just below Major General. ...

Marines also fought during the Mexican-American War during his tenure. The sword presented to Henderson upon completion of the action was inscribed with the words, "From Tripoli to the Halls of the Montezumas," giving the opening words to the Marines Corps hymn. Combatants United States Mexico Commanders Zachary Taylor Winfield Scott Stephen W. Kearney Antonio LÃ³pez de Santa Anna Mariano Arista Pedro de Ampudia Strength 60,000 40,000 Casualties KIA: 1,733 Total dead: 13,283 Wounded: 4,152 25,000 (Mexican government estimate) The Mexican-American War was fought... The Marines hymn is the official hymn of the United States Marine Corps. ...

General Henderson died suddenly on January 6, 1859. According to Marine lore, the Colonel Commandant had attempted to will his home — actually government-provided quarters — to his heirs. He is buried in the Congressional Cemetery. January 6 is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1859 (MDCCCLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ... Congressional Cemetery The Congressional Cemetery is a historic cemetery located near the Anacostia River in Washington, DC. It is the final resting place of many members of the United States Congress, most of whom died in Washington while Congress was in session or afterwards when they were too ill to...

USS Henderson (AP-1) was named for him. The first USS Henderson (AP-1) was a transport in the United States Navy during World War I and World War II. In 1943, she was converted to a hospital ship and commissioned as USS Bountiful (AH-9). ...

References

Categories: 1783 births | 1859 deaths | People from Virginia | United States Marine Corps Commandants | United States Marine Corps officers | War of 1812 people The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... The Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (DANFS for short) is the primary reference work for the basic facts about every ship ever used by the United States Navy. ... Anthony Gale (born September 17, 1782 in Dublin, Ireland) was the fourth Commandant of the United States Marine Corps and the only one ever fired. ... The Commandant of the United States Marine Corps is the highest ranking officer of the United States Marine Corps, who is a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and reports to the Secretary of the Navy but not to the Chief of Naval Operations. ... Colonel John Harris (May 20, 1790 - May 12, 1864) was the sixth Commandant of the Marine Corps. ...