coxal/hip: iliofemoral - pubofemoral - ischiofemoral - head of femur - transverse acetabular A joint (from French joint) (articulation) is the location at which two bones make contact (articulate). ... A ligament is a short band of tough fibrous connective tissue composed mainly of long, stringy collagen fibres. ... In common usage, a human leg is the lower limb of the body, extending from the hip to the ankle, and including the thigh, the knee, and the cnemis. ... In anatomy, the hip is the bony projection of the femur, known as the greater trochanter, and the overlying muscle and fat. ... The iliofemoral ligament (Y-ligament; ligament of Bigelow) is a band of great strength which lies in front of the hip joint; it is intimately connected with the joint capsule, and serves to strengthen the joint by resisting hyperextension. ... The pubocapsular ligament (pubofemoral ligament) is a ligament on the inferior side of the of the hip joint. ... The ischiocapsular ligament (ischiofemoral ligament, ischiocapsular band; ligament of Bertin) consists of a triangular band of strong fibers on the posterior side of the hip joint. ... The ligament of the head of the femur is a triangular, somewhat flattened band implanted by its apex into the antero-superior part of the fovea capitis femoris; its base is attached by two bands, one into either side of the acetabular notch, and between these bony attachments it blends... The Transverse Acetabular Ligament (transverse ligament) is in reality a portion of the acetabular labrum, though differing from it in having no cartilage cells among its fibers. ...

knee-joint: patellar - popliteal (oblique, arcuate) - collateral (medial/tibial, fibular) - cruciate (anterior, posterior) - menisci (medial, lateral) In human anatomy, the knee is the lower extremity joint connecting the femur and the tibia. ... The Patellar ligament (anterior ligament) is the central portion of the common tendon of the Quadriceps femoris, which is continued from the patella to the tuberosity of the tibia. ... The oblique popliteal ligament (posterior ligament) is a broad, flat, fibrous band, formed of fasciculi separated from one another by apertures for the passage of vessels and nerves. ... Diagram of the knee The medial collateral ligament (or MCL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. ... The Fibular Collateral Ligament (external lateral or long external lateral ligament) is a strong, rounded, fibrous cord, attached, above, to the back part of the lateral condyle of the femur, immediately above the groove for the tendon of the Popliteus; below, to the lateral side of the head of the... The anterior cruciate ligament (or ACL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. ... Diagram of the knee The posterior cruciate ligament (or PCL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. ... In anatomy, a meniscus is either of two parts of the human knee. ... The medial meniscus (internal semilunar fibrocartilage) is nearly semicircular in form, a little elongated from before backward, and broader behind than in front; its anterior end, thin and pointed, is attached to the anterior intercondyloid fossa of the tibia, in front of the anterior cruciate ligament; its posterior end is... The lateral meniscus (external semilunar fibrocartilage) is nearly circular and covers a larger portion of the articular surface than the medial meniscus. ...

superior tibiofibular The superior tibiofibular articulation is an arthrodial joint between the lateral condyle of the tibia and the head of the fibula. ...

inferior tibiofibular The inferior tibiofibular articulation (tibiofibular syndesmosis) is formed by the rough, convex surface of the medial side of the lower end of the fibula, and a rough concave surface on the lateral side of the tibia. ...

talocrural/ankle: deltoid - external lateral of the ankle-joint (anterior talofibular - posterior talofibular - calcaneofibular) Grays Fig. ... The anterior and posterior talofibular and the calcaneofibular ligaments were formerly described as the three fasciculi of the external lateral ligament of the ankle-joint. ... The anterior talofibular ligament passes from the anterior margin of the fibular malleolus, forward and medially, to the talus, in front of its lateral articular facet. ... The posterior talofibular ligament, runs almost horizontally from the depression at the medial and back part of the fibular malleolus to a prominent tubercle on the posterior surface of the talus immediately lateral to the groove for the tendon of the Flexor hallucis longus. ... The calcaneofibular ligament is a narrow, rounded cord, running from the apex of the fibular malleolus downward and slightly backward to a tubercle on the lateral surface of the calcaneus. ...

intertarsal-subtalar/talocalcaneal: anterior talocalcaneal - posterior talocalcaneal - lateral talocalcaneal - medial talocalcaneal - interosseous talocalcaneal Intertarsal articulations are the joints of the tarsus. ... For a review of anatomical terms, see Anatomical position and Anatomical terms of location. ... The anterior talocalcaneal ligament (anterior calcaneo-astragaloid ligament) extends from the front and lateral surface of the neck of the talus to the superior surface of the calcaneus. ... The posterior talocalcaneal ligament (posterior calcaneo-astragaloid ligament) connects the lateral tubercle of the talus with the upper and medial part of the calcaneus; it is a short band, and its fibers radiate from their narrow attachment to the talus. ... The lateral talocalcaneal ligament (external calcaneo-astragaloid ligament) is a short, strong fasciculus, passing from the lateral surface of the talus, immediately beneath its fibular facet to the lateral surface of the calcaneus. ... The medial talocalcaneal ligament (internal calcaneo-astragaloid ligament) connects the medial tubercle of the back of the talus with the back of the sustentaculum tali. ... The interosseous talocalcaneal ligament forms the chief bond of union between the bones. ...

intertarsal-talocalcaneonavicular: dorsal talonavicular The Talocalcaneonavicular Articulation is an arthrodial joint: the rounded head of the talus being received into the concavity formed by the posterior surface of the navicular, the anterior articular surface of the calcaneus, and the upper surface of the planter calcaneonavicular ligament. ... The dorsal talonavicular ligament is a broad, thin band, which connects the neck of the talus to the dorsal surface of the navicular bone; it is covered by the Extensor tendons. ...

intertarsal-calcaneocuboid: dorsal calcaneocuboid - bifurcated - long plantar - plantar calcaneocuboid Calcaneocuboid Articulation (articulation of the calcaneus with the cuboid). ... The dorsal calcaneocuboid ligament (superior calcaneocuboid ligament) is a thin but broad fasciculus, which passes between the contiguous surfaces of the calcaneus and cuboid, on the dorsal surface of the joint. ... The bifurcated ligament (internal calcaneocuboid, interosseous ligament, bifurcate ligament) is a strong band, attached behind to the deep hollow on the upper surface of the calcaneus and dividing in front in a Y-shaped manner into a calcaneocuboid and a calcaneonavicular part. ... The long plantar ligament (long calcaneocuboid ligament; superficial long plantar ligament) is a long ligament on the underside of the foot that connects the calcaneus with the cuboid bone. ... The plantar calcaneocuboid ligament (short calcaneocuboid ligament; short plantar ligament) is a ligament on the bottom of the foot that connects the calcaneus to the cuboid bone. ...

intertarsal-transverse tarsal: plantar calcaneonavicular/spring The transverse tarsal joint is formed by the articulation of the calcaneus with the cuboid, and the articulation of the talus with the navicular. ... The plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (also known as the spring ligament) is a ligament on the underside of the foot that connects the calcaneus with the navicular bone. ...

cuneonavicular, cuboideonavicular, intercuneiform and cuneocuboid, tarsometatarsal/Lisfranc, intermetatarsal, metatarsophalangeal, interphalangeal Cuneonavicular Articulation (articulation of the navicular with the cuneiform bones). ... Cuneonavicular Articulation (articulation of the navicular with the cuneiform bones). ... Intercuneiform and Cuneocuboid Articulations. ... Tarsometatarsal Articulations - These are arthrodial joints. ... The Lisfranc joint in the foot is a tarsometatarsal joint and collectively refers to the multiple articulations between the forefoot and midfoot. ... Intermetatarsal Articulations - The base of the first metatarsal is not connected with that of the second by any ligaments; in this respect the great toe resembles the thumb. ... The metatarsophalangeal articulations are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metatarsal bones in shallow cavities on the ends of the first phalanges. ... The interphalangeal articulations of the foot (articulations of the phalanges) are ginglymoid joints, and each has a plantar and two collateral ligaments. ...

arches of the foot (longitudinal, transverse) In order to allow it to support the weight of the body in the erect posture with the least expenditure of material, the foot is constructed of a series of arches formed by the tarsal and metatarsal bones, and strengthened by the ligaments and tendons of the foot. ... The Longitudinal arch of the foot can be broken down into several smaller arches: // The main arches are the antero-posterior arches, which may, for descriptive purposes, be regarded as divisible into two types—a medial and a lateral. ... In addition to the longitudinal arches the foot presents a series of transverse arches. ...