Ardoyne (Ard Eoin in Irish, meaning Owen's height, Glenard means high glen)Old name Edenderry ( Heavnly, Oak tree,) is a predominantly Irish nationalist and Catholic district in North Belfast, Northern Ireland, made famous by the disproportionate number of incidents during "The Troubles". It is home to approximately 6,000 inhabitants. It originally(1860's?) consisted of rows of millworkers houses clustered in streets such as Brookfield Street, Herbert Street, Butler Street very close to the Passionist Fathers church of Holy Cross but in the early 1930's a new estate known as Glenard was built. Later still a small private estate known as Mountainview was built beside the Ardoyne Fire Station, opposite the shops lining the Crumlin Rd. Some time after the troubles started "Old" Ardoyne as it was known-the 1860's streets-was largely redeveloped with many of the old streets disappearing completely. An Irish nationalist is generally one who seeks (greater) independence of Ireland from Great Britain, including since 1921 the goal of a United Ireland. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Statistics Province: Northern Ireland County: District: Belfast UK Parliament: Belfast North Belfast South Belfast East Belfast West European Parliament: Northern Ireland Dialling Code: 028, +44 28 posttown = Belfast Postal District(s): BT1-BT17, BT29 (part of), BT58 Area: 115 km² Population (2001) Website: www. ... Northern Ireland (Irish: ) is a part of the United Kingdom lying in the northeast of the island of Ireland, covering 5,459 square miles (14,139 km², about a sixth of the islands total area). ... For other uses, see Troubles (disambiguation) and Trouble. ...

Ardoyne mural Gaelic games

Republican paramilitary organisations have had a major influence in the area from the start of The Troubles in 1969 when parts of Ardoyne were invaded by loyalist elements with many houses being burnt. There were many incidents involving these groups and both the Royal Ulster Constabulary and British Army. There has also been more wide spread conflict between this community and inhabitants from adjoining loyalist areas. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (640x615, 83 KB)Picture of a Gaelic games mural in Ardoyne. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (640x615, 83 KB)Picture of a Gaelic games mural in Ardoyne. ... For other uses, see Troubles (disambiguation) and Trouble. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... The Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) was name of the police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2001. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ...

The rise in popularity of the Provisional Irish Republican Army and the Irish National Liberation Army led to more police raids in the area, supported on occasion by the British Army. Internment (imprisonment without trial) affected many in Ardoyne, which to this day remains a vocal point for Nationalists. Over the years after 1969, the area grew in membership for the Provisional IRA, so much that it became one of the "No go" areas, listed by the RUC and British Army, due to rising security risks and casualties suffered by the armed forces upon entering the district. A point can be made that the district has seen more than its fair share of the Troubles. The outskirts of Ardoyne have been scene to various encounters between Republicans (namely the Provisional IRA and, to a lesser extent, INLA) and the British Army during the Troubles. The Provisional Irish Republican Army (Irish: Óglaigh na hÉireann) (IRA; also referred to as the PIRA, the Provos, or by some of its supporters as the Army or the RA.[2]) is an Irish Republican, left wing[3] paramilitary organisation that, until the Belfast Agreement, sought to end Northern... The Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) is an Irish republican paramilitary organization which was formed on December 8, 1974. ... Internment camp for Japanese in Canada during World War II Internment is the imprisonment or confinement[1] of people, commonly in large groups, without trial. ...

Ardoyne and the wider north and west Belfast area has an above average suicide rate in comparison to the rest of the UK.[1] Mayor of Leipzig, Germany, committed suicide along with his wife and daughter on April 20, 1945. ...

The Ardoyne Road

Violence often occurs on the Crumlin Road during the Orange Order's marching season. The road is an "interface area", where nationalist and unionist communities meet. The local nationalist community oppose what they see as a triumphialist parade through their area, while marchers state their right to "walk the Queen's highway", along their traditional route. Orange parade in Glasgow (1 June 2003) The Orange Institution, more commonly known as the Orange Order, is a Protestant fraternal organisation based predominantly in Northern Ireland and Scotland with lodges throughout the Commonwealth and in Canada and the United States. ... In the Irish context, Unionists form a group of largely (though not exclusively) Protestant people in Ireland, of all social classes, who wish to see the continuation of the Act of Union, as amended by the Government of Ireland Act 1920, under which the Northern Ireland provincial state created in...

The Parades Commission usually allow the march to take place. One particular cause of conflict is that in the past marchers have carried flags depicting Ulster Volunteer Force and Ulster Defense Association (paramilitary terrorist organisations) banners and played loyalist songs, often containing virulently anti-Catholic lyrics. Another issue has been the presence and role of informal supporters following the march. The 2006 march agreement however determined that 'supporters' would not be allowed to march. The Parades Commission is a quasi-judicial body responsible for placing restrictions on or banning outright any parades in Northern Ireland it deems contentious or offensive. ... The Ulster Volunteer Force (more commonly referred to as the UVF) are a loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland. ... The Ulster Defence Association (UDA) is a loyalist paramilitary organisation in Northern Ireland, outlawed as a terrorist group in the UK and Republic of Ireland, which is perceived by its supporters as defending the unionist community from Irish Republican terrorism. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Unionists (Ireland). ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Residents on the opposite side of the Crumlin Road (Mountainview) are barricaded into their street by the police and British Army for several hours throughout the day, in the morning when the march goes by and in the evening when it returns, since there are only two exists from the estate. Local residents believe this to be a breach of their human rights. The Police Ombudsman concurs with this assessment but is of the opinion that the barriers are necessary for security reasons [2]. The Northern Ireland Police Ombudsman provides an independent, impartial police complaints system for the people and police under the Police (Northern Ireland) Act 1998 and 2000. ...

Unionists have highlighted the part republican organisations have played in protests including prominent convicted IRA men such as Sean Kelly who was arrested after violent protests during a parade. Sean Kelly was responsible for the Shankill Road bombing that killed nine people including a pregnant woman and a young girl, 57 people were injured. ...

Despite the local community group, the Ardoyne Parades Dialogue Group, and representatives of the march, the North and West Belfast Parades Forum, reaching an accommodation which imposed conditions on the march, golf balls and stones were thrown by a crowd being kept back by stewards. One woman, who had been part of the nationalist protest, was hit by a missile thrown by the crowd behind her [3].

Holy Cross dispute

The most recent international exposure given to Ardoyne was in 2001. Increased incidents of violence were experienced associated with protests which saw children of the Holy Cross Girl's School, some as young as four years of age, denied access to one of the entrances to their school which was located in the protestant area at the top of the Ardoyne Rd. Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ...

See Holy Cross dispute

Ardoyne mural 1916 Rising.

The Holy Cross dispute occurred in 2001 and 2002 in the Ardoyne area of Belfast, Northern Ireland, and involved an escalating dispute between a Nationalist community and the residents of loyalist area that was on route to the front entrance of a local Catholic primary school. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (640x881, 86 KB) Licensing Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (640x881, 86 KB) Licensing Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...

Ardoyne's murals

Belfast is filled with areas depicting many murals of various topics, most often about the paramilitary connections of the area which they appear in. Whilst Ardoyne has some murals of this type, it mainly has murals to depict history, Irish traditions and important dates in Irish history, such as the 1916 Easter Rising and the Irish famine. Many foreign visitors find these murals to be impressive and believe that they add to the rich history of the area. Paramilitary banners often depict the 1981 Irish Hunger Strike, when ten Republican prisoners died from starvation during a protest to demand political status. 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Combatants Irish Volunteers, Irish Citizen Army, Irish Republican Brotherhood British Army Royal Irish Constabulary Commanders Patrick Pearse, James Connolly Brigadier-General Lowe General Sir John Maxwell Strength 1250 in Dublin, c. ... Bridget ODonnell and her two children during the famine The Great Famine or the Great Hunger (Irish: An Gorta Mór or An Drochshaol), known more commonly outside of Ireland as the Irish Potato Famine, is the name given to a famine in Ireland between 1845 and 1849. ... A mural in Derrys Bogside, commemorating Irish hunger strikers. ...

Ardoyne today

Today Ardoyne has a local GAA sports club and is home to the annual "Ard Eoin Fleadh Cheoil" (Ardoyne Music Festival). The festival attracts some of the most famous Irish musical acts, including the Wolfe Tones. A stylised Celtic cross serves as the traditional logo of the GAA. The Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael) is an organisation which is mostly focussed on promoting Gaelic Games - traditional Irish sports, such as hurling, camogie, Gaelic football, handball, and rounders. ... The Wolfe Tones are an Irish rebel music band deeply rooted in Irish traditional music. ...

Once labelled a "No go" area for the police, the community has become much more open that it was in the past. Road barriers are all but gone, and many would say the residents now live in a normal, working class community.

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