Area denial weapons are used to prevent an adversary from occupying or traversing an area of land. The most common are land mines of various types. A landmine is a type of mine which is placed onto or into the ground and explodes when triggered by a vehicle or person. ...

The massive use of defoliants such as Agent Orange can be considered as an interdiction measure because, at their highest concentration use they leave areas empty of any form of vegetation cover. In the desert-like terrain that ensues it is impossible for an adversary to travel without being seen, and there is nothing much left for taking cover in case of an attack. Agent Orange is the code name for a powerful herbicide and defoliant used widely by the U.S. military during the Vietnam War. ...

Radiological or chemical weapons might also be considered as area denial weapons, although they are not considered militarily useful at present. A radiological weapon (or radiological dispersion device, RDD) is any weapon that is designed to spread radioactive contamination, either to kill, or to deny the use of an area (a modern version of salting the earth) and consists of a device (such as a nuclear or conventional explosive) which spreads... Early detection of chemical agents Sociopolitical climate of chemical warfare While the study of chemicals and their military uses was widespread in China, the use of toxic materials has historically been viewed with mixed emotions and some disdain in the West (especially when the enemy were doing it). ...

RF Weapons include radio frequency weapons which can manipulate electro magnetic fields, from Atmospheric RF environment enhancement to residential electroshock and electromagnetic pulse deterrent / sleep deprivation intimidation and disorientation systems.

In medieval warfare sharp and sturdy stakes were buried at the bottom of long lines of ditches, pointed end up, in order to prevent cavalry charges in a given area. The correct layout of these extensive lines of ditches and the quality control of stake size, form and placement (they had to be big and sturdy enough to impale a very heavy horse) was part of the craft of war. The anti-infantry punji stick is similar. Medieval warfare is the warfare of the European Middle Ages. ... Trous de loup In mediaeval fortification, a trou de loup (plural trous de loup) was a type of booby trap or defensive obstacle. ... Italian cavalry officers practice their horsemanship in 1904 outside Rome. ... An act of war - the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, Japan during World War II War is a state of widespread conflict between states, organisations, or relatively large groups of people, which is characterised by the use of violent, physical force between combatants or upon civilians. ... A punji stick or punji stake (the spelling pungi is also used) is a form of booby trap. ...

See also

• Salting the earth
• Sea denial
• Active Denial System, non-lethal energy weapon system