Armand Augustin Louis de Caulaincourt (December 9, 1773 – February 19, 1827) French general and diplomat, was born of a noble family. Caulaincourt This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... December 9 is the 343rd day (344th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1773 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1827 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... This page is about negotiations; for the board game, see Diplomacy (game). ...

In his fifteenth year Caulaincourt entered the army, but did not achieve a high degree of success. In 1792 he was captain, but he was thrown into prison—probably because he had rendered himself obnoxious to the democrats. He was freed, but on condition that he should serve as a simple grenadier. He did so for three years, when, through the intercession of General Hoche, he was restored to his former rank as captain. Yet even after ten years of service, his advancements were very slow. 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... In political science, a democrat (lowercase d) is an advocate, follower, or proponent of democracy. ... A Grenadier was originally a specialized assault trooper for siege operations, first established as a distinct role in the early 17th century. ... Louis Lazare Hoche (June 24, 1768 - September 19, 1797) was a French general. ...

He eventually attained the rank of colonel in the Army of the Rhine in 1799–1800. After the peace of Lunéville in 1801 he was sent to St Petersburg by Napoleon I of France. His mission was ostensibly to compliment Alexander I on his accession to the crown, but in reality to destroy the English influence in that court. 1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1800 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Treaty of Lunéville was signed on February 9, 1801 between the French Republic and the Holy Roman Empire by Joseph Bonaparte and Louis, Count Cobentzel, respectively. ... 1801 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Bonaparte as general, by Antoine-Jean Gros. ... Aleksandr Pavlovich Romanov or Tsar Alexander I (The Blessed), (Russian: Александр I Павлович) (December 23, 1777–December 1, 1825), Emperor of Russia (reigned March 23, 1801–December 1, 1825), King of Poland (reigned 1815–1825), son of the Grand Duke Paul Petrovich, afterwards Paul I, and Maria Fedorovna, daughter of...

On his return he was named aide-de-camp of the First Consul. He was employed to seize some agents of the English government in Baden in 1804, which led to the accusation that he was implicated in the arrest of the duc d'Enghien, which he vigorously denied. After the establishment of the empire he received various honors and the title of Duke of Vicenza in 1808. Napoleon sent him in 1807 as an ambassador to St. Petersburg, where Caulaincourt tried to maintain the alliance of Tilsit. His tasks were more those of a spy than an ambassador, and although Napoleon's ambition made the task a difficult one, Caulaincourt succeeded in it for some years. An aide-de-camp (French: camp assistant) is a personal assistant, secretary, or adjutant to a person of high rank, usually a senior military officer or a head of state. ... For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... Baden is a historical state in the southwest of Germany. ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Louis-Antoine-Henri de Bourbon-Condé, duc dEnghien (August 22, 1772 – March 21, 1804) was a relative of the Bourbon monarchs of France, and is more famous for his death than his life. ... 1808 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1807 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... The Treaties of Tilsit were two agreements signed by Napoleon I of France in the town of Tilsit in July, 1807. ...

In 1810 Caulaincourt strongly advised Napoleon to renounce his proposed expedition to Russia. During the war he accompanied the emperor, and was one of those whom Napoleon took along with him when he suddenly abandoned his army in Poland to return to Paris in December of 1812. During the last years of the empire, Caulaincourt was charged with all the diplomatic negotiations. He signed the armistice of Pleswitz, June 1813, represented France at the congress of Prague in August 1813, and at the Treaty of Fontainebleau on April 10, 1814. 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Eiffel Tower has become a symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... 1812 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Prague (Praha in Czech) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... The Treaty of Fontainebleau refers to a number of agreements signed at Fontainebleau, France, often at the Château de Fontainebleau: October 24, 1745 creating a military alliance between Louis XV of France and Charles Edward Stuart. ... April 10 is the 100th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (101st in leap years). ... 1814 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

During the first Restoration, Caulaincourt lived in obscure retirement. When Napoleon returned from Elba, he became minister of foreign affairs, and tried to persuade Europe of the emperor's peaceful intentions. After the second Restoration, Caulaincourt's name was on the list of those proscribed, but it was erased on the personal intervention of Alexander I with Louis XVIII. Elba and the Tuscan Archipelago. ... Aleksandr Pavlovich Romanov or Tsar Alexander I (The Blessed), (Russian: Александр I Павлович) (December 23, 1777–December 1, 1825), Emperor of Russia (reigned March 23, 1801–December 1, 1825), King of Poland (reigned 1815–1825), son of the Grand Duke Paul Petrovich, afterwards Paul I, and Maria Fedorovna, daughter of... Louis XVIII (November 17, 1755 - September 16, 1824) was King of France from 1814 (although he declared that he considered his reign to have begun in 1795) until his death in 1824. ...

Caulaincourt's memoirs appeared under the title Souvenirs du duc de Vicence in 1837–1840. See Albert Vandal, Napoleon et Alexandre (Paris, 1891–1895); Tatischeff, Alexandre I et Napoleon (Paris, 1892); H Houssaye, 1814 (Paris, 1888), and 1815 (Paris, 1893).

This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica. The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... The Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1911) in many ways represents the sum of knowledge at the beginning of the 20th century. ...