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Encyclopedia > Armored vehicles

An armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) is a military vehicle, protected by armour and armed with weapons. Most AFVs are equipped for driving in rugged terrain. The Trikke is a Human Powered Vehicle (HPV) This article is about the means of transport. ... The bayonet is used as both knife and spear. ...

Contents

Types of AFVs

Armoured fighting vehicles are classified according to their intended role on the battlefield and characteristics. This classification is not absolute; at different times different countries will classify the same vehicle in different roles. For example, armoured personnel carriers were generally replaced by infantry fighting vehicles in a very similar role, but the latter has some capabilities lacking in the former. Armoured personnel carriers (APCs) are armoured fighting vehicles developed to transport infantry on the battlefield. ... A Warrior vehicle with UN markings, during the making of the eponymous film. ...


Successful general-purpose armoured fighting vehicles often also serve as the base of a whole family of specialised vehicles, for example, the M113 and MT-LB tracked carriers, and the Mowag Piranha wheeled AFV. The M113 is an armored personnel carrier family of vehicles in use with the US military and many other nations. ... The MT-LB is a Soviet multi-purpose fully-amphibious armoured personnel carrier which was first introduced in the 1970s. ... Chilean Mowag Piranha 8X8. ...


Tank

A T-72 main battle tank clad in reactive armour bricks, in Georgian service.
A T-72 main battle tank clad in reactive armour bricks, in Georgian service.
Main article: Tank

A tank is a tracked, armoured fighting vehicle, designed primarily to engage enemy forces by the use of direct fire. A modern main battle tank is distinguished by its high level of firepower, mobility and armour protection relative to other vehicles of its era. It can cross comparatively rough terrain at high speeds, but is fuel, maintenance, and ammunition-hungry and is logistically demanding. It has the heaviest armour of any vehicle on the battlefield, and carries a powerful weapon that may be able to engage a wide variety of ground targets. It is among the most versatile and fearsome weapons on the battlefield, valued for its shock action against other troops and high survivability. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 2085 KB) Summary Georgian T-72. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 2085 KB) Summary Georgian T-72. ... The T-72 is a Soviet-designed main battle tank that entered production in 1971. ... U.S. M60 Patton tank. ... Indirect fire is a characteristic unique to artillery in which the fire is adjusted out of sight of the guns. ... Tanks can be classified in a variety of ways: usually either by intended role, or by weight. ... Military logistics is the art and science of planning and carrying out the movement and maintenance of military forces. ... Military vehicles are commonly armoured to withstand the impact of shrapnel, bullets or shells, protecting the soldiers inside from enemy fire. ... Fear is a powerful, unpleasant feeling of risk or danger, either real or imagined. ... In engineering, survivability is the quantified ability of a system, subsystem, equipment, process, or procedure to continue to function during and after a natural or man-made disturbance; nuclear electromagnetic pulse from the detonation of a nuclear weapon. ...

See also: Tank classification

Tanks can be classified in a variety of ways: usually either by intended role, or by weight. ...

Armoured personnel carrier

The M113, one of the most common tracked APCs, on duty during the Vietnam War.
The M113, one of the most common tracked APCs, on duty during the Vietnam War.

Armoured personnel carriers (APCs) are light armoured fighting vehicles for the transport of infantry. They usually have only a machine gun although variants carry recoilless rifles, anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs), or mortars. They are not really designed to take part in a direct-fire battle, but to carry the troops to the battlefield safe from shrapnel and ambush. They may have wheels or tracks. Examples include the American M113 (tracked), the British FV 432 (tracked), the German Boxer MRAV (wheeled), the French VAB (wheeled) and the Soviet BTR (wheeled). The concept was fully realized by the Canadian Army in Normandy in 1944 with the invention of the Kangaroo. Previous APCs were either semi-tracked (halftracks) or too small to effectively move a section/squad of infantry (such as the Universal Carrier). M113 in Vietnam, Public domain image from army. ... M113 in Vietnam, Public domain image from army. ... The M113 is an armored personnel carrier family of vehicles in use with the US military and many other nations. ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam People’s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000... Armoured personnel carriers (APCs) are armoured fighting vehicles developed to transport infantry on the battlefield. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... A machine gun is a fully-automatic firearm that is capable of firing bullets in rapid succession. ... M67 recoilless rifle. ... An Anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) or weapon (ATGW) is a guided missile primarily designed to hit and destroy tanks and other armoured fighting vehicles. ... US soldier loading a M224 60-mm mortar. ... A sectioned Shrapnel shell displayed at the Canadian War Museum, Ottawa For other uses, see Shrapnel (disambiguation). ... An ambush is a long established military tactic in which an ambushing force uses concealment to attack an enemy that passes its position. ... It has been suggested that Wheel and Axle be merged into this article or section. ... U.S. M60 Patton tank. ... The M113 is an armored personnel carrier family of vehicles in use with the US military and many other nations. ... A privately owned FV 432 in a carnival procession. ... The Boxer is a German-Dutch Multirole Armored Vehicle (MRAV) designed to accomplish a number of operations through the use of installable mission modules. ... Medical evacuation version detail of propeller for amphibious operation Milan anti-tank missile variant 25 mm Dragar turret variant The Véhicule de lAvant Blindé or VAB (Armoured Vanguard Vehicle in French) is an armoured personnel carrier manufactured by the Euro Mobilité Division of GIAT Industries of France. ... The BTR-60 is the first vehicle in a series of Soviet eight-wheeled armoured personnel carriers. ... Kangaroo personnel carrier A Kangaroo was a World War II British or Commonwealth armoured personnel carrier, created by conversion of a tank chassis. ... M3 half-track A half-track is a civilian or military vehicle with regular wheels on the front for steering, and caterpillar tracks on the back to propel the vehicle and carry most of the load. ... The Universal Carrier, usually known as a Bren Gun Carrier (even when it was not carrying a Bren), was a small, tracked British-designed military vehicle, used widely by Allied forces during World War II. Universal Carriers were usually used for transporting personnel and equipment, mostly support weapons, or as...


Infantry fighting vehicle

An infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) is an armoured personnel carrier which can also provide fire support to the infantry. A Warrior vehicle with UN markings, during the making of the eponymous film. ...


The first attempt to carry troops in an armoured tracked vehicle was made by the British in the First World War, a lengthened Mark V that could house a squad of infantry while still armed as a tank. Post-war, the idea was largely dropped in favour of trucks and lightly-armoured half-tracks, which were widely used during the Second World War. During WWII there were some experiments into heavily armoured carriers, such as the Kangaroos, converted by stripping turrets from tanks. After the war, there was a shift away from half-tracks to tracked or wheeled armoured personnel carriers (APCs), usually armed with a machine gun for self-defence. A Mark I tank on 26 September 1916 (moving left to right). ... M3 Half-track A half-track is a civilian or military vehicle with regular wheels on the front for steering, and caterpillar tracks on the back to propel the vehicle and carry most of the load. ... Kangaroo personnel carrier A Kangaroo was a World War II British or Commonwealth armoured personnel carrier, created by conversion of a tank chassis. ...

Swedish Combat Vehicle 90, a modern IFV.
Swedish Combat Vehicle 90, a modern IFV.

Modern IFVs are well-armed infantry carriers that allow the infantry inside to fight from within the vehicle. They are different from earlier APCs by their heavier armament allowing them to give direct-fire support during an assault, firing ports allowing the infantry to fire personal weapons while mounted, and improved armour. They are typically armed with a twenty-millimetre or larger autocannon, and possibly with ATGMs. IFVs are usually tracked, but some wheeled vehicles fall into this category, too. Stridsfordon 90 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Stridsfordon 90 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The Combat Vehicle 90 (CV90) or Stridsfordon 90 (Strf 90) is a Swedish infantry fighting vehicle designed by Hägglunds/Bofors and currently produced by BAE Systems Hägglunds. ... A Warrior vehicle with UN markings, on the making of the eponymous film. ... A firearm is a kinetic energy weapon that fires either a single or multiple projectiles propelled at high velocity by the gases produced by action of the rapid confined burning of a propellant. ... Military vehicles are commonly armoured to withstand the impact of shrapnel, bullets or shells, protecting the soldiers inside from enemy fire. ... M242 Bushmaster autocannon on an M2 Bradley. ... An Anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) is a missile the primary purpose of which is to hit and destroy tanks. ... U.S. M60 Patton tank. ...


Specially-equipped IFVs have taken on some of the roles of light tanks; they are used by reconnaissance organizations, and light IFVs are used by airborne units which must be able to fight without the heavy firepower of tanks.


By comparison the Israeli Merkava is a main battle tank with the ability to carry a section of infantry. For the religious/mystical connotations of the word, see Merkabah. ...


Self-propelled artillery

Soviet SU-152 assault gun, mounting a 152-mm gun.
Soviet SU-152 assault gun, mounting a 152-mm gun.

Self-propelled artillery are artillery pieces which have been given their own integral transport by mounting them on tracked or wheeled chassis. They are usually armoured as well. The mobility provided allows artillery to keep up with the pace of armoured warfare, and gives them nominal protection from counter-battery or small arms fire. Like towed artillery, a battery of self-propelled guns must still set up in a relatively safe area to perform fire missions, but is able to relocate more quickly. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The SU-152 was a Soviet heavy self-propelled gun used during World War II. It was a self-propelled 152-mm gun-howitzer, on the chassis of a KV-1S heavy tank. ... A U.S. M109A6 Paladin self-propelled howitzer Self-propelled artillery (also called mobile artillery or locomotive artillery) vehicles are a way of giving mobility to artillery. ... Artillery with Gabion fortification Cannons on display at Fort Point Continental Artillery crew from the American Revolution Firing of an 18-pound gun, Louis-Philippe Crepin, (1772 – 1851) A forge-welded Iron Cannon in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. ... U.S. M60 Patton tank. ... It has been suggested that Mechanized warfare be merged into this article or section. ... The term counter-battery fire refers to the concept of detecting the source of artillery (shells or rockets) landing on friendly forces and firing back at them with artillery, suppressing or destroying them in order to protect the friendly forces and reduce enemy artillery strength. ... Small arms captured in Fallujah, Iraq by the US Marine Corps in 2004 The term small arms generally describes any number of smaller infantry weapons, such as firearms that an individual soldier can carry. ... A U.S. M109A6 Paladin self-propelled howitzer Self-propelled artillery (also called mobile artillery or locomotive artillery) vehicles are a way of giving mobility to artillery. ... A bombardment is an attack by artillery fire directed against fortifications, troops or towns and buildings. ...


Assault guns are self-propelled artillery pieces intended to support infantry in the direct-fire role. They usually have a large-calibre gun capable of firing a heavy high-explosive shell, effective against dug-in troops and fortifications. German StuG III with high-velocity 75 mm gun, 1943 An assault gun is a gun or howitzer mounted on a motor vehicle or armored chassis, designed for use in the direct fire role in support of infantry when attacking other infantry or fortified positions. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... A shell is a projectile, which, as opposed to a bullet, contains an explosive or other filling, though modern usage includes large solid projectiles previously termed shot (AP, APCR, APCNR, APDS, APFSDS and Proof shot). ...


Tank destroyer

Norwegian NM142, a modern tank destroyer armed with antitank missiles.
Norwegian NM142, a modern tank destroyer armed with antitank missiles.
Main article: Tank destroyer

Self-propelled anti-tank guns, or tank destroyers, are used primarily to provide antitank support for infantry or tank units, in defensive or withdrawal operations. They may mount a high-velocity anti-tank gun or sometimes an antitank guided missile launcher, or ATGM. Download high resolution version (882x380, 97 KB)Picture of 3 NM142s, taken in Blåtind Skytefelt in Northern Norway during Joint Winter 2000 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (882x380, 97 KB)Picture of 3 NM142s, taken in Blåtind Skytefelt in Northern Norway during Joint Winter 2000 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... 3 NM-142s in Northern Norway The NM-142 is an anti-tank variant of the American M-113 APC, the difference being that it is equipped with a TOW2 turret, developed in Norway by Kvaerner Eureka. ... A self-propelled anti-tank gun, or tank destroyer, is a type of armoured fighting vehicle. ... Anti-tank, or simply AT, refers to any method of combating military armored fighting vehicles, notably tanks. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... In military science, defense (or defence) is the art of preventing an enemy from conquering territory; usually via fortifications. ... Definition Withdrawing is the act of removing all or part of a military force from combat and moving to a safe location. ... An Anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) or weapon (ATGW) is a guided missile primarily designed to hit and destroy tanks and other armoured fighting vehicles. ...


Tank destroyers cannot fulfil the many roles of tanks; they are much less flexible, and usually lacking in anti-infantry capability. But they are much less expensive to manufacture, maintain, and resupply than tanks.


Gun-armed tank destroyers have been largely supplanted by the more general-purpose tanks and ATGM launchers since Second World War, with lightly-armoured ATGM carriers used for supplementary long-range antitank capabilities, and to replace tanks in light or airborne forces. Airborne Military parachuting form of insertion. ...


Tankette

German Wiesel 2 (Ozelot) a modern tankette, this specific model is equipped with AA weapons.
German Wiesel 2 (Ozelot) a modern tankette, this specific model is equipped with AA weapons.
Main article: Tankette

A tankette is a small armoured fighting vehicle with a crew of one or two, similar to a tank, intended for infantry support or reconnaissance. Most had no turret and were armed with one or two machine guns, or rarely with a heavier gun or grenade launcher. Tankettes were produced between about 1930 and 1935, but the concept was abandonded because of its limited utility and vulnerability to antitank weapons. Their role was largely taken over by armoured cars. The Wiesel AWC is a German light air-transportable armoured fighting vehicle, more specifically a lightly-armoured weapons carrier. ... Polish TK-3 A tankette was a type of small armoured fighting vehicle resembling a tank, intended for infantry support or reconnaissance. ... Turret (highlighted) attached to a tower on a baronial building in Scotland In architecture, a turret is a small tower that projects from the wall of a building, such as a medieval castle or baronial house. ... A machine gun is a fully-automatic firearm that is capable of firing bullets in rapid succession. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...


A classic design was the British Carden Loyd Tankette—many others were modelled after it. Japan was among the most prolific users of tankettes, producing a number of designs, which they found useful for jungle warfare. General characteristics Length 2. ... Jungle warfare is a term used to cover the special techniques needed for military units to survive and fight in jungle terrain. ...


Recently (early 1990s) the German Wiesel 1 & 2 have reintroduced the concept. The small armored vehicles have a crew of two and largely reconnaissance and airborne forces applications. The Wiesel AWC is a German light air-transportable armoured fighting vehicle, more specifically a lightly-armoured weapons carrier. ... Airborne Military parachuting form of insertion. ...

See also: Universal carrier

The Universal Carrier, usually known as a Bren Gun Carrier (even when it was not carrying a Bren), was a small, tracked British-designed military vehicle, used widely by Allied forces during World War II. Universal Carriers were usually used for transporting personnel and equipment, mostly support weapons, or as...

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Armored fighting vehicles

Not AFVs, but often considered together with them: Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... Armoured personnel carriers (APCs) are armoured fighting vehicles developed to transport infantry on the battlefield. ... A Warrior vehicle with UN markings, during the making of the eponymous film. ... A self-propelled gun is an armored fighting vehicle which primarily based on and serves to transport the gun with which its equipped. ... A U.S. M109A6 Paladin self-propelled howitzer Self-propelled artillery (also called mobile artillery or locomotive artillery) vehicles are a way of giving mobility to artillery. ... German StuG III with high-velocity 75 mm gun, 1943 An assault gun is a gun or howitzer mounted on a motor vehicle or armored chassis, designed for use in the direct fire role in support of infantry when attacking other infantry or fortified positions. ... A self-propelled anti-tank gun, or tank destroyer, is a type of armoured fighting vehicle. ... It has been suggested that SPAAG be merged into this article or section. ... Military armored cars A French VBL reconnaissance vehicle. ... Polish TK-3 A tankette was a type of small armoured fighting vehicle resembling a tank, intended for infantry support or reconnaissance. ... An armoured train is a train protected with armour. ... NKL-26 armoured aerosan An aerosan (Russian: , literally aerosled) is a type of propeller-powered snowmobile, running on skis, used for communications, mail deliveries, and border patrolling in northern Russia, as well as for recreation. ...



 

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