Army Reserve Force Students (นักศึกษาวิชาทหาร) are a military youth organisation in Thailand. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Royal Thai Army is the army of Thailand. ... Location within in Thailand Coordinates: , Country Settled Ayutthaya Period Founded as capital 21 April 1782 Government  - Type Special administrative area  - Governer Apirak Kosayothin Area  - City 1,568. ... is the 342nd day of the year (343rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. ...

History

Before the World War II the Eu wa chon taharn ("junior soldiers", Thai: ยุวชนทหาร) were established in 1934 by Field marshal Luang Phibunsongkhram and was inspired by the Hitler Youth in Nazi Germany. At the beginning of World War II junior soldiers were sent to fight the Japanese troops that invaded southern Thailand on 8 December 1941. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Year 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Field Marshall Phibunsongkhram (July 14, 1887 - June 11, 1964) (also sometimes spelled Phibul Songkhram or Pibul Songgram) was prime minister and military dictator in Thailand from 1938-1944 and 1948-1957. ... Nazism in history Nazi ideology Nazism and race Outside Germany Related subjects Lists Politics Portal         For the SS division with the nickname Hitlerjugend see; 12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend The Hitler Youth (German:   , abbreviated HJ) was a paramilitary organization of the Nazi Party. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... is the 342nd day of the year (343rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1941 (disambiguation). ...

At the end of the war the junior soldiers were disbanded, but Lieutenant General Luang Chatnakrop (พล.ท. หลวงชาตินักรบ) created the Army Reserve Force Students to replace them in 1948. Today most students who participate in the reserve do so to avoid the chances of being drafted into the full-fledged military force for about three years. Because of this, the requirements for admission has risen recently. Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Requirements

The current requirements are:

1. Thai nationality
2. Age of younger than 22 years
3. Must be approved by their parents or guardians
4. A grade-point average of above 1.00 or certificate of passing senior scout
5. A doctor's certificate of health. People with disabilities, fatal sickness, disease or extreme eye problems such as color blind are not allowed.
6. Body mass index of less than 30 (obesity)
7. Must have appropriate body height and size according to age
8. Fitness test of a 800 meter run in 3:15, 40 sit-ups in two minutes, and 26 push-ups in two minutes are also required (each test has score of 100 on its own, giving 300 in total) is also required and will be taken at the Territorial Defense School itself.
9. Students are also required to cut their hair so that the white of the scalp is visible.

However, there is always the "second qualification" (and third, fourth, ...) which eventually qualifies most, if not all applicants. This article is about evaluation of school work. ... A graph of body mass index is shown above. ...

Violence in the Bangkok Army Reserve Force training center is abundant. It became such a problem that international schools had to request that the students receive training separately from Thai students.

Study

Army Reserve Force Students have to study 20 weeks per year and a period of field training for grade 2 through grade 5 students. The Students must presence 80%. By the end of every semesters Army Reserve Force Students have to pass an exam to continue their study into the next grade.

Army Reserve Force Students have to test:

• Rifle firing of around 10-34 rounds
• Written test
• Physical test

Army Reserve Force Students have 5 grades:

• Students who complete grade 1 are promoted to Private First Class
• Students who complete grade 2 are promoted to Corporal
• Students who complete grade 3 are promoted to Sergeant
• Students who complete grade 4 are promoted to Sergeant Major
• Students who complete grade 5 and their B.D. are promoted to Acting Sub Lieutenant

note: to be excluded from conscription, students are required to study from grade 1-3. If one does not complete grade 3, the length of service under conscription is only shortened. US Military In the U.S. Army, Private First Class is the third lowest enlisted rank, just above Private and below Corporal or Specialist. ... This article is about the military rank. ... For other uses, see Sergeant (disambiguation). ... This article is about a military rank and position. ... Sub-Lieutenant is a military rank. ...

Field training lengths (dependent on grade and gender of the student):

• Grade 2 Male,at least 3 days
• Grade 3 Male,at least 5 days
• Grade 4,5 Male,at least 7 days
• Grade 2,3 Female,at least 3 days
• Grade 4,5 Female,at least 5 days

Uniform and Insignia

Army Reserve Force Students wear a khaki-green uniform and beret with Army Reserve Command insignia (Cross swords under The great crown of victory) on their collar beret and belt. Army Reserve Force Students distinguish their school and province by school's coat of arms and province badge on left chest. Basque style Beret Black beret with military emblem A beret (pronounced in English, except in North America where it is pronounced ) is a soft round cap, usually of wool felt, with a flat crown, which is worn by both men and women. ... A modern coat of arms is derived from the medi val practice of painting designs onto the shield and outer clothing of knights to enable them to be identified in battle, and later in tournaments. ...

Commander-in-Chief of Royal Thai Army General Sonthi Boonyaratglin has conversations with Army Reserve Force Student after parasail jump.

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

Special training

About 200 4th grade Army Reserve Force Students who pass the physical test will be allowed to enter the parasail training course. There are rumors that the Reserve Affairs Center had suspended Parasail Training until further notice due to lack of funding.^[1] Parasailing in Punta Cana, Dominican Republic Parasailing, also known as parascending, is a recreational activity where a person (two or three people may also ride at the same time) is towed behind a vehicle (usually a boat) while attached to a parachute. ...

Battle of Thanangsank Bridge

In the first day of Japanese invasion of South East Asia (8 December) , the Japanese army sent their troops to many parts of Chumphon. At Mahard Bay (อ่าวมะหาด) the Japanese landed their troops on beaches from Banpaknamchumphon (บ้านปากน้ำชุมพร) to Bankorson (บ้านคอสน). The 38th infantry battalion of the Royal Thai Army was about 17 km away from the location, which was too far away to intercept the invading Japanese troops in time. As a result, the Junior soldiers and police forces, numbering at about a hundred, had to intercept the Japanese army at the western side of Thanangsank bridge until the 38th infantry battalion can arrive. The Junior soldiers and police forces sent their 1st Light Machine Gun company across the bridge at 8.00AM and went through South Thayang temple to intercept the Japanese reinforcements. The Commander of 38th infantry battalion wished to sent his 4th Heavy Machine Gun company across the bridge to protect government office located beside the Thatapoa river but Japanese troops started heavy gun firing stopping the 4th Heavy Machine Gun company crossing the river. Suddenly Junior Soldiers under Captain Thawin Niyomsend(ร้อยเอก ถวิล นิยมเสน), commander of Chumphon Junior soldier traning center, ran cross the bridge to hold strategic points on the eastern side of the bridge. Under heavy Japanese gun fire, Captain Thawin Niyomsend was killed when he tried to find a new place for his Light Machine Gun squad. Junior soldiers under Sergeant Sumran Kuanpan(สิบเอก สำราญ ควรพันธ์)'s command, from the Junior soldier traning center, held their position until after Thailand surrendered to the Japenese at around noon. Chumphon is a town in southern Thailand, capital of the Chumphon province. ...

Junior soldier monument at Chumphon.

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Criticism

Criticism of this program is felt widely but is not generally protested against publicly or on the internet for fear of being placed under government scrutiny. However people against the program will cite several reasons for their sentiment.

• Conscription is considered to be a violation of human rights (slavery)
• The money spent on the program could be spent for better things such as the development of the real army to attract new recruits rather than having to draft the majority of recruits, development of the education system and conditions of schools, or other social causes.
• There is a serious problem with inter-school violence and having students from several rival schools in the same area is prone to create conflict.
• Young people should not have a militarist mind forced on them and should not be obligated to perform military service when the system they serve exists to take away civil liberties.
• The concept was created during a time of desperate need of soldiers and is obsolete in modern society.
• There are problems between soldiers and reserve forces about "which one is more honorable" and such. There was a problem with an unknown man under username of "พลทหาร" ("Private") causing trouble in the old forums regarding this matter.

Arguments for the training

However some feel that the program has positive effects on the youth including education against drugs, the taming of the youth, and instilling patriotism for Thailand.

References

External links

• Thai Army Reserve Command Center
• Reserve Affairs Center