Arne Carl-August Beurling (February 3, 1905 - November 20, 1986) was a mathematician and professor of mathematics at Uppsala University (1937-1954) and later at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, USA. is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1905 (disambiguation). ... is the 324th day of the year (325th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... Leonhard Euler, considered one of the greatest mathematicians of all time A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study and research is the field of mathematics. ... The meaning of the word professor (Latin: [1]) varies. ... For other meanings of mathematics or uses of math and maths, see Mathematics (disambiguation) and Math (disambiguation). ... The Neo-Renaissance main University building in the University Park, Uppsala (designed by Herman Teodor Holmgren and completed in 1887). ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar). ... Fuld Hall The Institute for Advanced Study, located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States, is one of the world’s leading centers for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry. ... See also: the Borough of Princeton, New Jersey Princeton Township highlighted in Mercer County. ...

Arne Beurling worked extensively in harmonic analysis, complex analysis and potential theory. Harmonic analysis is the branch of mathematics that studies the representation of functions or signals as the superposition of basic waves. ... Plot of the function f(x)=(x2-1)(x-2-i)2/(x2+2+2i). ... Potential theory may be defined as the study of harmonic functions. ...

In 1940 he single-handedly deciphered and reverse-engineered an early version of the Siemens and Halske T52 also known as the Geheimfernschreiber (one of the "Fish cyphers") used by Nazi Germany, and created a device that enabled Sweden to decipher German teleprinter traffic passing through Sweden from Norway on a cable. In this way, Swedish authorities knew about Operation Barbarossa before it occurred. This became the foundation for the Swedish National Defence Radio Establishment (FRA). (The cypher in the Geheimfernschreiber is generally considered to be more complex than the cypher used in the Enigma machines.^{[citation needed]}) Reverse engineering (RE) is the process of taking something (a device, an electrical component, a software program, etc. ... STURGEON exhibit at the National Cryptologic Museum. ... For the fish, see Tuna. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Teletype machines in World War II A teleprinter (teletypewriter, teletype or TTY for TeleTYpe/TeleTYpewriter) is a now largely obsolete electro-mechanical typewriter which can be used to communicate typed messages from point to point through a simple electrical communications channel, often just a pair of wires. ... Belligerents Germany Romania Finland Italy Hungary Slovakia Croatia Soviet Union Commanders Adolf Hitler Franz Halder Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb Fedor von Bock Gerd von Rundstedt Ernst Busch Erich Hoepner Alfred Keller Georg von Küchler Günther von Kluge Heinz Guderian Hermann Hoth Albrecht Kesselring Adolf Strauss Carl-Heinrich von... The Swedish National Defence Radio Establishment, or Försvarets radioanstalt (FRA) is a Swedish signals intelligence agency working closely together with the S1 regiment. ...

Arne Beurling's great-grandfather was Per Henric Beurling (1758 (or 1763) - 1806), who founded a high quality clock factory in Stockholm in 1783. Year 1758 (MDCCLVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1763 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1806 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

References

• Bengt Beckman. Codebreakers: Arne Beurling and the Swedish crypto program during World War II. Translated by Kjell-Ove Widman. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society, c2002.

External links

• Arne Beurling and the success of Swedish Signal Intelligence
• O'Connor, John J. & Robertson, Edmund F., “Arne Beurling”, MacTutor History of Mathematics archive