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Arpitan or Francoprovençal is a Romance language consisting of dialects that can be found in Italy (Valle d'Aosta, Piemonte, Calabria, Apulia), in Switzerland (cantons Fribourg, Valais, Vaud, Neuchâtel, Geneva, non-German speaking parts of Bern, but not Jura, where the dialects spoken are French) and in France (Dauphinois, Lyonnais, Savoy). The Romance languages, also called Romanic languages, are a subfamily of the Italic languages, specifically the descendants of the Vulgar Latin dialects spoken by the common people evolving in different areas after the break-up of the Roman Empire. ...
Aosta Valley (in French Vallée dAoste, in Italian Valle dAosta) is a mountainous region in north-western Italy, the smallest of Italys regions. ...
Piedmont is a region of northwestern Italy. ...
Calabria, formerly Brutium, is a region in southern Italy which occupies the toe of the Italian peninsula south of Naples. ...
Apulia (official Italian name: Puglia) is a region in southeastern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea in the east, the Ionian Sea to the southeast, and the Strait of Otranto and Gulf of Taranto in the south. ...
The Canton of Fribourg is a canton of Switzerland. ...
The Valais (also known in German as Wallis) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland in the south-western part of the country, in the Pennine Alps around the valley of the Rhone River from its springs to Lake Geneva. ...
The Canton of Vaud is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland located in the southwestern part of the country. ...
Neuchâtel is a canton of Switzerland. ...
The Republic and Canton of Geneva is the name of the westernmost canton or state of Switzerland, surrounded on almost all sides by France and centered around the city of Geneva. ...
The Swiss canton of Bern (German: Kanton Bern; French Canton de Berne) has a population of about 947,000. ...
The Canton of Jura is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland in the northwestern part of Switzerland. ...
This article is about the historical region of Savoy. ...
The language forms a linguistic sub-group of its own between the Langue d'Oïl and Langue d'Oc. The name Franco-Provençal was given to the group of dialects in the 19th century as they shared features of French and Provençal without belonging to either. Although the name of the language is well established, there is some dissatisfaction with it, given that the distinguishing feature of Franco-Provençal is that it is neither French nor Provençal. The name Arpitan is sometimes used, as are, individually, the names of the various dialects (Savoyard ("Savoyan"), Lyonnais, etc.) It is now considered an endangered language. The langue doïl language family in linguistics comprises Romance languages originating in territories now occupied by northern France, part of Belgium and the Channel Islands. ...
OC redirects here. ...
Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Provençal (Prouvençau in Provençal language) is one of several dialects of the Romance language Occitan, which is spoken by a minority of people in southern France and other areas of France. ...
Arpitan is classified as a regional language of France. There are a number of languages of France, although the French language is by far the most widely spoken and the only official language of the country. ...
Words of Arpitan origin that may be found in English include:
A Himalayan avalanche. ...
Moraine is the general term for debris of all sorts originally transported by glaciers or ice sheets that have since melted away. ...
This page describes terms and jargon related to climbing and mountaineering. ...
Definition
Arpitan or Francoprovençal constitutes one of the three great Romance languages of France along with Occitan (Langue d'Oc) and French (Langue d'Oïl). This language has numerous local varieties. Its decline continues, but its use is maintained with a local accent and respective lexical forms. (Swiss, Savoyan, Lyonnais, and Dauphinois accents etc.) The Romance languages, also called Romanic languages or New Latin Languages, are a subset of the Italic languages, specifically the descendants of the Latin dialects spoken by the common people in what is known as Latin Europe (Italian/Portuguese/Spanish Europa latina, French Europe latine, Romanian Europa latină) as Vulgar...
Occitan, or langue doc is a Romance language characterized by its richness, variability, and by the intelligibility of its dialects. ...
The name "Franco-Provençal" is a term created by 19th century linguists. It corresponds to a language which was spoken under the name of various dialects. In between the Langues d'Oïl group of languages (whence the appellation 'Franco') and the Langues d'Oc group (whence the appellation 'Provençal'), however, it is not a mix of French and Occitan but rather constitutes a distinct Romance linguistic group.
The original name of Franco-Provençal is used nonetheless without implying a union, in order to avoid confusion, and to underline the independence of Franco-Provençal (certain people prefer 'Arpitan' because of its connotations of being neither d'Oil nor d'Oc).
Domain of usage of Arpitan
 Map showing the extent of Franco-Provençal (dialectes francoprovençaux) The linguistic territory of Franco-Provençal is limited to the following areas (in clockwise order): Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Capital Lyon Area 43,698 km² Regional President Jean-Jack Queyranne (PS) (since 2004) Population - 2004 estimate - 1999 census - Density (Ranked 2nd) 5,893,000 5,645,407 135/km² (2004) Arrondissements 25 Cantons 335 Communes 2,879 Départements Ain Ardèche Drôme Isère Loire Rhône...
Loire is a département in the east-central part of France occupying the Loire Rivers upper reaches. ...
City motto: Avant, avant, Lion le melhor. ...
Dauphiné is a former province in southeastern France, roughly corresponding to the present départements of the Isère, Drôme, and Hautes-Alpes. ...
Savoie is a French département. ...
Capital Besançon Area 16,202 km² Regional President Raymond Forni (PS) (since 2004) Population - 2004 estimate - 1999 census - Density (Ranked 20th) 1,133,000 1,117,059 70/km² (2004) Arrondissements 8 Cantons 116 Communes 1,786 Départements Doubs Haute-Saône Jura Territoire de Belfort Franche-Comt...
- it covers the entire Romandy area with the exception of the northern fringe of the Canton of Jura where Langues d'Oil are spoken.
Romandy (in French and German Romandie), or la Suisse romande, is the French-speaking part of Switzerland. ...
The Canton of Jura is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland in the northwestern part of Switzerland. ...
- its linguistic domain is the vallée d'Aoste (with the exception of the valley of Walser in Gressoney). It also includes the heights of Vallées Piémontaises with the following communities : Ala di Stura, Alpette, Balme, Cantoira, Carema (Carème), Castagnole Piemonte, Ceres, Ceresole Reale (Cérisoles), Chialamberto (Chalambert), Chianocco (Chanoux), Coassolo, Coazze, Corio, Frassinetto, Germagnano (St-Germain), Giaglione (Jaillons), Giaveno, Gravere (Gravière), Groscavallo, Ingria, Lanzo Torinese (Lans), Lemie, Mattie, Meana di Susa, Mezzenile, Monastero di Lanzo, Noasca, Novalesa (Novalaise), Pessinetto, Pont Canavese, Ronco Canavese, Rubiana, Sparone, Susa (Suse), Traves, Usseglio (Ussel), Valgioie (Valjoie), Valprato Soana (Valpré), Vénaus, Viù (Vieu).
The southernmost valleys of Piedmont are Occitan. Aosta Valley (in French Vallée dAoste, in Italian Valle dAosta) is a mountainous region in north-western Italy, the smallest of Italys regions. ...
Walser (or Walserdytsch) is a highest-Alemannic dialect spoken in parts of Switzerland, and in a few communities of Italy, Liechtenstein, and Austria. ...
Occitan, or langue doc is a Romance language characterized by its richness, variability, and by the intelligibility of its dialects. ...
The relative rarity of a written corpus is due essentially to the decided "Francification" of the major urban and cultural centers in the Arpitan region, among them Lyon, Geneva, and Grenoble.
Generally called a patois, it had for a long time a low social status, just as the other dozens of patois which comprise the linguistic wealth of France.
The disappearance of these languages is advanced in France and in Switzerland (except, perhaps in the isolated areas of the the canton of Valais), although it may be maintained in Val d'Aoste for political and historic reasons. Nonetheless, this patois (also called thus by the Valdôtains themselves) is in considerable decline in Aoste and in the valley of Doire Baltée; it is more precariously maintained in the areas of the less cosmopolitan lateral valleys (Cogne, Champorcher, Valsavaranche...), where the idiom is enjoying a certain revival, in the tradition of Émile Chanoux. Aosta Valley (in French Vallée dAoste, in Italian Valle dAosta) is a mountainous region in north-western Italy, the smallest of the regions. ...
History In 1873, the linguist Ascoli defined Franco-Provençal in these terms: 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...
- "J'appelle franco-provençal un type linguistique qui réunit, en plus de quelques caractères qui lui sont propre, d'autres caractères dont une partie lui est commune avec le français et dont une autre lui est commune avec le provençal, et qui ne provient pas d'une tardive confluence d'éléments divers, mais au contraire atteste de sa propre indépendance historique, peu différente de celle par lesquelles se distinguent entre eux les autres principaux types romans"
- "I call Franco-Provençal a type of language which brings together, along with characteristics which are its own, some characteristics of which a part it has in common with French and the other part of which it has in common with Provencal, and which is not due to a late confluence of diverse elements, but on the contrary attests to is own independent history, little differeent than those by which it distinguishes itself among the principal Romance languages".
Historically it has to do with three quarters of the territories defined as making part of the ancient pre-Roman Allobrogie. The Allobroges (sometimes spelt as allobrogs) were a warlike Celtic nation in Gaul located between the Rhône River and the Lake of Geneva in what later became Savoy, Dauphiné, and Vivarais. ...
These languages are often attested since the 12th century, but are seldom written and remain above all an oral vehicle. In the 13th century, with the abandonment of Latin as a common language, appeared the first official texts which were acts of notaries and witnesses. There is however at least one long text from the 13th century written in Lyonnais Arpitan, namely the Vie de sainte Béatrice d'Ornacieux by Marguerite d'Oingt from which here is an excerpt:
- " § 112 : Quant vit co li diz vicayros que ay o coventavet fayre, ce alyet cela part et en ot mout de dongiers et de travayl, ancis que cil qui gardont lo lua d'Emuet li volissant layssyer co que il demandavet et que li evesques de Valenci o volit commandar. Totes veys yses com Deus o aveyt ordonat oy se fit. "
List of Arpitan dialects - Dauphinois
- Forézien
- Genevois
- Jurassien
- Lyonnais
- Savoyard
- Vaudois
Savoyard is a dialect of Arpitan language spoken in Savoie, in Haute-Savoie, in Swiss Valais and in the Italian region of Aosta. ...
Bibliography - Certains textes valdôtains ont été collectés dans le recueil « Tobie de Brissogne » aux éditions Musumeci, Quart (AO).
- « Manuel pratique de philologie romane » Pierre Bec (Ed. Picard, Paris 1971), ébauche, p. 357 et seq., a philological analysis of Franco-Provençal. The Alpine dialects have been particularly studied by
- « Atlas linguistique et ethnographique du Jura et des Alpes du nord » (ALJA), Gaston Tuaillon, co-auteur, avec Jean-Baptiste Marti (éditions du CNRS). Gaston Tuaillon is also the author of numerous articles and monographs (cf. Savoyard).
Savoyard is a dialect of Arpitan language spoken in Savoie, in Haute-Savoie, in Swiss Valais and in the Italian region of Aosta. ...
Also see
Internal Links Broadly conceived, linguistics is the scientific study of human language, and a linguist is someone who engages in this study. ...
This list of languages is alphabetical by English name. ...
Human Language Families Most languages are known to belong to language families (families hereforth). ...
The Indo-European languages include some 443 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by about three billion people, including most of the major language families of Europe and western Asia, which belong to a single superfamily. ...
The Romance languages, also called Romanic languages or New Latin Languages, are a subset of the Italic languages, specifically the descendants of the Latin dialects spoken by the common people in what is known as Latin Europe (Italian/Portuguese/Spanish Europa latina, French Europe latine, Romanian Europa latină) as Vulgar...
There are a number of languages of France, although the French language is by far the most widely spoken and the only official language of the country. ...
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