In music, an arrangement refers either to a rewriting of a piece of existing music with additional new material or to a fleshing-out of a compositional sketch, such as a lead sheet. If a musical adaptation does not include new material, it is more accurately termed a transcription. Allegory of Music on the Opéra Garnier Music is an art form that involves organised sounds and silence. ... Allegory of Music on the Opéra Garnier Music is an art form that involves organised sounds and silence. ...

Classical music

Arrangements and transcriptions of classical and serious music go back to the early history of this genre. In particlar music written for the piano frequently underwent this treatment. The suite of ten piano pieces by Modest Mussorgsky Pictures at an Exhibition, has been arranged over twenty times, perhaps the most famous and notable being that of Maurice Ravel. Due to a poor grasp of the ability to do so himself, the American composer, George Gershwin, had his Rhapsody in Blue, orchestrated and arranged by Ferde Grofé. Kristen its this one. Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (Russian: , Modest Petrovič Musorgskij, French: ) (March 9/21, 1839 – March 16/28, 1881), one of the Russian composers known as the Five, was an innovator of Russian music. ... Maurice Ravel in 1912. ... // George Gershwin (September 26, 1898 – July 11, 1937) was an American composer who wrote most of his vocal and theatrical works in collaboration with his elder brother lyricist Ira Gershwin. ... Ferde Grofé in 1921 as pianist with Paul Whitemans orchestra. ...

Popular music

Arrangers in pop music recordings often add parts for orchestral or band instruments involving new material such that the arrangers may reasonably be considered co-composers, although for copyright and royality purposes usually are not. Rhythm section parts are usually improvised or otherwise invented by the performers themselves using chord symbols or a lead sheet as a guide. (Rhythm section instruments include guitars, bass guitars, string basses, piano and other keyboard instruments, and drums.)

Jazz

Arrangements for small jazz combos are usually informal, minimal, and uncredited. This was particularly so for combos in the bop era. In general, the larger the ensemble, the greater the need for a formal arrangement, although the early Count Basie big band was famous for its head arrangements, so called because they were worked out by the players themselves, memorized immediately and never written down. Most arrangements for large ensembles, big bands, in the swing era, were written down, however, and credited to a specific arranger, as were later arrangements for the Count Basie big band by Sammy Nestico and Neal Hefti. William Count Basie (August 21, 1904 – April 26, 1984) was an American jazz pianist, organist, bandleader, and composer. ...

Jelly Roll Morton is considered the earliest jazz arranger, writing down the parts when he was touring about 1912-1915 so that pick-up bands could play his compositions. Big band arrangements are informally called charts. In the swing era they were usually either arrangements of popular songs or they were entirely new compositions. Duke Ellington's and Billy Strayhorn's arrangements for the Duke Ellington big band were usually new compositions, and some of Eddie Sauter's arrangements for the Benny Goodman band and Artie Shaw's arrangements for his own band were new compositions as well. It became more common to arrange sketchy jazz combo compositions for big band after the bop era. Gil Evans wrote a number of large-ensemble arrangements in the late fifties and early sixties intended for recording sessions only. Morton in the 1920s Ferdinand Jelly Roll Morton (probably September 20, 1885 - July 10, 1941) was an American virtuoso pianist, bandleader and composer who some call the first true composer of jazz music. ... Edward Kennedy Duke Ellington (April 29, 1899, Washington, D.C.; d. ... Billy Strayhorn, photographed by Carl Van Vechten on 14. ... Edward Ernest Sauter(born December 2, 1914 in Brooklyn; died April 21, 1981 in New York City) was a jazz arranger most associated with the swing era. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Artie Shaw (May 23, 1910, New York, New York – December 30, 2004, Thousand Oaks, California) was an accomplished American jazz clarinetist, composer, bandleader and author of both fiction and non-fiction. ... Gil Evans  (*13 May 1912 at Toronto, Canada  â€  20 March 1988 at Cuernavaca, Mexico); jazz musician and important innovator of big band jazz in the United States as an arranger, composer, bandleader, and pianist; cool jazz, modal jazz, free jazz, jazz rock. ...

Further reading

• Inside the score: A detailed analysis of 8 classic jazz ensemble charts by Sammy Nestico, Thad Jones and Bob Brookmeyer by Rayburn Wright
• Sounds and Scores : A Practical Guide to Professional Orchestration by Henry Mancini
• Arranged by Nelson Riddle by Nelson Riddle

See Also

• List of arrangers
• Transcription (music)
• Orchestration
• Musical Notation

Well-known arrangers include: Robert Farnon Claus Ogerman Jorge Calandrelli Johnny Mandel Jeremy Lubbock Patrick Williams Torrie Zito Don Sebesky Alan Broadbent Clare Fisher Vince Mendoza Bill Ross John Clayton Percy Faith Ralph Burns Billy Byers Marion Evans Gene Puerling [[ Michel Legrand Brad Dechter Byron Olsen Rob Mounsey Jurre Haanstra... In music, transcription is the act of notating a piece or a sound which was previously unnotated. ... Orchestration is the study or practice of writing music for orchestra (or, more loosely, for any musical ensemble) or of adapting for orchestra music composed for another medium. ... Hand-written musical notation by J.S. Bach: beginning of the Prelude from the Suite for Lute in G minor BWV 995 (transcription of Cello Suite No. ...

Sources

• Kernfeld, Barry, ed. (1988) The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz.
• Randel, Don Michael (2002). The Harvard Concise Dictionary of Music and Musicians.