NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Arras

Arras (Dutch: Atrecht) is a town and commune in northern France, préfecture (capital) of the Pas-de-Calais département. The historic centre of the Artois region, its local speech is nonetheless characterized as a Picarde dialect. Unlike many French words, the final "s" in the name should be pronounced. Image File history File links Arras_Petite_place. ... Longitude, sometimes denoted by the Greek letter Î», describes the location of a place on Earth east or west of a north-south line called the Prime Meridian. ... Latitude, usually denoted symbolically by the Greek letter Ï†, gives the location of a place on Earth north or south of the Equator. ... This is an alphabetical list of countries of the world, including both internationally recognized and generally unrecognized independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... {{ Haute-Normandie ... Capital Lille Area 12,414 km² Regional President Daniel Percheron (PS) (since 2001) Population - 2004 estimate - 1999 census - Density (Ranked 4th) 4,026,000 3,996,588 324/km² (2004) Arrondissements 13 Cantons 156 Communes 1,546 Départements Nord Pas-de-Calais Nord-Pas de Calais is one of... The dÃ©partements (or departments) are administrative units of France and many former French colonies, roughly analogous to British counties. ... Pas-de-Calais is a département in northern France named after the strait which it borders. ... In France, a prÃ©fecture is the capital city of a dÃ©partement. ... The 100 French dÃ©partements are divided into 342 arrondissements. ... The arrondissement of Arras is an arrondissement of France, located in the Pas-de-Calais dÃ©partement, of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais rÃ©gion. ... The canton is an administrative division of France. ... The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. ... now. ... This article is about the year 2001. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... INSEE is the French abbreviation for the French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies (French: Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques). ... Postal codes were introduced in France in 1972, when La Poste introduced automated sorting. ... Estuaries and coastal waters are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, providing ecological, economic, cultural, and aesthetic benefits. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. ... In France, a prÃ©fecture is the capital city of a dÃ©partement. ... Pas-de-Calais is a département in northern France named after the strait which it borders. ... The dÃ©partements (or departments) are administrative units of France and many former French colonies, roughly analogous to English counties. ... Picard is a language closely related to French, and as such is one of the larger group of Romance languages. ...

Image File history File links Arras-Position. ... Image File history File links Arras-Position. ...

History

Originally settled by the Celtic tribe of the Atrebates, it later became a Roman garrison town known as Atrebatum. A Celtic cross. ... The Atrebates (meaning settlers) were a Belgic tribe of Gaul and Britain before the Roman conquests. ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ...

It is located in the former Dutch and French province of Artois. For many centuries, Arras was on the border between France and the Low Countries and it frequently changed hands before firmly becoming French in the late 17th century, the fortifications upgraded by Vauban helping keep it in French hands. The town was closely linked to the trade of Flanders and later became an important centre for sugar beet farming and processing as well as a prosperous market centre. The Kingdom of France was organized into provinces until March 4, 1790, when the establishment of the dÃ©partement system superseded provinces. ... Artois is a former province of northern France. ... The Low Countries, the historical region of de Nederlanden, are the countries (see Country) on low-lying land around the delta of the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse (Maas) rivers. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... SÃ©bastien Le Prestre, Seigneur de Vauban and later Marquis de Vauban (May 15, 1633 - March 30, 1707), commonly referred to as Vauban, was a Marshal of France and the foremost military engineer of his age, famed for both his skill to design fortifications and to break through them. ... Flanders (Dutch: ) has several main meanings: the social, cultural and linguistical, scientific and educational, economical and political community of the Flemings; some prefer to call this the Flemish community (others refer to this as the Flemish nation) which is, with over 6 million inhabitants, the majority of all Belgians; a... Two sugar beets - the one on the left has been cultivated to be smoother than the traditional beet, so that it traps less soil. ...

The Union of Atrecht (the Dutch name for Arras) was signed here in January 1579 by the Catholic principalities of the Low Countries that remained loyal to king Philip II of Habsburg; it provoked the declaration of the Union of Utrecht later the same month. Map of the Spanish Netherlands, the Union of Utrecht and the Union of Arras (1579) The Union of Atrecht (French: Arras) was an accord signed on January 6, 1579 in Atrecht (Arras), under which the southern states of the Spanish Netherlands, today in Wallonia and the Nord-Pas-de-Calais... Events January 6 - The Union of Atrecht united the southern Netherlands under the Duke of Parma, governor in the name of king Philip II of Spain. ... The Low Countries, the historical region of de Nederlanden, are the countries (see Country) on low-lying land around the delta of the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse (Maas) rivers. ... Look up monarch in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Philip II of Spain. ... Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy; also used as the flag of the Austrian Empire until the Ausgleich of 1867. ... The Union of Utrecht (Dutch: Unie van Utrecht) is a treaty signed on January 23, 1579 in Utrecht, the Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under control of Spain. ...

During the First World War, Arras was near the front and a long series of battles fought nearby are known as the Battle of Arras in which a series of medieval tunnels beneath the city, unknown to the Germans, became a decisive factor in the French holding the city. The city, however, was heavily damaged and had to be rebuilt after the war. In the Second World War the town was occupied by the Germans and 240 suspected French Resistance members were executed in the Arras citadel. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1431x400, 162 KB)The Town Square, Arras, France. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1431x400, 162 KB)The Town Square, Arras, France. ... Combatants Allied Powers: British Empire France Italy Russia United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire Commanders Ferdinand Foch Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Herbert Henry Asquith Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Wilhelm II Paul... The Battle of Arras took place from 9 April to 16 May 1917. ... Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Nazi Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry Truman Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead... Bold textItalic textLink title // Headline text Headline text Headline text == The cross of Lorraine used by the French Resistance as a symbolic reference to Joan of Arc. ...

Ecclesiastical history

Bishopric of Arras (Atrebatum)

The diocese comprises the Department of Pas-de-Calais. On the occasion of the Napoleonic Concordat, the three Dioceses of Arras, Saint-Omer and Boulogne were united to make the one Diocese of Arras. It was a suffragan of the Archbishopric of Paris from 1802 to 1841, in which year Cambrai again became an archdiocese and Arras returned to it as suffragan. Pas-de-Calais is a département in northern France named after the strait which it borders. ... The Concordat of 1801 reaffirmed the Catholic Church as the major religion of France and restored some of its civil status. ... Saint-Omer, a town and commune of Artois in northern France, sous-préfecture of the Pas-de-Calais département, 42 miles west-north-west of Lille on the railway to Calais. ... Boulogne is the name of several communes in France: Boulogne in the Vendée département Boulogne-Billancourt, in the Hauts-de-Seine département Boulogne-sur-Mer, in the Pas_de_Calais département This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share... A bishop is an ordained person who holds a specific position of authority in any of a number of Christian churches. ... The archbishop of Paris is one of twenty-three archbishops in France. ... Cambrai (Dutch: Kamerijk) is a French city and commune, in the Nord département, of which it is a sous_préfecture. ...

At the beginning of the sixth century St. Remi (Remigius), Archbishop of Reims, placed in the See of Arras St. Vedastus (St. Vaast) (d. c. 540), who had been the teacher of the Merovingian king Clovis after the victory of Tolbiac. His successors, Dominicus and Vedulphus, are also both venerated as saints. After the death of the latter, the See of Arras was transferred to Cambrai, and it was not until 1093 that Arras again became a diocese. The ordination of Saint Vedast Saint Vedast or Vedastus, also known as Saint Vaast or Saint Waast (in Dutch), (died c. ... Clovis may refer to the following: The personal name of Germanic origin that primarily saw use in Europe before the year 1000 AD. Several locales and persons of historical importance have borne this name. ... ZÃ¼lpich is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany between Aachen and Bonn. ...

Among the bishops of Arras are Cardinal Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle, Councillor of the emperor Charles V, Bishop of Arras from 1545 to 1562, later Archbishop of Malines and Viceroy of Naples; François Richardot, a celebrated preacher, Bishop of Arras from 1562 to 1575; Monseigneur Parisis (d. 1866), who figured prominently in the political assemblies of 1848. Granvelle, portrait by Antonio Moro (1549) Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle (August 20, 1517 _ September 21, 1586) was one of the most influential of the church leaders during the time which immediately followed the appearance of Protestantism in Europe. ... Charles (February 24, 1500 – September 21, 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor (as Charles V) from 1519-1558; he was also King of Spain from 1516-1556, officially as Charles I of Spain, although often referred to as Charles V (Carlos Quinto or Carlos V) in Spain and Latin America. ... Mechelen-Brussel is the Dutch name of the only archbishopric in Belgium, and its ecclesiastical province that coincides with the country. ... A viceroy is a royal official who governs a country or province in the name of and as representative of the monarch. ...

Two famous relics were long greatly venerated at Arras: the "sacred manna", said to have fallen from heaven in 371 during a severe famine, and the "holy candle", a wax taper said to have been given to Bishop Lambert in 1105 by the Blessed Virgin, to stop an epidemic. Not far from Arras, the city of Saint-Omer, a diocese till the Revolution, perpetuates the memory of St. Audomare, or Omer, Bishop of Thérouanne, the apostle of the Morini in the sixth century. Its cathedral, a Gothic monument of the fourteenth century, was built over the saint's tomb. The ruins of St. Vaast at Arras, and of St. Bertin at Saint-Omer, keep alive the memory of two celebrated abbeys of the same name; the Abbey of St. Bertin (founded in the seventh century) gave twenty-two saints to the Church. Manna (sometimes or archaically spelled mana) is the name of the food miraculously produced for the Israelites in the desert in the book of Exodus. ... Saint Audomare (d. ... ThÃ©rouanne is a commune of northern France. ... Morini was a tribe of gauls-page not finished Categories: Articles to be expanded | Gauls ...

The Diocese of Arras at the end of 1905 contained 955,391 inhabitants, 52 parishes, 690 churches of the second class, and 53 vicariates formerly with state subventions.

Councils of Arras

In 1025 a council was held at Arras against certain Manichaean (dualistic) heretics who rejected the sacraments of the Church. The Catholic Faith in the Blessed Eucharist was proclaimed with special insistence. Manichaeism was one of the major ancient religions. ...

In 1097, two councils, presided over by Lambert of Arras, dealt with questions concerning monasteries and persons consecrated to God.

Sights

The centre of the town is marked by two large squares. The Grande Place and the Place des Heros. These are surrounded by buildings restored to the pre-war conditions. Most notable are the gothic town hall (rebuilt in concrete on a slightly less ambitious scale after the war) and the cathedral. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (640x640, 65 KB) Modifications: image cropped, obstruction removed File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Arras ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (640x640, 65 KB) Modifications: image cropped, obstruction removed File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Arras ... See also Gothic art. ... A cathedral is a Christian church building, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Anglican, Catholic and some Lutheran churches, which serves as the central church of a diocese, and thus as a bishops seat. ...

The old cathedral of Arras, constructed between 1030 and 1396, and dedicated to St. Vaast, was one of the most beautiful Gothic structures in northern France. It was destroyed in the Revolution.

The current Cathedral is on the site of the old gothic Abbey. This was dismantled in the early eigtheenth century to follow the vogue in more classical structures. The design, was chosen, it would appear, to save money by the Abbot de St. Vaast, the Cardinal de Rohan, (he of "the affair of the necklace" fame) and is one of the dullest churches ever built, though the statues inside it are worth a look. The Church houses a number of relics among which are the relics of Thomas a Becket! Vimy Memorial is a memorial just north of the town honouring a major WW I Canadian battle. The Canadian National Vimy Memorial Vimy Memorial The mourning mother (Canada) The Canadian National Vimy Memorial is one of Canadas most important overseas war memorials to those who served their country in World War I and risked or gave their lives during the war. ...

Transport

Arras is served by the LGV Nord high speed railway. The LGV Nord is a French 333 km-long high speed rail line that connects Paris to the Belgian border and the Channel Tunnel via Lille; it opened in 1993. ...

Miscellaneous

In literature

Statue dedicated to Edmond Rostand in Cambo-les-Bains Edmond EugÃ¨ne Alexis Rostand (April 1, 1868 - December 2, 1918), French poet and dramatist. ... Cyrano de Bergerac is a play by Edmond Rostand based on the life of the real Cyrano de Bergerac. ... Events December 1 - Portugal regains its independence from Spain and JoÃ£o IV of Portugal becomes king. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Victor-Marie Hugo (26 February 1802 â€“ 22 May 1885) was a French poet, novelist, playwright, essayist, visual artist, statesman and human rights campaigner, recognized as the most influential Realist writer of the 19th century. ... Les MisÃ©rables (translated variously from French as The Miserable Ones, The Wretched, The Poor Ones, The Victims) (1862) is a novel by French author Victor Hugo. ... Sculpture of Antoine de Saint-ExupÃ©ry and the little prince in Lyon Antoine de Saint-ExupÃ©ry (June 29, 1900 â€“ July 31, 1944) was a French writer and aviator. ... Flight to Arras (French: Pilote de Guerre) is a book by French author Antoine de Saint-ExupÃ©ry. ...

Births

Audefroi le BÃ¢tard, French trouvÃ¨re, flourished at the end of the 12th century and was born at Arras. ... TrouvÃ¨re is the Northern French (langue doÃ¯l) version of troubador (langue doc), and refers to poet-composers who were roughly contemporary with and influenced by the troubadors but who composed their works in the northern dialects of France. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... Adam de la Halle (also known as Adam le Bossu (Adam the Hunchback) 1237?-1288) was a French-born trouvÃ¨re, poet and musician, who broke with the long-established tradition of writing liturgical poetry and music to be an early founder of secular theater in France. ... // Events Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders. ... Events February 22 - Nicholas IV becomes Pope. ... TrouvÃ¨re is the Northern French (langue doÃ¯l) version of troubador (langue doc), and refers to poet-composers who were roughly contemporary with and influenced by the troubadors but who composed their works in the northern dialects of France. ... A poet is someone who writes poetry. ... A musician is a person who plays or composes music. ... Matthias of Arras (1290? Arras - 1352 Prague), sometimes spelled as Matthew of Arras, was a French architect, famed for his work on Saint Vitus Cathedral in Prague. ... For broader historical context, see 1290s and 13th century. ... Events June 4 - Glarus joins the Swiss Confederation. ... St. ... Prague (Czech: Praha (IPA: ), see also other names) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... Antoine de FÃ©vin (c. ... Events May 15 - Charles VIII of Sweden who had served three terms as King of Sweden dies. ... 1511 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1512 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Renaissance music is European classical music written during the Renaissance, approximately 1400 to 1600. ... Nymphaea from Rariorum plantarum historia Charles de lÃ‰cluse, LEscluse, or Carolus Clusius (Arras, February 19, 1526 - Leiden April 4, 1609), seigneur de WatÃ¨nes, was the Flemish doctor and pioneering botanist, perhaps the most influential of all 16th century scientific horticulturists. ... Events January 14 - Treaty of Madrid. ... // Events April 4 â€“ King of Spain signs an edit of expulsion of all moriscos from Spain April 9 â€“ Spain recognizes Dutch independence May 23 - Official ratification of the Second Charter of Virginia. ... Botany is the scientific study of plant life. ... Anonymous Portrait of Maximilien Robespierre c. ... 1758 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1794 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The French Revolution (1789â€“1799/1804) was a vital period in the history of French, European and Western civilization. ... Joseph le Bon (29 September 1765 - 10 October 1795) was a French politician. ... 1765 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... EugÃ¨ne FranÃ§ois Vidocq (July 23, 1775 â€“ May 11, 1857) was a French criminal who later became a first director of SÃ»retÃ© Nationale and one of the founders of the modern criminal investigation. ... ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... Gabriel Hanot was a French journalist (the editor of LÃ‰quipe) who came up with the idea of having a Europe-wide football club competition. ... 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... LEquipe logo LÃ‰quipe (French for the team) is a French nationwide daily newspaper devoted to sports. ... Violette Leduc (April 7, 1907 - May 28, 1972), French author, was born in Arras, Pas de Calais, France, the illegitimate daughter of a servant girl, Berthe. ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Jean-Christophe Novelli (born 22 February 1961) is a French celebrity chef who works in England. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ...

See also

The Battle of Arras is the name of a number of battles near the town of Arras in Artois, France: Battle of Arras (1654) Battle of Arras (1917) - British offensive during the First World War. ... St. ...

Sources and external links

Préfectures of départements of France

Bourg-en-Bresse (Ain) • Laon (Aisne) • Moulins (Allier • Digne-les-Bains (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) • Gap (Hautes-Alpes) • Nice (Alpes-Maritimes) • Privas (Ardeche) • Charleville-Mézières (Ardennes) • Foix (Ariège) • Troyes (Aube) • Carcassonne (Aude) • Rodez (Aveyron) • Marseille (Bouches-du-Rhône) • Caen (Calvados) • Aurillac (Cantal) • Angoulême (Charente) • La Rochelle (Charente-Maritime) • Bourges (Cher) • Tulle (Corrèze) • Ajaccio (corse-du-Sud) • Bastia (Haute-Corse) • Dijon (Côte-d'Or) • Saint-Brieuc (Côtes-d'Armor) • Guéret (Creuse) • Périgueux (Dordogne) • Besançon (Doubs) • Valence (Drôme) • Évreux (Eure) • Chartres (Eure-et-Loir) • Quimper (Finistère) • Nîmes (Gard) • Toulouse (Haute-Garonne) • Auch (Gers) • Bordeaux (Gironde) • Montpellier (Hérault) • Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine) • Châteauroux (Indre) • Tours (Indre-et-Loire) • Grenoble (Isère) • Lons-le-Saunier (Jura) • Mont-de-Marsan (Landes) • Blois (Loir-et-Cher) • Saint-Étienne (Loire) • Le Puy-en-Velay (Haute-Loire) • Nantes (Loire-Atlantique) - Orléans (Loiret) • Cahors (Lot) • Agen (Lot-et-Garonne) • Mende (Lozère) • Angers (Maine-et-Loire) • Saint-Lô (Manche) • Châlons-en-Champagne (Marne) • Chaumont (Haute-Marne) - Laval (Mayenne) • Nancy (Meurthe-et-Moselle) • Bar-le-Duc (Meuse) • Vannes (Morbihan) • Metz (Moselle) • Nevers (Nièvre) • Lille (Nord) • Beauvais (Oise) • Alençon (Orne) • Calais (Pas-de-Calais) • Clermont-Ferrand (Puy-de-Dôme) • Pau (Pyrénées-Atlantiques) • Tarbes (Hautes-Pyrénées) • Perpignan (Pyrénées-Orientales) • Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin) • Colmar (Haut-Rhin) • Lyon (Rhône) • Vesoul (Haute-Saône) • Mâcon (Saône-et-Loire) • Le Mans (Sarthe) • Chambéry (Savoie) • Annecy (Haute-Savoie) • Paris (Paris) • Rouen (Seine-Maritime) • Melun (Seine-et-Marne) • Versailles (Yvelines) • Niort (Deux-Sèvres) • Amiens (Somme) • Albi (Tarn) • Montauban (Tarn-et-Garonne) • Toulon (Var) • Avignon (Vaucluse) • La Roche-sur-Yon (Vendée) • Poitiers (Vienne) • Limoges (Haute-Vienne) • Épinal (Vosges) • Auxerre (Yonne) • Belfort (Territoire de Belfort) - Évry (Essonne) - Nanterre (Hauts-de-Seine) • Bobigny (Seine-Saint-Denis) • Créteil (Val-de-Marne) • Cergy (Val-d'Oise)

Overseas départements:
Cayenne (French Guiana) • Basse-Terre (Guadeloupe) • Fort-de-France (Martinique) • Saint-Denis (Réunion) Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language encyclopedia published in 1913 by The Encyclopedia Press. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... In France, a prÃ©fecture is the capital city of a dÃ©partement. ... The dÃ©partements (or departments) are administrative units of France and many former French colonies, roughly analogous to British counties. ... Bourg-en-Bresse is a city in eastern France, préfecture (capital) of the Ain département, and was capital of the former province of Bresse. ... PrÃ©fecture building of the Ain dÃ©partement, in Bourg-en-Bresse Ain is a dÃ©partement named after the Ain River on the eastern edge of France bordering Switzerland. ... Laon is a city and commune of France, préfecture (capital) of the Aisne département. ... Aisne is a dÃ©partement in the northern part of France named after the Aisne River. ... Moulins is a city and commune in central France, préfecture (capital) of the Allier département. ... Allier is a dÃ©partement in south-central France named after the Allier River. ... Digne-les-Bains or simply Digne is a commune of France, préfecture (capital) of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence département. ... Alpes_de_Haute_Provence is a French département in the south of France, it was formerly part of the province of Provence. ... View overlooking the town of Gap. ... Hautes-Alpes is a dÃ©partement in southeastern France named after the Alps mountain range. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: [1] (Latin: Nice the city) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion Provence-Alpes-CÃ´te dAzur DÃ©partement Alpes-Maritimes (06) Intercommunality Community of Agglomeration Nice CÃ´te dAzur Mayor Jacques Peyrat (UMP) (since 1995... Alpes_Maritimes is a département in the extreme southeast corner of France. ... Privas is a commune of France, préfecture (capital) of the Ardèche département. ... Ard che is a d partement in south-central France named after the Ard che River. ... Location within France Charleville-MÃ©ziÃ¨res is a town and commune in northeastern France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Ardennes dÃ©partement which is itself part of the Champagne-Ardenne rÃ©gion. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... ChÃ¢teau des Comtes de Foix Foix river Foix is a small town and commune, the prÃ©fecture (capital) of the AriÃ¨ge dÃ©partement in France. ... AriÃ¨ge is a dÃ©partement in southwestern France named after the AriÃ¨ge River. ... Troyes is a town in northeastern France. ... Aube is a dÃ©partement in the northeastern part of France named after the Aube River. ... Carcassonne (Carcassona in Occitan) is a fortified French town, in the Aude dÃ©partement of which it is the prÃ©fecture, in the former province of Languedoc. ... Aude is a dÃ©partement in south-central France named after the Aude River. ... Rodez is a city in southern France in département of Aveyron. ... Aveyron is a dÃ©partement in southern France named after the Aveyron River. ... City flag Coat of arms Motto: By her great deeds, Marseille shines in the world Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion Provence-Alpes-CÃ´te dAzur DÃ©partement Bouches-du-RhÃ´ne (13) Subdivisions 16 arrondissements (in 8 secteurs) Intercommunality Urban Community of... Bouches-du-RhÃ´ne is a dÃ©partement in the south of France named after the mouth of the RhÃ´ne River. ... Caen is a commune of northwestern France. ... For the apple brandy produced in the region, see Calvados (spirit). ... Aurillac is a town and commune in the Auvergne région of France, préfecture (capital) of the Cantal département, at 44° 55′ 44″ N 2° 26′ 38″ E. Population (1999) 30,551. ... Cantal is a dÃ©partement in south-central France. ... AngoulÃªme is a town and commune in southwestern France, prÃ©fecture (capital city) of the Charente dÃ©partement. ... Charente is a dÃ©partement in central France named after the Charente River. ... La Rochelle is a city and commune of western France, and a seaport on the Atlantic Ocean (population 76,584 in 1999). ... Charente-Maritime is a dÃ©partement on the west coast of France named after the Charente River. ... Bourges is a town and commune in central France. ... Cher is a dÃ©partement in the center of France. ... Tulle is a netting, which is often starched, made of various fibers, including silk, nylon, and rayon, that is often used for veils or gowns. ... CorrÃ¨ze is a dÃ©partement in the center of France, named after the CorrÃ¨ze River. ... Location within France Ajaccio (French: Ajaccio; Corsican: Aiacciu) is a city (commune) of France. ... Corse-du-Sud is a French dÃ©partement. ... Location within France Bastia (French & Corsican: Bastia), is a town and commune of northern Corsica, in France. ... Haute-Corse is a French dÃ©partement. ... Street in the center of Dijon Arc de triomphe known as the Porte Guillaume, on Place Darcy in the center of Dijon Dijon and suburbs CathÃ©drale St BÃ©nigne - Dijon Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Dijon Dijon ( ) is a city in eastern France, the prÃ©fecture (administrative capital... For other uses, see CÃ´te dOr (disambiguation). ... Saint-Brieuc (Breton: Sant-Brieg) is a commune France, situated in CÃ´tes-dArmor and in the Brittany rÃ©gion. ... CÃ´tes-dArmor (French) / AodoÃ¹-an-Arvor (Breton) is a dÃ©partement in the north of Brittany, in northwestern France. ... GuÃ©ret is a commune of France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Creuse dÃ©partement. ... Creuse is a dÃ©partement in central France named after the Creuse River. ... PÃ©rigueux ( (helpÂ· info)) is a commune of France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Dordogne dÃ©partement and capital of the PÃ©rigord area. ... Dordogne is a dÃ©partement in central France named after the Dordogne River. ... BesanÃ§on is a French city in the dÃ©partement of Doubs, of which it is the prÃ©fecture. ... Doubs is a dÃ©partement in eastern France named after the Doubs River. ... Location within France Champs de Mars and Kiosque Peynet in Valence A World War I memorial in Valence ville Valence is a commune in south-eastern France, the capital of the dÃ©partement of DrÃ´me, situated on the left bank of the RhÃ´ne, 65 miles south of Lyon... DrÃ´me is a dÃ©partement in southeastern France named after the DrÃ´me River. ... Ã‰vreux is a commune of Normandy, France, in the Eure dÃ©partement, of which it is the prÃ©fecture (capital). ... Eure is a dÃ©partement in the north of France named after the Eure River. ... Chartres is a town and commune of France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Eure-et-Loir dÃ©partement. ... Eure-et-Loir is a French département, named after the Eure and Loir rivers. ... Quimper (Kemper in Breton, Corspotium in Latin) is a commune of Brittany in northwestern France. ... FinistÃ¨re (Penn-ar-Bed in Breton) is a dÃ©partement of France, located in Brittany (Bretagne in French). ... NÃ®mes (ProvenÃ§al Occitan: Nimes in both classical and Mistralian norms) is a city and commune of southern France. ... Gard is a dÃ©partement located in le midi, the south of France, named after the river Gardon (or Gard). ... New city flag (Occitan cross) Traditional coat of arms Motto: (Occitan: For Toulouse, always more) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion Midi-PyrÃ©nÃ©es DÃ©partement Haute-Garonne (31) Intercommunality Community of Agglomeration of Greater Toulouse Mayor Jean-Luc Moudenc (UMP) (since 2004... Haute-Garonne is a département in the southwest of France named after the Garonne river. ... Auch is a town and commune in southwestern France. ... Gers is a dÃ©partement in the southwest of France named after the Gers River. ... New city flag (traditional tri-crescent) City coat of arms Motto: The fleur-de-lis alone rules over the moon, the waves, the castle, and the lion Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion Aquitaine DÃ©partement Gironde (33) Intercommunality Urban Community of Bordeaux Mayor... Gironde is a dÃ©partement in the southwest of France named after the Gironde Estuary. ... Montpellier (Occitan MontpelhiÃ¨r) is a city in the south of France. ... HÃ©rault is a dÃ©partement in the southwest of France named after the HÃ©rault River. ... Some medieval houses, such as these at Champ-Jacquet, can still be found in the center of Rennes. ... Ille-et-Vilaine is a dÃ©partement of France, located in Brittany (Bretagne in French) in the northwest corner of France. ... ChÃ¢teauroux is a commune of central France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Indre dÃ©partement. ... Indre is a dÃ©partement in the center of France named after the Indre River. ... Tours is a city in France, the prÃ©fecture (capital city) of the Indre-et-Loire dÃ©partement, on the lower reaches of the river Loire, between OrlÃ©ans and the Atlantic coast. ... Indre-et-Loire is a dÃ©partement in west-central France named after the Indre and the Loire rivers. ... Grenoble (Arpitan: GrasanÃ²bol) is a city and commune in south-east France, situated at the foot of the Alps, at the confluence of the Drac into the IsÃ¨re River. ... IsÃ¨re is a dÃ©partement in the east of France named after the IsÃ¨re River. ... Lons-le-Saunier is a commune of France, préfecture (capital) of the Jura département. ... Jura is a department in the east of France named after the Jura mountains (not be confused with the Swiss canton of Jura). ... Mont-de-Marsan is a commune of France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Landes dÃ©partement. ... Landes is a dÃ©partement in southern France. ... Blois is a city in France, the prÃ©fecture (capital) city of the Loir-et-Cher dÃ©partement, situated on the banks of the lower river Loire between OrlÃ©ans and Tours. ... Loir-et-Cher is a dÃ©partement in north-central France named after its two principal rivers. ... Location within France Saint-Ã‰tienne is a city in the central eastern part of France, 60 km (40 miles) southwest of Lyon. ... Loire is a dÃ©partement in the east-central part of France occupying the Loire Rivers upper reaches. ... Le Puy-en-Velay or Le Puy is a commune of south-central France, pr fecture (capital) of the Haute-Loire d partement. ... Haute-Loire is a département in south-central France named after the Loire River. ... Traditional city flag City coat of arms Motto: (Latin: Shall Neptune favour the traveller) Coordinates : , Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) Administration DÃ©partement Loire-Atlantique (44) RÃ©gion Pays-de-la-Loire Mayor Jean-Marc Ayrault (PS) (since 1989) Intercommunality Urban Community of Nantes City (commune) Characteristics Land Area 65. ... Loire-Atlantique (formerly Loire-InfÃ©rieure) is a dÃ©partement on the west coast of France named after the Loire River and the Atlantic Ocean. ... OrlÃ©ans Cathedral, dedicated to the Holy Cross, built from 1278 to 1329; after being pillaged by Huguenots in the 1560s, the Bourbon kings restored it in the 17th century. ... Loiret is a dÃ©partement in north-central France named after the Loiret River. ... Cahors is a town in Western France in the Lot département. ... Lot is a dÃ©partement in the southwest of France named after the Lot River. ... Agen is a city and commune located in the Aquitaine rÃ©gion in southern France, on the river Garonne, 84 miles above Bordeaux. ... Lot-et-Garonne is a département in the southwest of France named after the Lot and Garonne rivers. ... The Mende are a large tribe (population approximately 700,000) living primarily in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea. ... LozÃ¨re is a dÃ©partement in southeast France near the Massif Central. ... Location within France Angers is a city in France in the dÃ©partement of Maine-et-Loire, 191 miles south-west of Paris. ... Maine-et-Loire is a dÃ©partement in west-central France. ... Saint-LÃ´ is a town and commune of France, the prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Manche dÃ©partement, in Normandy. ... Manche is a French dÃ©partement in Normandy named after La Manche (the sleeve), which is the French name of the English Channel. ... ChÃ¢lons-en-Champagne is a city and commune in France. ... Marne is a dÃ©partement in northeastern France named after the Marne River which flows through the dÃ©partement. ... Chaumont is the name or part of the name of several communes in [[France], as well as a town in New York Chaumont, Cher, in the Cher dÃ©partement Chaumont, Haute-Marne, in the Haute-Marne dÃ©partement Chaumont, Orne, in the Orne dÃ©partement Chaumont, Haute-Savoie, in the... Haute-Marne is a dÃ©partement in the northeast of France named after the Marne River. ... Laval is a commune in the Mayenne dÃ©partement of France. ... Mayenne is a dÃ©partement in northwest France named after the Mayenne River. ... Location within France Nancy (pronounced in French) (German: Nanzig) is a city and commune which is the prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Meurthe-et-Moselle dÃ©partement, in the Lorraine rÃ©gion of northeastern France. ... Meurthe-et-Moselle is a département in the northeast of France named after the Meurthe and Moselle rivers. ... Bar-le-Duc is a town in northeastern France, in the Meuse département, of which it is the préfecture (capital). ... Meuse is a dÃ©partement in northeast France, named after the Meuse River. ... In the old city centre Harbour to cathedral Vannes (Breton: Gwened) is a town and commune located in the Morbihan dÃ©partement, in Brittany, in the west of France. ... Morbihan is a dÃ©partement in the northwest of France named after the Morbihan (small sea in Breton), the enclosed sea that is the principal feature of the coastline. ... For other uses of Metz, see Metz (disambiguation) City motto: Si paix dedans, paix dehors (French: If peace inside, peace outside) City proper (commune) RÃ©gion Lorraine DÃ©partement Moselle (57) Mayor Jean-Marie Rausch Area 41. ... Moselle is a dÃ©partement in the northeast of France named after the Moselle River. ... Nevers is a commune of central France, the prÃ©fecture (capital) of the NiÃ¨vre dÃ©partement, in the former province of Nivernais. ... NiÃ¨vre is a dÃ©partement in the center of France named after the NiÃ¨vre River. ... New city flag Traditional coat of arms Motto: â€“ Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion Nord-Pas de Calais DÃ©partement Nord (59) Intercommunality Urban Community of Lille MÃ©tropole Mayor Martine Aubry (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land areaÂ¹ 39. ... Nord may refer to: Places: Nord (dÃ©partement), in France Nord, Greenland Nord Region, Burkina Faso Nord Department, Haiti 6th SS Mountain Division Nord - WaffenSS division in WW2 Note: Nord means North in German, French, Swedish, Danish, Catalan and Norwegian. ... Beauvais is a town and commune of northern France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Oise dÃ©partement. ... Oise is a dÃ©partement in the north of France named after the Oise River. ... Library of AlenÃ§on AlenÃ§on is a town in Normandy, France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Orne dÃ©partement. ... Orne is a dÃ©partement in the northwest of France named after the Orne River. ... Calais is a town in northern France, located at 50Â°57N 1Â°52E. It is in the dÃ©partement of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a sous-prÃ©fecture. ... Pas-de-Calais is a département in northern France named after the strait which it borders. ... Clermont-Ferrand is a city of France, in the Auvergne region, with a population of approximately 140,000. ... Building of the Conseil GÃ©nÃ©ral of the Puy-de-DÃ´me dÃ©partement, in Clermont-Ferrand Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Puy-de-DÃ´me Puy-de-DÃ´me is a dÃ©partement. ... Pau is a town of southwestern France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the PyrÃ©nÃ©es-Atlantiques dÃ©partement. ... PyrÃ©nÃ©es-Atlantiques (Gascon: PirenÃ¨us-Atlantics; Basque: Pirinio-Atlantiarrak or Pirinio-Atlantikoak) is a dÃ©partement in the southwest of France which takes its name from the Pyrenees mountains and the Atlantic Ocean. ... Location within France Tarbes is a French town and commune, in the dÃ©partement of Hautes-PyrÃ©nÃ©es, of which it is the prÃ©fecture. ... Hautes-PyrÃ©nÃ©es is a dÃ©partement in southwestern France. ... Perpignan (French: Perpignan; Catalan PerpinyÃ ) is a commune and the prÃ©fecture (administrative capital city) of the PyrÃ©nÃ©es-Orientales dÃ©partement in southern France. ... PyrÃ©nÃ©es-Orientales (Eastern Pyrenees, Catalan: Pirineus Orientals) is a dÃ©partement of southern France adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea. ... City flag City coat of arms Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion Alsace DÃ©partement Bas-Rhin (67) Intercommunality Urban Community of Strasbourg Mayor Fabienne Keller (UMP) (since 2001) City Statistics Land areaÂ¹ 78. ... History The département was created on March 4, 1790, during the French Revolution. ... Location within France coat of arms of Colmar Colmar is a town and commune in the Haut-Rhin dÃ©partement of Alsace, France. ... Haut-Rhin is a French département, named after the Rhine river. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: (Arpitan: Forward, forward, Lyon the best) Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion RhÃ´ne-Alpes DÃ©partement RhÃ´ne (69) Subdivisions 9 arrondissements Intercommunality Urban Community of Lyon Mayor GÃ©rard Collomb (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land... RhÃ´ne is a French dÃ©partement located in the central Eastern rÃ©gion of RhÃ´ne-Alpes. ... Vesoul is a French city and commune located in the Haute-Saône département. ... Haute-SaÃ´ne is a French dÃ©partement, named after the SaÃ´ne River. ... MÃ¢con is a commune of France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the SaÃ´ne-et-Loire dÃ©partement, in the Bourgogne rÃ©gion. ... SaÃ´ne-et-Loire is a French dÃ©partement, named after the SaÃ´ne and the Loire rivers between which it lies. ... Le Mans is a city in France, located at the Sarthe River. ... Sarthe is a French dÃ©partement, named after the Sarthe River. ... The city and arrondissement of ChambÃ©ry in Savoie, France, has been the historical capital of Savoy since the 13th century, when Amadeus V of Savoy made it his seat. ... Savoie is a French dÃ©partement located in the Alps. ... Pont des Amours Ã Annecy - Bridge of Love in Annecy The old jail La rue Carnot Annecy is a town in the Haute-Savoie region of eastern France, on the shores of Lake Annecy, 22 miles south of Geneva. ... Haute-Savoie is a French département, named after the Alps mountain range. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion ÃŽle-de-France DÃ©partement Paris (75) Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Mayor Bertrand DelanoÃ« (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion ÃŽle-de-France DÃ©partement Paris (75) Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Mayor Bertrand DelanoÃ« (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land... Rouen Cathedral The entrance to Rouen Cathedral Abbey church of Saint-Ouen, (chevet) in Rouen Rouen, medieval house Rouen (pronounced in French, sometimes also ) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and presently the capital of the Haute-Normandie (Upper Normandy) rÃ©gion. ... Seine-Maritime is a French département in Normandy. ... Melun is a French city and commune on the river Seine, about 50 km south-southeast of Paris. ... Seine-et-Marne is a French dÃ©partement, named after the Seine and the Marne rivers, and located in the ÃŽle-de-France rÃ©gion. ... Versailles (pronounced , in French), formerly the de facto capital of the kingdom of France, is now a wealthy suburb of Paris and is still an important administrative and judicial center. ... Yvelines is a French dÃ©partement in the rÃ©gion of ÃŽle-de-France. ... Niort is a commune of western France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Deux-SÃ¨vres dÃ©partement. ... Deux-SÃ¨vres is a French dÃ©partement. ... The cathedral in Amiens Location within France Amiens is a city and commune in the north of France, 120 km north of Paris. ... Somme is a French dÃ©partement, named after the Somme River, located in the north of France. ... Albi is a town and commune in southern France. ... For other uses, see Tarn (disambiguation). ... Montauban (Montalban in Occitan) is a town and commune of southwestern France, préfecture (capital) of the Tarn-et-Garonne département, 31 miles north of Toulouse. ... Tarn-et-Garonne is a French dÃ©partement in the southwest of France. ... Panorama of Toulon area Satellite view Coat of Arms of Toulon view of Toulon harbour around 1750, by Joseph Vernet. ... Var is a dÃ©partement of southeastern France. ... City flag City coat of arms Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion Provence-Alpes-CÃ´te dAzur DÃ©partement Vaucluse (prÃ©fecture) Arrondissement Avignon Canton Chief town of 4 cantons Intercommunality CommunautÃ© dagglomÃ©ration du Grand Avignon Mayor Marie-JosÃ©e Roig... The Vaucluse is a dÃ©partement in the southeast of France. ... La Roche-sur-Yon is a town and commune in western France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the VendÃ©e dÃ©partement. ... VendÃ©e is a dÃ©partement in west central France, on the Atlantics Bay of Biscay. ... Location within France Poitiers (population 85,000) is a small city located in west central France. ... This article is about the French dÃ©partement. ... Location within France Limoges (LimÃ²tges in Occitan) is a city and commune in France, the prÃ©fecture of the Haute-Vienne dÃ©partement, and the administrative capital of the Limousin rÃ©gion. ... Haute-Vienne is a French dÃ©partement named after the Vienne River. ... Ã‰pinal is a commune of northeastern France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Vosges dÃ©partement. ... Vosges is a French dÃ©partement, named after the Vosges mountain range. ... Auxerre is a commune in the Bourgogne rÃ©gion of France, between Paris and Dijon. ... Yonne is a French dÃ©partement named after the Yonne River. ... Belfort is a town and commune of northeastern France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Territoire de Belfort dÃ©partement in the Franche-ComtÃ© rÃ©gion. ... The Territoire de Belfort is a département in the Franche-Comté région of eastern France. ... Ã‰vry is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. ... The French dÃ©partement of Essonne is part of the rÃ©gion of ÃŽle-de-France. ... Nanterre is a French city, a suburb of Paris, and the prefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine dÃ©partement. ... Hauts-de-Seine is a département in France. ... Bobigny is a town and commune of France, in the suburbs is of Paris, chief town of the arrondissement of the Seine-Saint-Denis. ... Seine-Saint-Denis is a French dÃ©partement located in the ÃŽle-de-France rÃ©gion. ... CrÃ©teil is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. ... Val-de-Marne is a French dÃ©partement, named after the Marne River, located in the ÃŽle-de-France rÃ©gion. ... Cergy is a suburban commune of the Val-dOise département, in suburban Paris in France. ... Val-dOise is a French dÃ©partement named after the Oise River, located in the ÃŽle-de-France rÃ©gion. ... Under the 1946 Constitution of the Fourth Republic, the French colonies of Guadeloupe, Martinique and French Guiana in the Caribbean and RÃ©union in the Indian Ocean became dÃ©partements doutre-mer (Overseas departments) or DOMs. ... Cayenne is the capital of the French overseas rÃ©gion of French Guiana. ... Basse-Terre Island (top) from space, September 1994 Basse-Terre is the name of the western of the two largest islands of Guadeloupe. ... Fort-de-France is the capital of Frances Caribbean département doutre-mer of Martinique. ... Saint-Denis de la RÃ©union, (or just Saint-Denis or St-Denis for short) is the prÃ©fecture (administrative capital) of the French overseas dÃ©partement RÃ©union. ...

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