Artúr Görgey (January 30, 1818 - May 21, 1916), was a Hungarian military leader. January 30 is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1818 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... May 21 is the 141st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (142nd in leap years). ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... The Republic of Hungary (Magyar Köztársaság) or Hungary (Magyarország) is a landlocked country in Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia. ...

He was born at Toporcz, in Upper Hungary, of a Saxon noble family who were converts to Protestantism. In 1837 he entered the Bodyguard of Hungarian Nobles at Vienna, where he combined military service with a course of study at the university. In 1845, on his father's death, he left the army to study chemistry at the University of Prague, after which he retired to the family estates in Hungary. Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... Events January 10 - DePauw University founded in Greencastle, Indiana January 26 - Michigan is admitted as the 26th U.S. state February 8 - Richard Johnson becomes the first Vice President of the United States chosen by the United States Senate February 11 - American Physiological Society organizes in Boston February 13 - Rowland... This article is about the city and federal state in Austria. ... The Charles University of Prague (also simply University of Prague; Czech: Univerzita Karlova; Latin: Universitas Carolina) is the oldest and most prestigious Czech university and among the oldest universities in Europe, being founded in 1340s (for the exact year, see below). ...

On the outbreak of the revolutionary War of 1848, Görgey fought on the side of the Hungarian government. Entering the Honvéd army with the rank of captain, he was employed in the purchase of arms, and soon became major and commandant of the national guards north of the Theiss. Whilst he was engaged in preventing the Croatian army from crossing the Danube, at the island of Csepel, below Pest, the wealthy Hungarian, Count Eugène Zichy fell into his hands, and Görgey caused him to be arraigned before a court martial on a charge of treason and immediately hanged. —Alexis de Tocqueville, Recollections The European Revolutions of 1848, in some countries known as the Spring of Nations, were the bloody consequences of a variety of changes that had been taking place in Europe in the first half of the 19th century. ... The Honvéd (lit. ... Csepel-sziget (or Csepel Island) is the largest island of the River Danube in Hungary. ...

After various successes over the Croatian forces, of which the most remarkable was that at Ozora, where 10,000 prisoners were taken, Görgey was appointed commander of the army of the Upper Danube, but, on the advance of Prince Alfred Windischgratz across the Leitha, he resolved to fall back, and in spite of the remonstrances of his political superior, Lajos Kossuth, he held to his resolution and retreated upon Waitzen. Here, irritated by what he considered undue interference with his plans, he issued (January 5, 1849) a proclamation throwing the blame for the recent want of success upon the government, thus virtually revolting against their authority. The Republic of Croatia is a crescent-shaped country in Europe bordering the Mediterranean, Central Europe and the Balkans. ... Alfred Candidus Ferdinand, Fürst of Windischgrätz (May 11, 1787, Brussels — March 21, 1862, Vienna) was an Austrian army officer who distinguished himself throughout the wars fought by the Habsburg Monarchy in the 19th century. ... Lajos (Louis) Kossuth (September 19, 1802 - March 20, 1894), was a Hungarian lawyer, journalist, politician and for a time was regent. ... January 5 is the 5th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

Görgey retired to the Hungarian Erzgebirge and conducted operations on his own initiative. Meanwhile the supreme command had been conferred upon the Pole Dembinski, but the latter lost the Battle of Kápolna, at which action Görgey's corps arrived too late to take an effective part, and some time after this the command was again conferred upon Görgey. The campaign in the spring of 1849 was brilliantly conducted by him, and in a series of engagements, he defeated Windischgratz. In April he won the victories of Gödöllő, Isaszeg and Nagy Sarlo, relieved Komorn, and again won a battle at Ács or Waitzen. He failed to follow up his successes by taking the offensive against the Austrian frontier, contenting himself with reducing Ofen, the Hungarian capital, in which he desired to re-establish the diet, and after effecting this capture he remained inactive for some weeks. See Budapest (band) for the British melancholic post-grunge band. ...

Meanwhile, at a diet held at Debreczin, Kossuth had formally proposed the dethronement of the Habsburg dynasty and Hungary had been proclaimed a republic. Görgey had refused the field-marshal's baton offered him by Kossuth and was by no means in sympathy with the new regime. However, he accepted the portfolio of minister of war, while retaining the command of the troops in the field. The Russians had now intervened in the struggle and made common cause with the Austrians; the allies were advancing into Hungary on all sides, and Görgey was defeated by Havi-rau at Perorl. Kossuth, seeing the impossibility of continuing the struggle, resigned his position as dictator, and was succeeded by Görgey, who had been fighting hard against the various columns of the enemy. Convinced that he could not break through the enemy's lines, he surrendered, with his army of 20,000 infantry and 2000 cavalry, to the Russian general Rudiger at Világos. Debrecen (Debreţin in Romanian, Debrecín in Slovak, Debreczyn in Polish) is the second largest city in Hungary after Budapest. ... Habsburg (sometimes spelled Hapsburg, but never so in official use) was one of the major ruling houses of Europe. ...

Görgey was not court martialled, as were his generals, but kept in confinement at Klagenfurt, where he lived, chiefly employed in chemical work, until 1867, when he was pardoned and returned to Hungary. The surrender, and particularly the fact that his life was spared while his generals and many of his officers and men were hanged or shot, led to his being accused of treason by public opinion. After his release he played no further part in public life. In 1885 an attempt by a large number of his old comrades to rehabilitate him was not favorably received in Hungary. After some years work as a railway engineer he retired to Visegrd, where he lived in retreat. Klagenfurt (Slovenian Celovec) is the capital of the federal state of Austrian Carinthia (German Kärnten, Slovenian Avstrijska Koroška) in Austria, on the Glan River. ... In law, treason is the crime of disloyalty to ones nation. ...

General Görgey wrote a justification of his operations (Mein Leben und Wirken in Ungarn 1848-1859, Leipzig, 1852), an anonymous paper under the title Was verdanken wir der Revolution? (1875), and a reply to Kossuth's charges (signed Joh. Demar) in Budapesti Szemle, 1881, 25-26. Amongst those who wrote in his favor were Captain Stephan Görgey (1848-1849 bol, Budapest, 1885), and Colonel Aschermann (Ein offenes Wort in der Sache des Honved-Generals Arthur Görgey, Klausenburg, 1867).

Reference

• This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.