The Art of War (Chinese: 孫子兵法 sūn zi bīng fǎ) was a Chinesemilitary text written during the 6th century BC by Sun Tzu. Composed of 13 chapters, it has long been praised as the definitive work on military strategies and tactics prior to the collapse of Imperial China. In many East Asian countries including China, Korea and Vietnam, it was part of the syllabus for potential candidates of military service examinations. Various translations are available and are used by some European military institutions, for instance, in Germany before World War I. The text of the art of war is very useful in games like Risk, Star Craft and others.
Verses from the book occur in modern daily Chinese idioms and phrases, such as the last verse of Chapter 3:
故曰：知彼知己，百戰不殆；不知彼而知己，一勝一負；不知彼，不知己，每戰必敗
So it is said that if you know others and know yourself, you will not be imperiled in a hundred battles; if you do not know others but know yourself, you win one and lose one; if you do not know others and do not know yourself, you will be imperiled in every single battle.
This has been condensed into the modern proverb:
知己知彼, 百戰百勝
If you know yourself and know others you will win a hundred times in a hundred battles.
In recent times the book has gained widespread popularity among managers wishing to compete in the cutthroat world of business. It has also crept its way into sport, with Australiancricket coach John Buchanan handing out excerpts from the book to his players before a match against England in 2001. At the same time this use has been criticized by many scholars of Chinese history for using the Art of War as a source of fortune cookie-like proverbs and not seeing the general coherence of the text.
The Art of War was recently made into a Chinese television series of the same name.
Translations
The Art of War - the Denma translation, Sun Tzu, Shambala Classics, 2001 ISBN 1570629048
The art of war, then, is governed by five constant factors, to be taken into account in one's deliberations, when seeking to determine the conditions obtaining in the field.
Disciplined and calm, to await the appearance of disorder and hubbub amongst the enemy:--this is the art of retaining self-possession.
The art of war teaches us to rely not on the likelihood of the enemy's not coming, but on our own readiness to receive him; not on the chance of his not attacking, but rather on the fact that we have made our position unassailable.
By LIONEL GILES, M.A. [This is the basic text of Sun Tzu on the Art of War.
Sun Tzu said: In war, the general receives his commands from the sovereign, collects his army and concentrates his forces 2.
If asked how to cope with a great host of the enemy in orderly array and on the point of marching to the attack, I should say: "Begin by seizing something which your opponent holds dear; then he will be amenable to your will." 19.
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