Arthur R. von Hippel at age 100; photo taken by his grandson, photographer Jonas A. Kahn

Arthur Robert von Hippel (November 19, 1898 – December 31, 2003) was a German-American materials researcher and physicist and a pioneer in the study of dielectrics, ferromagnetic and ferroelectric materials, as well as semiconductors. He was also one of the codevelopers of radar during the Second World War. Image File history File links Arthur Robert von Hippel (1898-2003), German-American researcher in materials science. ... Image File history File links Arthur Robert von Hippel (1898-2003), German-American researcher in materials science. ... November 19 is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1898 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2003 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... material is the substance or matter from which something is or can be made, or also items needed for doing or creating something. ... A physicist is a scientist trained in physics. ... The electrons in the molecules shift toward the positively charged left plate. ... Ferromagnetism is a phenomenon by which a material can exhibit a spontaneous magnetization, and is one of the strongest forms of magnetism. ... In physics, the ferroelectric effect is an electrical phenomenon whereby certain ionic crystals may exhibit a spontaneous dipole moment. ... A semiconductor is a material with an electrical conductance that is intermediate to those of an insulator and a conductor. ... This long range radar antenna (approximately 40m (130ft) in diameter) rotates on a track to observe activities near the horizon. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ...

Von Hippel was born in Rostock, Germany, in November 19th, 1898. He graduated in physics at the University of Göttingen, where he was taught by many eminent figures of mathematics and physics of the time, such as David Hilbert, Richard Courant, Peter Debye, Robert Pohl, Max Born, Gustav Hertz, and Nobel prize winner James Franck (who was his thesis supervisor. Von Hippel got his Ph.D. in physics in 1924. In 1927, he married Frank's daughter, Dagmar. Rostock (Slavic origin: roztoka, Polish: Roztoka) is a city in northern Germany. ... November 19 is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1898 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... When stuff moves. ... The Georg-August University of Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, often called the Georgia Augusta) was founded in 1734 by George II, King of Great Britain and Elector of Hanover, and opened in 1737. ... David Hilbert David Hilbert (January 23, 1862 – February 14, 1943) was a German mathematician born in Wehlau, near Königsberg, Prussia (now Znamensk, near Kaliningrad, Russia) who is recognized as one of the most influential mathematicians of the 19th and early 20th centuries. ... Richard Courant (born January 8, 1888 at Lublinitz, today Poland, died January 27, 1972 at New York/USA) was a German and American mathematician. ... Peter Joseph William Debye (March 24, 1884 - November 2, 1966) (born Petrus Josephus Wilhelmus Debije) was a Dutch physical chemist. ... Max Born Max Born (born December 11, 1882 in Breslau, died January 5, 1970 in Göttingen) was a German mathematician and physicist of Jewish heritage. ... Gustav Ludwig Hertz (July 22, 1887, Hamburg – October 30, 1975, Berlin) was a German physicist, and a nephew of Heinrich Rudolf Hertz. ... Nobel, (Swedish pronuncaition: nou´bell ), can mean: Nobel Prize - awarded annually since 1901, from the bequest of Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel Nobel Prize in Physics Nobel Prize in Chemistry Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Nobel Prize for Literature Nobel Peace Prize Laureates/Winners of the Nobel Prize By Country... James Franck (August 26, 1882 - May 21, 1964) was a German-born physicist and Nobel laureate. ... Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. ...

In 1933, with the ascension of Nazis to power in Germany, von Hippel decided to move to another country, mainly because his wife was Jewish, but due also to his political stance against the new regime. Fortunately he was able to secure in 1934 a position with the University at Istanbul, Turkey. He later spent a year in Denmark, working at the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen. In 1936, attending to an invitation by Karl Compton, von Hippel moved again, this time to the USA, and became an assistant professor at MIT in Massachussetts. In 1940, he founded the Laboratory for Insulation Research, which soon became one of the most important research and education centers in this area in the world. The Nazi party used a right-facing swastika as their symbol and the red and black colors were said to represent Blut und Boden (blood and soil). ... Shows the Location of the Province Ä°stanbul Suleymaniye Mosque seen from Tepebaşı (January 2005) Istanbul (Turkish: Ä°stanbul; contraction of the citys previous Greek name Constantinople) is the largest city in Turkey, and arguably the most important. ... The Niels Bohr Institute is part of the Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics and Geophysics of the University of Copenhagen. ... City nickname: none Location in Denmark Area  - Total  - Water 526 km² xxx km² xx% Population  - City (2004)  - Metropolitan  - Density 502,204 1,116,979 954/km2 [including water] xxx/km2 [land only] Time zone Eastern: UTC+1 Latitude Longitude 55°43 N 12°34 E Copenhagen (Danish: København) is... The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or MIT, is a research institution and university located in the city of Cambridge, Massachusetts along the Charles River and across from Bostons Back Bay district. ... State nickname: Bay State Other U.S. States Capital Boston Largest city Boston Governor Mitt Romney Official languages English Area 27,360 km² (44th)  - Land 20,317 km²  - Water 7,043 km² (25. ...

Together with MIT's Radiation Lab, von Hippel and his collaborators helped to develop radar technology during the war. He was awarded in 1948 the President's Certificate of Merit from former US president Harry Truman. He became famous also for his discovery of ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of barium titanate (BaTiO₂). For the victim of Mt. ... Piezoelectricity is the ability of certain crystals to produce a voltage when subjected to mechanical stress. ...

He was the author of the pioneering book Molecular Science and Molecular Engineering (1959). The term molecular engineering was coined by him in the 1950s, and he suggested the feasibility of constructing nanomolecular devices. The premier award of the Materials Research Society is named in his honor. Molecular engineering is any means of manufacturing molecules. ... A mite next to a gear set produced using MEMS, the precursor to nanotechnology. ...

Prof. Arthur von Hippel is the father of MIT economist Eric von Hippel. An economist is someone who studies Economics. ... Eric von Hippel (born August 27, 1941) is an economist and a professor at the MIT Sloan School of Management, specializing in the study of innovation. ...

He died with 105 years of age, in 2003.

External links

• Arthur von Hippel Memorial Web Site