 U.S. Army conceptual mockup of an exoskeleton-equipped soldier. An artificial powered exoskeleton is a self-powered exoskeleton typically intended for use by humans in battle, construction and survival in dangerous environments. The concept first appeared in fiction in Stratemeyer Syndicate's Tom Swift and His Jetmarine novel and was later popularized in science fiction writer Robert A. Heinlein's novel Starship Troopers. It has since been used regularly in text novels, graphic novels, and animation, particularly in Japan. Technological developments have since brought the concept much closer to reality, though various problems with control, power and motive elements (the 'muscles' of the exoskeleton) remain to be solved. As it stands while working forms of powered exoskeletons exist all of them lack the speed and range of coordination to be effective in combat compared to unarmored soldiers. They also lack long feasible operation times and overall power output per unit of mass. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2408x3800, 3163 KB) Photo by Daren Reehl January 07, 2007 PEO Soldier: The exhibit future soldier shows the futuristic personal combat vehicle that is being designed by Program Executive Office (PEO) Soldier to increase strength, endurance and load capacity. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2408x3800, 3163 KB) Photo by Daren Reehl January 07, 2007 PEO Soldier: The exhibit future soldier shows the futuristic personal combat vehicle that is being designed by Program Executive Office (PEO) Soldier to increase strength, endurance and load capacity. ...
The United States Army is the largest branch of the United States armed forces and has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ...
In physics, power (symbol: P) is the rate at which work is performed. ...
An exoskeleton, in contrast to an endoskeleton, is an external anatomical feature that supports and protects an animals body. ...
Generally, a battle is an instance of combat in warfare between two or more parties wherein each group will seek to defeat the others. ...
In large construction projects, such as skyscrapers, cranes are essential. ...
Survival may refer to: Survival skills Survival kit Survivalism Survival, a studio album by Grand Funk Railroad Survival (album), a Bob Marley reggae album Survival (Doctor Who), an episode of Doctor Who Survival (television), a British wildlife television program Survival International a charity Survival Festival, Australia This is a disambiguation...
The first Tom Swift book: Tom Swift and his Motor Cycle Tom Swift is the protagonist in several series of juvenile adventure novels starting in the early twentieth century and continuing to present. ...
Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ...
Robert Anson Heinlein (July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was one of the most popular, influential, and controversial authors of hard science fiction. ...
Starship Troopers is a science fiction novel by Robert A. Heinlein, first published (abridged) as a serial in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction (October, November 1959, as Starship Soldier) and published hardcover in 1959. ...
Current research
The United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and other organizations have researched exoskeletons for combat for decades, but progress has been limited and the actual utility of such systems in combat is still debated (with no systems known to have reached more than prototype status). The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of new technology for use by the military. ...
In the early 2000s a number of companies and research centres developed the first practical models of human exoskeletons. One of the main uses is enabling a soldier to carry heavy weights (80–300 kg) while running or climbing stairs. Most models use a hydraulic system controlled by an on-board computer. They can be powered by an internal combustion engine, batteries or, potentially, fuel cells. Another area of application is medical care, nursing in particular. Faced with the impending shortage of medical professionals and the increasing number of people in elderly care, several teams of Japanese engineers have developed exoskeletons designed to help nurses lift and carry patients. Modern soldiers. ...
Hydraulics is a branch of science and engineering concerned with the use of liquids to perform mechanical tasks. ...
The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the burning of a fuel occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. ...
Four double-A batteries In science and technology, a battery is a device that stores energy and makes it available in an electrical form. ...
A fuel cell is an electrochemical device similar to a battery, but differing from the latter in that it is designed for continuous replenishment of the reactants consumed; i. ...
Elderly care or elder care is a broad term encompassing such services as assisted living, adult day care, long term care, nursing homes, hospice care, and Alzheimers care. ...
This article focuses on the education and regulation of nurses. ...
In January of 2007, Newsweek magazine reported that the Pentagon had granted development funds to University of Texas nanotechnologist Ray Baughman to develop military-grade artificial myomer fibers. These electricly-contractive fibers are intended to reduce the weight-to-strength ratio of movement systems in military powered armor. [1] The Newsweek logo Newsweek is a weekly news magazine published in New York City and distributed throughout the United States and internationally. ...
Look up pentagon in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The University of Texas System comprises fifteen educational institutions in Texas, of which nine are general academic universities, and six are health institutions. ...
Molecular gears from a NASA computer simulation. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Exoskeletons can also be applied in the area of rehabilitation of stroke or SCI patients. An exo-skeleton could reduce the number of therapists needed by allowing even the most impaired patient to be trained by one therapist, whereas now several are needed. Also training would be more uniform, easier to analyse retrospectively and can be specifically customized for each patient. At this time there are several projects designing training aids for rehabilitations centres (LOPES exoskeleton, LOKOMAT and the gait trainer). The goal of the LOPES Project (LOwer-extremity Powered ExoSkeleton) is to design and implement a gait rehabilitation robot for treadmill training. ...
Future speculation As the technology becomes cheaper, and the problem of a reliable, portable power-source is solved, many expect exoskeletons to become widely used in the future by the military granting them higher mobility and speed, ability to travel longer distances, hazard protection, load-bearing abilities and the capacity to field larger or more numerous weapons/equipment and ammunition. Police can benefit similar, and later by civilians for day to day activities. It's possible that it may also find use in construction lifting as with cranes and fork-lifts but as it stands its unlikely to be economical or practical compared to pre-existing, larger and relatively cheaply produced equipment. They may also benefit people who have been disabled by crippling diseases like ALS and multiple sclerosis, or simply general aging effects. [1] The motor neurone diseases (MND) are a group of progressive neurological disorders that destroy motor neurones, the cells that control voluntary muscle activity such as speaking, walking, breathing, and swallowing. ...
 Human exoskeleton by Sarcos However exoskeletons may have to compete for adoption with cyborgs - enhancing the human body itself with implants and prosthetics. Yet any advances in these fields may also help exoskeletal research, in that direct links to the nervous system may become possible. This would help integrating the mechanical parts with the body, thus creating more fluent movement and control. human exoskeleton by Sacros. ...
human exoskeleton by Sacros. ...
The term cyborg, a portmanteau of cybernetic organism, is used to designate a creature which is a mixture of organic and mechanical parts. ...
Human anatomy or anthropotomy is a special field within anatomy. ...
The term implant has different meanings: in Scientology, see Implant (Scientology) in medicine, see prosthesis This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
A United States soldier demonstrates Foosball with two prosthetic limbs In medicine, a prosthesis is an artificial extension that replaces a missing part of the body. ...
Powered armor in fiction In most portrayals of powered armor, the suit is usually not much larger than a human. In fact, it is more accurately described as a battlesuit with mechanical and electronic mechanisms designed to augment the wearer's abilities. (Any mechanical armor that is much larger than the human body would fall under the category of mech. Some believe that the distinction is obvious: powered armor is form-fitting and worn; mecha have cockpits and are driven. However, the line between the two can be difficult to determine at times, especially when one realizes that force feedback systems are necessary for delicate maneuvers. Even in a larger mecha meant to be driven like a walking tank rather than worn, a realistic control system would have to be either cybernetic or form-fitting: In the BattleTech universe, a cybernetic system is necessary to provide a sense of balance. In addition to the benefits provided by the exoskeleton, other popular features include internal life support for hostile environments, protection from environmental hazards such as radiation and vacuum, weapons targeting systems, firearms affixed directly to the suit itself, and transportation mechanisms that allow the wearer to fly, make giant leaps, or speed by on ground. Is a last name. ...
A cockpit was a pit used for cockfighting, where owners would pit fighting birds against each other for the purpose of gambling. ...
Haptic means pertaining to the technology of touch. ...
Walker is frequently used for any mobile vehicle that moves on legs rather than wheels or tracks. ...
// A brain-computer interface (BCI), sometimes called a direct neural interface or a brain-machine interface, is a direct communication pathway between a human or animal brain (or brain cell culture) and an external device. ...
20 Year Anniversary of BattleTech logo. ...
In the fictional Battle Tech universe, a neurohelmet is a helmet-like device which the pilot of a battlemech wears in order to provide fine control of balance, as well as containing a display. ...
Equilibrioception or sense of balance is one of the physiological senses. ...
Life support, in the medical field, refers to a set of therapies for preserving a patients life when essential body systems are not functioning sufficiently to sustain life unaided. ...
This article does not cite its references or sources. ...
Radiation in physics is the process of emitting energy in the form of waves or particles. ...
Look up Vacuum in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The bayonet is used as both knife and spear. ...
A fire-control system is a computer, often mechanical, which is designed to assist a weapon system in hitting its target. ...
This article does not cite its references or sources. ...
All of these systems are usually powered by some on-board, self-sufficient power source. Masamune Shirow's Landmates in Appleseed used simple internal combustion engines installed into the thigh assembly of the armor. The 'hardsuits' of Bubblegum Crisis have a battery the size of an American football between their shoulderblades, though the functionality is never described. Still, more fantastic power sources have been introduced, for example, in Halo and Halo 2, the Master Chief's MJOLNIR armor is powered by miniaturized fusion power reactors. In Privateer Press' Iron Kingdoms setting, a steam boiler powers an arcane conversion engine, which ultimately powers the suit. Similarly, in Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within, the suits are powered by single-celled organisms cultured in Ovo Packs. Masamune Shirow ) is a manga artist of international renown, born Masanori Ota (太田 ã¾ã•ã®ã‚ŠOta Masanori) on November 23, 1961. ...
For the Aesop Rock album, see Appleseed (album). ...
The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the burning of a fuel occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. ...
Bubblegum Crisis is an anime OVA series that takes at least part of its inspiration from Philip K. Dicks and Ridley Scotts Blade Runner. ...
JASON Halo may refer to: Halo (optical phenomenon), a ring of light that surrounds an object. ...
// Halo 2 is a science fiction first-person shooter developed by Bungie Studios. ...
Master Chief Petty Officer SPARTAN-117 is one of the fictional protagonists of the science fiction narrative set within the Halo universe. ...
MJOLNIR battle armor displayed in the Halo 3 announcement trailer. ...
The Sun is a natural fusion reactor. ...
Privateer Press is a role-playing game and miniature wargame production and publishing studio. ...
The Iron Kingdoms is a campaign setting for the d20 fantasy RPG system and set in the same fictional world as the WARMACHINE miniatures wargame. ...
A boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated under pressure. ...
Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within is a science fiction movie by Hironobu Sakaguchi, the creator of the Final Fantasy series of video games. ...
Not all sci-fi exoskeletons are mechanical, as modification of biological systems can produce similar strength, such as the Skin exoskeleton in Peter F. Hamilton's novel Fallen Dragon, Jim Shooter's X-O Manowar comic book, and the Guyver Japanese animation series. Peter F. Hamilton Peter F. Hamilton Peter F. Hamilton (born 1960, Rutland, England), is a British science fiction author. ...
Fallen Dragon is a science fiction novel by Peter F. Hamilton. ...
Cover image of Harbinger #1 from Valiant Comics Jim Shooter (born September 27, 1951 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is an American writer, occasional fill-in artist, editor, and publisher for various comic books. ...
// X-O Manowar (Aric Dacia) is a fictional Valiant Comics superhero created by legendary writer and former Marvel Comics editor-in-chief Jim Shooter, artist Bob Layton and Jon Hartz. ...
Bio-Booster Armor Guyver or Guyver: The Bio-Boosted Armor ) is a long-running (over 140 chapters) manga series written by Yoshiki Takaya. ...
The first citable examples of powered suits were the Fat Man underwater suits (with mechanical pantograph arms and a propulsion system), which debuted in Tom Swift and His Jetmarine (1954). The powered suit of Robert A. Heinlein's 1959 novel Starship Troopers can be seen as spawning the entire sub-genre concept of military "powered armor". A Japanese animated version of Starship Troopers was produced by Sunrise with mechanical designs by Studio Nue, which presented a reasonable visual portrayal of how the suit operated (although the OAV story differed greatly from the Heinlein novel). Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Robert Anson Heinlein (July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was one of the most popular, influential, and controversial authors of hard science fiction. ...
Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Starship Troopers is a science fiction novel by Robert A. Heinlein, first published (abridged) as a serial in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction (October, November 1959, as Starship Soldier) and published hardcover in 1959. ...
Sunrise logo Founded in 1972, Sunrise Inc. ...
Original Video Animation (OVA) is an acronym used in Japan for anime titles that are released directly to retail sale, without prior showings on TV or in theaters. ...
Science fiction authors utilize the idea of personal self-powered exoskeletons, usually referred to as powered armor or more commonly power armor. They are often robotic in nature. Examples include: Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ...
ASIMO, a humanoid robot manufactured by Honda. ...
In literature - E. E. Smiths Lensman series, (published from 1937 onwards), contains the earliest conceptualization of personal armour with both defensive and offensive capabilities for all environments.
- The novel Starship Troopers details the tactics involved with powered armor. It was also apparently the first work of fiction that widely popularized the concept.
- Standard issue battle armor in Joe Haldeman's book The Forever War is an exoskeleton using logarithmic force amplification.
- Powered armor operated remotely by telepresence also feature in Haldeman's Forever Peace (which, despite the similar title, is not a sequel to The Forever War).
- The security troops of the interstellar company Zantiu-Braun are described as wearing biological "Skin" armour in Peter Hamilton's novel Fallen Dragon.
- Very advanced suits based on nanotechnology and a very advanced computer assistance system are depicted in Legacy of the Alldenata by John Ringo.
- Armor by John Steakley, who admits that the work was inspired by Starship Troopers, features powered battle armor.
- Dale Brown uses characters in many of his novels that wear a Tin man suit, which is a thin materal that has an electric charge that flows though it to protect the user from all but very large explosions and very large caliber rounds. He also writes about CID units which are Cybernetic Infantry Devices which are approximately 9 meters tall and the user climbs inside and uses some what like an ARMORED CORE unit.
- In Neal Stephenson's novel The Diamond Age, nanotech-derived Hoplite suits are used by modern infantry, and are full-body suits of powered armor.
Gray Lensman in Astounding Oct. ...
The Lensman series is a serial science fiction space opera by E. E. Smith. ...
Starship Troopers is a science fiction novel by Robert A. Heinlein, first published (abridged) as a serial in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction (October, November 1959, as Starship Soldier) and published hardcover in 1959. ...
Joe Haldeman at Worldcon 2005 in Glasgow Joe Haldeman (born June 9, 1943) is an American science fiction author. ...
The Forever War. ...
An exoskeleton, in contrast to an endoskeleton, is an external anatomical feature that supports and protects an animals body. ...
Logarithms to various bases: is to base e, is to base 10, and is to base 1. ...
It has been proposed that Telerobotics be merged and redirected into this article. ...
Forever Peace is a 1997 Hugo Award winning science fiction novel by Joe Haldeman. ...
The Forever War. ...
Fallen Dragon is a science fiction novel by Peter F. Hamilton. ...
The Legacy of the Aldenata is the fictional universe of John Ringos military science fiction series. ...
Armor is a military science fiction novel by John Steakley. ...
Neal Town Stephenson (born October 31, 1959) is an American writer, known primarily for his science fiction works in the postcyberpunk genre with a penchant for explorations of society, mathematics, currency, and the history of science. ...
The Diamond Age or, A Young Ladys Illustrated Primer is postcyberpunk novel by Neal Stephenson. ...
In comics and manga
 Iron Man, the most famous power armored superhero. - The Marvel Comics superhero Iron Man, who wields a specialized suit of armor of his own design, is arguably the most popular American superhero who uses powered armor. Other characters in his long-running comic book series have also used such armor, including War Machine, Titanium Man and Crimson Dynamo.
- Other notable powered armor users in Western comics include the supervillain Doctor Doom, Steel, Batman (sometimes, notably his Dark Knight Returns, Kingdom Come, Knightfall, Batman Beyond and The Batman permutations), X-O Manowar, and Guardian.
- In Japanese manga Gantz, the characters wear a powered suit like exoskeleton, which gives them enormous strength and protection.
- The Franco-Belgian comics heroine Yoko Tsuno wore one in Aventures électroniques (Electronic Adventures),the 4th graphic novel of her adventures.
- The webcomic Schlock Mercenary includes a variety of powered armor, ranging from 'mini-tanks' down through various sorts of articulated hardsuits, to the 'low-profile' carbonan fiber armor that is nearly indistinguishable from ordinary uniforms. All forms of power armor in the series to date has had some flight capacity, owing to the ubiquitous artificial gravity technology shown throughout the strip.
- The Guyver is a biomechanical exo-suit from the long-running manga, anime and films of the same name in the franchise created by Yoshiki Takaya.
- Yu Ominae in Spriggan uses the Armored Muscle Suit, which gives him 30x artificial strength and protection from bullets, fires, explosions and melee weapons.
- During the Incredible Hulk's rampages , S.H.I.E.L.D is known to send HULKBUSTER units. "Hulkbuster" is also a famous Iron Man variant armor, actually an add-on to the famous Mark XI "Modular Armor".
- In Alan Moore's Watchmen Graphic Novel, the second Nite Owl built an Owl Themed ExoSkeleton. On its first test run it broke his arm and he never used it again.
- In Greg Bear's Novel Moving Mars thick reactive nano armor was used to protect martian leaders durring an attack by earth from projectiles and made wearers dangerous to all escort personel.
Download high resolution version (462x702, 117 KB)Cover of Marvel Comics Iron Man #1 (May, 1968), cover art by Gene Colan. ...
Download high resolution version (462x702, 117 KB)Cover of Marvel Comics Iron Man #1 (May, 1968), cover art by Gene Colan. ...
Marvel Comics is an American comic book line published by Marvel Publishing, Inc. ...
The references in this article would be clearer with a different and/or consistent style of citation, footnoting or external linking. ...
It has been suggested that Iron Maniac be merged into this article or section. ...
A comic book is a magazine or book containing the art form of comics. ...
War Machine is a superhero in the Marvel Universe. ...
The Titanium Man is the name of several fictional supervillains in the Marvel Comics universe. ...
The Crimson Dynamo is the name of several fictional characters in the Marvel Comics universe, most of whom have been supervillains. ...
Doctor Doom, one of the most archetypal supervillains and his arch-enemies The Fantastic Four (in background). ...
Doctor Doom (Victor von Doom) is a fictional supervillain in the Marvel Universe. ...
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It has been suggested that Batman (Earth-Two) be merged into this article or section. ...
The premiere issue of the series Spoiler warning: The Dark Knight Returns (known as DKR by fans) is a superhero comic book story published by DC Comics between 1985 and 1986, starring Batman. ...
The cover to Absolute Kingdom Come by Alex Ross (2006) Kingdom Come is a comic book limited series published in 1996 by DC Comics, written by Mark Waid and painted by Alex Ross. ...
Cover to Batman #497: The breaking of the Bat. ...
Batman Beyond (known as Batman of the Future in Europe, Latin America and Australia/New Zealand) was an American animated television series created by WB Network in collaboration with DC Comics as a continuation of the Batman legacy. ...
The Batman is an American animated television series produced by Warner Bros. ...
// X-O Manowar (Aric Dacia) is a fictional Valiant Comics superhero created by legendary writer and former Marvel Comics editor-in-chief Jim Shooter, artist Bob Layton and Jon Hartz. ...
Guardian (James Mac MacDonald Hudson, a. ...
Manga ) is the Japanese word for comics and print cartoons. ...
This article or section contains a plot summary that may be overly long, confusing, or ambiguous. ...
Tintin, one of the most famous Belgian comics Franco-Belgian comics are comics written in Belgium and France. ...
Yoko Tsuno Yoko Tsuno is a comic book character created by Belgian writer Roger Leloup. ...
Aventures électroniques (Electronic Adventures) is the fourth book from Yoko Tsuno comic book series written by Roger Leloup and published in 1974. ...
This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ...
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Schlock Mercenary Schlock Mercenary is an inventive and humorous[1] webcomic by Howard Tayler. ...
Artificial gravity is a simulation of gravity in outer space or free-fall. ...
Yoshiki Takaya (高屋 良樹 Takaya Yoshiki, born 1960-02-21) is a mangaka best known for creating the manga Guyver, which has been multiply adapted as anime and live action films. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
The Incredible Hulk The Hulk, often called The Incredible Hulk, is a Marvel Comics superhero. ...
Hulkbusters is the name of two fictional organizations in the Marvel Universe. ...
In television and film - In the movie Aliens (1986), mechanized exosuits (actually Caterpillar Power Loaders J-5000[2]) are used in loading cargo for spaceships, as well as Ripley's duel with the queen alien. A military version of this loader can be seen in the video game Aliens versus Predator 2.
- The Hardman gear Raimi wears in the 1994 movie Death Machine.
- In the 1994 TV series M.A.N.T.I.S. (Mechanically Augmented Neuro-Transmitter Interactive System) Dr. Miles Hawkins, a paralyzed scientist portrayed by Carl Lumbly, creates a super-powered exoskeleton in order to walk again, but ends up using it for crimefighting.
- The Armored Personnel Units seen in Matrix Revolutions (2003), although these walk the line between powered armor and mecha.
Aliens is a 1986 science fiction movie directed by James Cameron and starring Sigourney Weaver, Michael Biehn, Lance Henriksen, Carrie Henn, Bill Paxton and Paul Reiser. ...
1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
For the upcoming film, see Alien vs. ...
1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ...
Death Machine is a 1994 sci-fi action horror film starring a largely unknown cast, written and directed by Stephen Norrington, who filmed it before his other, more known film, Blade. ...
M.A.N.T.I.S. The original two-hour TV pilot was produced by Sam Raimi and starred actor Carl Lumbly as M.A.N.T.I.S. Lumblys character, Dr. Miles Hawkins, was a rich, mild-mannered doctor who was shot in the spine by a criminal...
Carl Lumbly, born August 14, 1952, in Minnesota, is a film, stage, and television actor. ...
An APU (Armored Personnel Unit) is a fictional vehicle in the Matrix series of films. ...
The Matrix Revolutions is the third film in the Matrix trilogy. ...
2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
In animation - In the American action cartoon series Centurions, the Centurions used a uniform like powered exoframes with several hard points, which enabled them to be with merged with multiple weapon systems.
- Exoskeletal vehicles named "E-frames" were one of the central aspects of the American animated television series Exosquad.
- Exoskeletal suits named "EMACS" (Energized Monster Armed Containment Suit) or simply power suits were a standard weapon in the animated cartoon series Monster Force.
- In the first Transformers movie, as well as its 3rd and 4th seasons and Japanese spin-offs (TF: Super God Masterforce in particular), "exo-suits" were created, allowing humanoid supporting characters to transform alongside their Autobot and Decepticon counterparts. This technology was further used to allow humans to combine with Transformers, resulting in the Headmasters, Targetmasters, and Powermasters.
- Many Japanese animation featuring mechanical objects also have humans controlling gigantic exo-skeletons, such as The Vision of Escaflowne, Bubblegum Crisis,Gundam or Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex. Although many of these are not exactly exoskeletons because of their non-humanoid forms, the main principle is identical. (See below.)
Centurions: Power Xtreme (1985-1987) was syndicated 30 minute science-fiction cartoon produced by Ruby Spears. ...
A uniform is a set of standard clothing worn by members of an organisation whilst participating in that organisations activity. ...
E-frames or Exo-Frames were multi-purpose mecha-like artificial powered exoskeletons featured in the 1993-1995 animated television series Exosquad. ...
Phaeton, leader of the Neosapiens Exosquad was a science fiction cartoon that ran on the USA network and Fox from September 1993 to May 1995. ...
The official logo of the series Monster Force is a 13-episode animated television series created in 1994. ...
The Transformers (G1) 1984-1987, U.S. This page is a partner page to Transformers Universes, listing the various television series that the Transformer toyline has spawned since its creation in 1984. ...
The Autobots are the protagonists in the Transformers Universe, a collection of various toys, graphic novels, paperback books, cartoons and movies first introduced in 1984. ...
The Decepticons (known as Destrons or on occasion Deathtrons in Japan) are the enemies of the Autobots, and the villains in the fictional universe of the Transformers toyline and related spin-off comics and cartoons. ...
Headmasters are a sub-group of characters from the Transformers meta-series, distinguished by their ability to detatch their heads when transforming into their alternate modes, with the heads then transforming themselves into a humanoid form. ...
Targetmasters are a subline of the Transformers toyline that include Nebulan sidekicks who can transform into the Transformers weapons. ...
Powermasters were a sub-group within the Transformers toyline in 1988. ...
Still from the movie Ghost in the Shell (1995) This article is about Japanese animation. ...
The Vision of Escaflowne , lit. ...
Bubblegum Crisis is an anime OVA series that takes at least part of its inspiration from Philip K. Dicks and Ridley Scotts Blade Runner. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Batou and a Tachikoma Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex is also titled Kōkaku Kidōtai: Stand Alone Complex (ManMachine Interface: STAND ALONE COMPLEX) in Japan, and is often refered to by its acronym GitS:SAC. GitS:SAC is a Japanese anime TV series set in...
In anime/manga Japanese animation (anime) and comics (manga) often feature powered armor in one subgenre; both the subgenre and the suits are called "robots" in Japanese or "mecha" among English speakers. This suit will enable a human to emerge in flames and extreme coldness and come out unharmed. This suit can preserve the human muscles and engage artificial muscles that are twice as strong. Image File history File links Uchu_no_Senshi. ...
Image File history File links Uchu_no_Senshi. ...
Starship Troopers (OVA) is a set of manga and anime series based on the book Starship Troopers by Robert A. Heinlein. ...
Animation is the rapid display of a sequence of 2-D artwork or model positions in order to create an illusion of movement. ...
The main cast of the anime Cowboy Bebop (1998) (L to R: Spike Spiegel, Jet Black, Ed Tivrusky, Faye Valentine, and Ein the dog) For the oleo-resin, see Animé (oleo-resin). ...
Comics (or, less commonly, sequential art) is a form of visual art consisting of images which are commonly combined with text, often in the form of speech balloons or image captions. ...
Manga ) is the Japanese word for comics and print cartoons. ...
Most of these are not human-enhancing exoskeletons so much as human-operated robots. The distinction between the bigger robots/mecha and their smaller cousins (and likely progenitors), the powered armor suits, is blurred; according to one English definition, a mecha is piloted while a powered armor is worn. Anything large enough to have a cockpit where the pilot is seated is generally considered a mecha. In Japanese, both piloted robots and powered armor are considered robots. Both Masamune Shirow's "Landmates" featured prominently in Appleseed and the form-fitting "Hardsuits" of Bubblegum Crisis are examples of powered armor that is worn. Arguably, the best depiction of a modern, true powered armor system is from the "MADOX-01: Metal Skin Panic" one-shot OAV, which are ironical linked to the more realistic personal troopers like the K-11 and K-12 who also apear in Bubblegum crisis. Conversely, the "Armored Trooper" of Armored Trooper VOTOMS are an example of piloted powered armor-sized robots or mecha. ASIMO, a humanoid robot manufactured by Honda. ...
For the Aesop Rock album, see Appleseed (album). ...
Bubblegum Crisis is an anime OVA series that takes at least part of its inspiration from Philip K. Dicks and Ridley Scotts Blade Runner. ...
Armored Trooper Votoms ) is a 52-episode anime television series, created by Ryosuke Takahashi and Sunrise, aired in Japan from April 1, 1983 to March 23, 1984 on TV Tokyo. ...
In video games - In Terra Nova: Strike Force Centauri, a 1st person tactical game by Looking Glass Studios, powered armor is the centerpiece, featuring many types of powered armor and loadout combinations. Among those found in electronic games, Terra Nova's powered armor suits are also the ones most similar to the drop suits and powered armor found in Robert Heinlein's novel, Starship Troopers.
- Gordon Freeman's Hazardous Environment (HEV) Suit from Half-Life and Half-Life 2 is an exoskeleton originally designed for working with hazardous materials, exploration and possibly combat due its projectile resistant active armour and weapons recognition systems.
- The Half-life expansion pack Opposing force featured Adrian Shephard of the HECU wearing a Powered Combat Vest (PCV), designed as a high tech bullet proof vest to absorb the damage of attacks. It is assumed that in the story context this is a new or newly mainstream technology funded by the government for the military.
- The Half-Life mod known as Natural Selection features a full armor suit, an advanced technology that Marines can acquire, which absorbs much damage for the wearer, is powered so the wearer maintains agility almost equal to an unencumbered person, and can be repaired when damaged.
- The Half-Life 2 mod known as Dystopia features power armor for its Medium class, and complete exoskeletons for its Heavy class. Additionally, all classes can equip themselves with "leg boosters", which increase jump height and brace against high falls.
- In Deus Ex, the Majestic 12 Commando units wear power armor (dubbed 'obsidian' armor by their creators) that is outfitted with two 7.62 mm machineguns and two rocket launchers.
- In Deus Ex: Invisible War, the Templar Paladins wear Power Armour to combat their biomodified foes.
- Samus Aran from the Metroid series of video games wears an exoskeleton, the Power Suit designed by the Chozo and enhanced with an attached arm cannon, which grants her the ability to roll into a ball around 1 meter in diameter and/or perform very high spinning jumps. In addition, it allows her to survive almost indefinitely underwater, as well as in the vacuum of space. The suit is modular in design, allowing the incorporation of additional weapons detection equipment, movement enhancements, and protective shielding.
- The Fallout computer role-playing game series is notable for its use of powered armors in retro-'50s style. It increases strength, such as the exoskeleton intended to do so in real life and has an advanced version - Advanced Power Armor. It is powered by a Micro-Fusion reactor. In addition to providing physical protection, Power Armor also serves as a radiation shield.
- Powered armor is an integral gameplay element of the Tribes video game series, with all major characters wearing it most of the time. Additionally, all armor suits are outfitted with jet packs, adding a similarity to the original Mobile Infantry equipment in Heinlein's book.
- The super-soldier Master Chief in the video game series Halo is clad in energy-shielded and strength-enhancing armored suit weighing nearly one thousand pounds, called the MJOLNIR battle armor, that can allow him to turn over armored vehicles, quickly dispatch foes in melee combat, and house starship-grade AI to allow him to override enemy electronic defenses. The character is so heavily associated with the suit that he is never depicted outside of the armor, though at both the end of Halo and the start of Halo 2, the Master Chief is helmetless, with his head offscreen.
- Also, the Clone commandos in Star Wars: Republic Commando sport a version of powered armor (though it is more armor than power).
- Exoskeletons have surfaced in many other video games. Some examples would be certain marines from Unreal II: The Awakening and MAX Units from PlanetSide.
- Terran Marines from the game StarCraft wear powerful suits of power armor for protection. It allows both space and ground operations.
- After extensive research, troops in the computer game X-Com have access to power armor that allows damage resistance and flight.
- In the MMORPG Neocron 2 high level players have access to several types of power armor.
- In the video game series the first game Metal Gear Solid, features the character Cyborg Ninja (Gray Fox) possesses a powerful exoskeleton which has stealth camouflage. In MGS2 Olga sometimes weared an exoskeleton which was very similar to Gray Fox. Solidus in MGS2 and Raiden in MGS4 apparently use an exoskeleton as well. The Arsenal Tengus who protect Arsenal Gear and the Metal Gear RAYs in MGS2 appear to be wearing a military prototype combat power suit. Not to mention the Metal Gear themselves, which could be considered an exoskeleton (mecha).
- In video games like Quake 4, Doom 3 and Space Hulk the fictional Space Marines wear power armour to withstand superior enemy alien projectiles.
- In Eugen System's RTS Act of War: Direct Action(Along with Act of War: High Treason), Task Force Talon's signature unit is the SHIELD Unit (Super High Infantry Electronic Defense Unit), which is a powered armor combat exoskeleton outfitted with a GAU-19 20 mm Vulcan Cannon and a Javelin Missile Launcher. These units have medium armor and used mostly as fast hit-and-run raiders that can take down helicopters in large groups, but do not fare too well against tanks and heavy artillery. They can be upgraded with a milimetric radar system to allow their pilots to detect stealth units.
- Monolith Productions' first-person shooter F.E.A.R features an exoskeleton named the R.E.V.E. Power Armor. Arguably one of the game's most dangerous enemies, the R.E.V.E. is heavily armored and wields powerful weaponry such as rocket launchers and laser cannons, yet is almost as fast and maneuverable as a standard human soldier.
- In Crytek's Crysis, the protagonist, Jake, wears a US Military prototype "Nano Muscle Suit" allowing him to carry armor, use heavy weaponry, reduce noise output, increase speed and treat wounds out on the battlefield. These actions uses rechargeable energy reserves that power the suit.
- In Red Faction Parkers Miner Suit (similar to Gordan Freemans HEV suit) is a form of powered armour
- In Time Crisis 4, some of the enemies wear hi-tech powered armour. Unlike normal troops, they take a lot of hits to kill, and have a machine gun instead of a pistol.
- In Command & Conquer: Tiberian Sun there are several GDI units that can be purchased that are named the Wolverine Powered Combat Suit, the Titan Medium Mechanized Battle Walker, and the Juggernaut. It is rumoured that in Command & Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars Nod will have created its own bipedal mech warrior called the Nod Avatar.
Looking Glass Studios was a computer game development company during the 1990s. ...
Starship Troopers is a science fiction novel by Robert A. Heinlein, first published (abridged) as a serial in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction (October, November 1959, as Starship Soldier) and published hardcover in 1959. ...
Gordon Freeman, Ph. ...
Gordon Freeman, Ph. ...
Half-Life For a quantity subject to exponential decay, the half-life is the time required for the quantity to fall to half of its initial value. ...
Half-Life 2 (HL2) is a science fiction first-person shooter computer game and the sequel to Half-Life. ...
M60A1 Patton tank with Israeli Blazer ERA. T-72 battle tank layered with reactive armour bricks Reactive armor is a type of vehicle armor that reacts in some way to the impact of a weapon to reduce the damage done to the vehicle being protected. ...
Half-Life For a quantity subject to exponential decay, the half-life is the time required for the quantity to fall to half of its initial value. ...
OPFOR Soldiers at Fort Polk, LA. An opposing force (OPFOR) is a military unit tasked with representing an enemy, usually for training purposes in war game scenarios. ...
Corporal Adrian Shephard is the player character and silent protagonist in Half-Life: Opposing Force, the first expansion pack, by Gearbox Software, for the first-person shooter computer game Half-Life. ...
The Hazardous Environment Combat Unit (HECU) is a fictitious military force featured in the first-person shooter computer game Half-Life, and its expansions. ...
This article describes the computer game. ...
2004 Banshee car modification for Grand Theft Auto: Vice City - replacement of original Banshee. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Half-Life 2 (HL2) is a science fiction first-person shooter computer game and the sequel to Half-Life. ...
2004 Banshee car modification for Grand Theft Auto: Vice City - replacement of original Banshee. ...
Dystopias logo. ...
Deus Ex (commonly abbreviated DX) is a first-person shooter/computer role-playing game developed by Ion Storm Inc. ...
Deux Ex: Invisible War is a computer game. ...
Samus Aran ), is a video game character created by Gunpei Yokoi, and is the main protagonist in the futuristic Metroid series by Nintendo. ...
This article is about the first game in the series. ...
This is a list of items in the Metroid series. ...
Concept art of a Chozo priest by Andrew Jones. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Retro is a term used to describe the culture of the past. ...
// Recovering from World War II and its aftermath, the economic miracle emerged in West Germany and Italy. ...
Radiation protection, sometimes known as radiological protection, is the science of protecting people and the environment from the harmful effects of radiation. ...
Tribes is a series of science fiction first-person shooter computer games originally published by Dynamix, a subsidiary of Sierra Entertainment. ...
For the game, see Jetpack (computer game). ...
Master Chief Petty Officer SPARTAN-117 is one of the fictional protagonists of the science fiction narrative set within the Halo universe. ...
Namcos Pac-Man was a hit, and became a cultural phenomenon. ...
Halo: Combat Evolved, or simply Halo, is a video game in the first-person shooter (FPS) genre, created by the Microsoft-owned Bungie Studios. ...
MJOLNIR battle armor displayed in the Halo 3 announcement trailer. ...
// Halo 2 is a science fiction first-person shooter developed by Bungie Studios. ...
In the fictional Star Wars universe, the Clone commandos, also known as Republic Commando, were elite Special forces soldiers of the Grand Army of the Republic. ...
Namcos Pac-Man was a hit, and became a cultural phenomenon. ...
Unreal II: The Awakening is a first-person shooter computer game, designed initially only for a single-player campaign. ...
PlanetSide is a Massively multiplayer online first-person shooter computer game published by Sony Online Entertainment and released on May 19, 2003. ...
For the racehorse, see Starcraft (horse). ...
X-COM is a series of computer games, started by MicroProse in 1994. ...
Neocron is the worlds first and only well-known MMORPG (massively multiplayer online role-playing game) that creates a dense Cyberpunk atmosphere. ...
This article is about the original Metal Gear Solid released for the PlayStation. ...
Gray Fox is a fictional character in the Metal Gear videogame franchise. ...
Quake 4 is the fourth title in the series of Quake FPS computer games. ...
Doom 3 is a science fiction horror first-person shooter computer game developed by id Software and published by Activision on August 3, 2004. ...
Cover of the first edition of Space Hulk Space Hulk was a board game by Games Workshop. ...
Space marines are fictional soldiers that operate in outer space. ...
RTS may refer to: General Real-time strategy, a genre of video games Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site, also known as the Reagan Test Site Reclaim the Streets, an anarchist organization The Rapid Transit Series, a long running bus model originally manufactured by General Motors Corporation Return to...
Monolith Productions is a Kirkland, Washington based video game developer. ...
F.E.A.R. (First Encounter Assault Recon) is a horror themed first-person shooter computer game developed by Monolith Productions and published by Vivendi Universal. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ...
Time Crisis 4 is the fourth installment in Namcos Time Crisis series. ...
In other media - In the Battletech(Also known as MechWarrior) universe, genetically engineered Clan soldiers are bred for strength and other qualities to wear Elemental powered armor. Elemental armor also provides advanced medical technologies to keep the wearer alive in case of severe injury or trauma during combat. Following the Clan Invasion, many other governments began to deploy Battle Armoured suits, but often of lesser quality then the original Elemental Armour.
- Powered armor is heavily used in science fiction role-playing games, such as Rifts, to allow weak and mundane humans to compete in combat with supernatural and super-powerful adversaries. Two common examples of Powered Armor (or just Power Armor) in that series are the 10 foot Glitter Boy, which is covered in a coat of mirror-like, laser-resistant alloys; and the jet flight capable Strategic Armor Military Assault Suit (commonly called the SAMAS or Sam).
- Games Workshop´s science fiction universe Warhammer 40,000 includes Space Marines, Inquisitors, and Sisters of Battle, who wear advanced powered armor. Recently, Games Workshop created the Tau Race, which take clear visual inspiration from the Mecha genre in the models, their "Stealth" suits being a prime example of powered armour and their "Crisis" and "Broadside" suits falling somewhere between powered armour and mecha.
- Privateer Press' Iron Kingdoms, the setting for the tabletop game Warmachine, includes Warcasters and characters that don suits of steam powered armor. The suits require coal to keep the furnace lit as well as water in their boiler.
Image File history File linksMetadata CS_SAMAS00. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata CS_SAMAS00. ...
Rifts is a multi-genre role-playing game created by Kevin Siembieda in 1990 and published continuously by Palladium Books since then. ...
20 Year Anniversary of BattleTech logo. ...
MechWarrior is the title of a number of games set in the fictional universe created for the tabletop wargame BattleTech. ...
The fictional Clans of BattleTech were originally the self-exiled remnants of the Star League army, after Amaris the Usurper brought about the downfall of the Star League. ...
Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ...
A role-playing game (RPG, often roleplaying game) is a type of game in which the participants assume the roles of fictional characters and collaboratively create or follow stories. ...
Rifts is a multi-genre role-playing game created by Kevin Siembieda in 1990 and published continuously by Palladium Books since then. ...
Trinomial name Homo sapiens sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man or knowing man) under the family Hominidae (the great apes). ...
A USA-G10 Glitter Boy A Glitter Boy on the cover of Rifts Chaos Earth In the Rifts role-playing game, a Glitter Boy is a suit of power armor known for both its highly reflective laser-resistant armor, and the powerful railgun that is the signature weapon of the...
In the Rifts RPG, SAMAS is a classification of Power Armor, standing for Strategic Assault Manned Armored Suit. ...
Games Workshop Group PLC (often abbreviated to GW) is a British game production and retailing company. ...
This article is about the tabletop miniature wargame and the fictional universe in which it is set. ...
The Space Marines are one of the major forces available in the table-top wargame Warhammer 40,000. ...
The Inquisition (aka The Holy Orders of the Emperors Inquisition) is a secret organisation in the Warhammer 40,000 universe. ...
In the fictional universe of Warhammer 40,000, the Sisters of Battle, also known as the Adeptus Sororitas, are the female warriors belonging to the religious arm of the Imperial government, known as the Adeptus Ministorum, or Ecclesiarchy. ...
Games Workshop Group PLC (often abbreviated to GW) is a British game production and retailing company. ...
In the universe of Games Workshops table-top wargame Warhammer 40,000, the Tau are an alien race, inhabiting a small but dense region of space on the eastern edge of the Milky Way Galaxy, roughly 300 light years in diameter. ...
Privateer Press is a role-playing game and miniature wargame production and publishing studio. ...
The Iron Kingdoms is a campaign setting for the d20 fantasy RPG system and set in the same fictional world as the WARMACHINE miniatures wargame. ...
Tabletop game is a general term used to refer to card games, board games, parlor games, role-playing games, miniature wargames, tile-based games and other games that are normally played on a table or other flat surface. ...
WARMACHINE is a tabletop wargame produced by Privateer Press. ...
Coal Coal (IPA: ) is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by coal mining, either underground mining or open-pit mining (surface mining). ...
A furnace is a device for heating air or any other fluid. ...
A boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated under pressure. ...
Other alternatives An alternative sci-fi concept to the powered armor would be the skinsuit, a very thin (hence the name) and flexible powered armor variant. The skinsuit can be used as an environmental-protection suit, similar to spacesuit (for example, in the Honorverse universe), or may have some artificial muscle that increases strength, resistance and endurance, but in that case sacrifices environmental protection, sensory equipment, and built-in weaponry. The suits seen in the anime and manga versions of Spriggan and Gantz or skull suit from Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty would be prime example of this form of armor. The military uniforms in the webcomic Schlock Mercenary are almost universally skinsuits, utilizing buckminsterfullerene tubule-weave cloth and incorporating antigrav systems to allow a soldier flight capabilities. A skin-tight garment is a garment that is held to the skin by elastic tension. ...
Apollo 15 space suit A spacesuit is a complex system of garments, equipment, and environmental systems designed to keep a person alive and comfortable in the harsh environment of outer space. ...
Map of the Honorverse. ...
The main cast of the anime Cowboy Bebop (1998) (L to R: Spike Spiegel, Jet Black, Ed Tivrusky, Faye Valentine, and Ein the dog) For the oleo-resin, see Animé (oleo-resin). ...
Manga ) is the Japanese word for comics and print cartoons. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
This article or section contains a plot summary that may be overly long, confusing, or ambiguous. ...
Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty (commonly abbreviated MGS2) is a stealth-based game that was developed and published by Konami for the PlayStation 2 in 2001. ...
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Schlock Mercenary Schlock Mercenary is an inventive and humorous[1] webcomic by Howard Tayler. ...
Buckminsterfullerene (C60) Fullerenes are molecules composed entirely of carbon, taking the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tube. ...
Anti-gravity is a recurring theme in science fiction, particularly in the context of spacecraft propulsion. ...
As with powered exoskeletal armor, it is become apparent that even the skinsuit will become a possibility in the near future: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology has reopened research into the space activity suit, a type of spacesuit that equalizes pressure through mechanical pressure as the suit with the breathing gas and DARPA is researching using carbon nanofiber tubes as artificial muscles for powered uniforms as opposed to an exoskeleton rig. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private, coeducational research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. ...
Space activity suit A space activity suit is a kind of spacesuit, which provides mechanical pressure by means of elastic garments as opposed to pressurizing the suit with the breathing gas, as is standard practice in regular suits. ...
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of new technology for use by the military. ...
In Dan Simmons' Hyperion books, one of the protagonists is aided by a woman from the very distant future; she uses advanced technology to sheathe the character in an energy 'skinsuit' that not only acts as a powered body armor, but tends to injuries, allows the wearer to focus on objects with perfect clarity from many kilometers away, and allows the wearer to phase-shift into near-light speed in order to do combat. A person 'skinsuited' thus would appear to the viewer to be covered in a micrometres-thin layer of mercury. Hyperion The Hyperion Cantos form a tetralogy of science fiction novels by Dan Simmons. ...
See also British soldiers with captured German Goliath radio-controlled tanks. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Powered armor. ...
HAL, or Hybrid Assistive Lymb is an electrically powered exoskeleton suit currently in development by Tsukuba University of Japan, and slated for production by the end of 2005. ...
The Berkeley Lower Extremity Exoskeleton (BLEEX) is a robotic device that attaches to the lower body. ...
It has been suggested that Iron Maniac be merged into this article or section. ...
External links Wired is a full-color monthly magazine and on-line periodical published in San Francisco, California since March 1993. ...
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October 10 is the 283rd day of the year (284th in leap years). ...
IEEE Spectrum is a magazine edited by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. ...
References - ^ Passive Exoskeletons For Assisting Limb Movement - Rahman, Tariq & others - Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, Volume 43, Number 5, August/September 2006, Pages 583–590
- ^ Hallert, Ben. Power Loader Halloween costume (English). Retrieved on 2006-11-15.
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