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Throughout history, forms of art have gone through periodic abrupt changes called artistic revolutions. Movements have come to an end to be replaced by a new movement markedly different in striking ways. See also cultural movements.
The influences of the French Revolution (1789-1799) and the American Revolution (1775-1783) awoke Cubans to the possibilities of social and economic change, and stimulated intellectuals to become involved in nationalist and independence movements.
Romanticism, an artistic and literary movement stressing freedom of expression and a reliance on imagination, first appeared in Cuba in the early 19th century with the early poetry of José María de Heredia.
Modernism is an artistic movement characterized by a concentration on art for art’s sake, or by emphasis on the beauty of structure in language and art.
And it is well at the outset to note that a cultural revolution is not the same thing as an intellectual or artisticrevolution, though the three things often go together.
A cultural revolution, whatever the political ambitions of its architects, results first of all in a metamorphosis in values and the conduct of life.
The Glorious Revolution in England in 1688 and the American Revolution at the end of the eighteenth century are the chief—perhaps the only—examples of the former; the latter, regrettably, are much more common: the French Revolution and the Russian Revolution provide archetypes of actual tyranny staging a coup under the banner of imagined liberation.
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