Arundel Castle's west facade

Arundel Castle in West Sussex, England, is a restored medieval castle. The castle dates from the reign of Edward the Confessor (r. 1042–1066) and was completed by Roger de Montgomery, who became the first to hold the earldom of Arundel by the graces of William the Conqueror. The castle was damaged in the English Civil War and then restored in the 18th and 19th centuries. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,200 × 900 pixels, file size: 227 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,200 × 900 pixels, file size: 227 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... West Sussex is a county in the south of England, bordering onto East Sussex (with Brighton and Hove), Hampshire and Surrey. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... St Edward the Confessor or Eadweard III (c. ... Roger of Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury (d. ... The oldest extant Earldom (and perhaps the oldest extant title) in the English peerage is the Earldom of Arundel currently held by the Duke of Norfolk, and used as a courtesy title by his heir. ... William I of England (c. ... For other uses, see English Civil War (disambiguation). ...

From the 11th century onward, the castle has served as a hereditary stately home to several families (with a few and brief reversions to the Crown) and is currently the principal seat of the Duke of Norfolk and his family (grid reference TQ019074). Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk holding the baton of the Earl Marshal. ... The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ...

Construction

Intersection of the old and new walls

Arundel Castle was built in 1068 during the reign of William the Conqueror as a fortification for the River Arun and a defensive position for the surrounding land. The original structure was a Motte and Bailey castle before undergoing an extensive renovation during the reign of William the Conqueror which enlarged the motte and improved the defences. Roger de Montgomery is believed to have been declared the first Earl of Arundel as the King granted him the property as part of a much larger package of hundreds of manors. (For other reasons, the generally accepted first creation of the title Earl of Arundel lies in the year 1138 with William d'Aubigny, confirmed in 1155). Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,048 × 1,536 pixels, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,048 × 1,536 pixels, file size: 1. ... Events Emperor Go-Sanjo ascends the throne of Japan William the Conqueror takes Exeter after a brief siege Births Henry I of England (d. ... William I ( 1027 – September 9, 1087), was King of England from 1066 to 1087. ... The Arun is a river in Sussex. ... Model of a motte-and-bailey Plan of Windsor Castle in 1743 by Batty Langley The remains of a motte, at Brinklow in Warwickshire, England The motte, at Knockgraffon, New Inn in County Tipperary, Ireland The remains of a Motte situated in Callan, Co Kilkenny, Ireland A motte-and-bailey... Roger of Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury (d. ... The oldest extant Earldom (and perhaps the oldest extant title) in the English peerage is the Earldom of Arundel currently held by the Duke of Norfolk, and used as a courtesy title by his heir. ... Events Robert Warelwast becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... William dAubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel (c. ... Events Frederick I Barbarossa crowned Holy Roman Emperor. ...

After Roger de Montgomery died, the castle reverted to the crown under Henry I. The King, in his will, left Arundel Castle and the attached land to his second wife Adeliza of Louvain. In 1138, three years after Henry's death, she married William d'Albani II (aka d'Aubigny, the first Earl, of the d'Aubigny family of Saint-Martin-d'Aubigny in Normandy). William was responsible for creating the stone shell on the motte, thus increasing the defence and status of the castle. Roger of Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury (d. ... Henry I (c. ... Adeliza of Louvain (1103-1151) was queen consort of England from 1121 to 1135, the second wife of King Henry I of England. ... Events Robert Warelwast becomes Bishop of Exeter. ...

Changes to the castle — Medieval period

View of Arundel Castle's Norman motte with the quadrangle in the foreground.

Arundel Castle and the earldom have passed through generations almost directly since 1138, with only the occasional reversion to the crown and other nobles for a brief time. Since the Aubigny family first received the castle, changes have been made and the castle has been re-structured to meet the requirements of the nobility at the present time. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,200 × 900 pixels, file size: 157 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,200 × 900 pixels, file size: 157 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... In theory, a conversion is an agreement such that one party takes ownership of a piece of property from another under the understanding that the ownership will revert to the second party when an agreed event occurs. ...

In 1132, the Empress Matilda was invited to stay at Arundel for some time during her travel to impress her claim to the English throne upon Stephen. The stone apartments constructed to accommodate the Empress and her entourage survive to this day. Empress Matilda (February 1102 – September 10, 1167; sometimes Maud or Maude), also called Matilda, Countess of Anjou or Matilda, Lady of the English, was the daughter and dispossessed heir of King Henry I of England. ... Stephen (c. ...

In 1176, William d'Aubigny died and Arundel Castle then reverted to the crown, under Henry II, who spent a vast amount of capital re-structuring the building, mainly for domestic needs. When Henry died, the castle remained in the possession of Richard I ("the Lionheart"), who offered it to the Aubigny family line under William III comte de Sussex. The last in the Aubigny male line was Hugh, who died at a young age in 1243. When his sister Isabel wed John FitzAlan of Clun, the castle and earldom returned to him. The FitzAlan family enjoyed an uninterrupted hereditary line until 1555. Henry II of England (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189) ruled as King of England (1154–1189), Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Count of Nantes, Lord of Ireland and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland and western France. ... Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England and ruler of the Angevin Empire from 6 July 1189 until his death. ... William dAubigny, 3rd Earl of Arundel (c. ... Hugh dAubigny (died 7 May 1243) was the 5th Earl of Arundel and the last in the Aubigny male line to hold the Arundel Castle. ... John Fitzalan (1223-1267), Lord Oswestry, Clun, and Arundel, was an English nobleman. ...

Upon the death of the seventh Earl in 1272, Arundel Castle and the earldom passed to his five-year-old son Richard. Thirteen years later, Edward I granted Richard the right to hold two fairs per year at the castle as well as the power to collect taxes. This grant provided funding for the much needed renovation of the castle, which, by this time, had fallen into disrepair. Once sufficient funds were available, FitzAlan added the well tower and re-constructed the entrance to the keep. After Richard's death, his son Edmund was executed for his part in the rebellion against Edward II. Arundel subsequently passed to the 6th son of Edward I who was also executed. The castle and titles passed back to the FitzAlans four years later. John FitzAlan, 7th Earl of Arundel (14 September 1246, Arundel, Sussex, England - 18 March 1272) was an English nobleman. ... Richard FitzAlan, 8th Earl of Arundel (February 3, 1266/7-March 9, 1301/2) was an English nobleman. ... Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), popularly known as Longshanks[1], also as Edward the Lawgiver or the English Justinian because of his legal reforms, and as Hammer of the Scots,[2] achieved fame as the monarch who conquered Wales and tried to do the same to Scotland. ... Edmund Fitzalan, 9th Earl of Arundel (1285 - November 17, 1326) was an English nobleman prominent in the contention between Edward II and his barons]] and second de facto Earl of Fitz-Alan line. ... Edward II, (25 April 1284 – 21 September 1327), of Caernarfon, was King of England from 1307 until deposed in January, 1327. ...

The tenth Earl, Richard, fought at the Crécy with Edward III and the Edward, the Black Prince. FitzAlan was also responsible for the building of the FitzAlan Chapel, built posthumously according to his will. Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel (c. ... Crécy was a battle in which a much smaller English army of between 8,000 to 12,000 men, commanded by Edward III of England and heavily outnumbered by Philip VI of Frances force of between 30,000 and 40,000, was victorious as a result of superior... This article is about the King of England. ... Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales, KG (15 June 1330 – 8 June 1376), popularly known as the Black Prince, was the eldest son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault, and father to King Richard II of England. ...

The eleventh Earl, Richard, was treated harshly by Richard II. At the funeral of the Queen Anne, the Earl was beaten for arriving late and asking to leave early. Richard II eventually grew tired of his treachery and executed the Earl before confiscating his property. Arundel was given by the crown to John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter, but when he was executed by Henry IV, Arundel was returned to the FitzAlan line once again. The next earl, Thomas, married the daughter of John of Portugal. The couple eventually became the first members of the FitzAlan family to be buried in the chapel built by Richard FitzAlan, the tenth Earl. Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel and 10th Earl of Surrey (1346 – September 21, 1397, beheaded) was an English nobleman and military commander. ... Richard II (January 6, 1367 – February 14, 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. ... Anne of Bohemia Anne of Bohemia (1366 - 1394) was the daughter of Emperor Charles IV, King of Bohemia and Elisabeth of Pomerania. ... Richard II (January 6, 1367 – February 14, 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. ... Coat of arms of John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter Big John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter (c. ... Henry IV (3 April 1367 – 20 March 1413) was the King of England and France and Lord of Ireland from 1399 to 1413. ... Thomas Fitzalan, 12th Earl of Arundel (October 13, 1381 – October 13, 1415) was an English nobleman, one of the principals of the deposition of Richard II, and a major figure during the reign of Henry IV. He was the only surviving son of Richard Fitzalan, 11th Earl of Arundel and... Joao I KG (Portugues: João, IPA pron. ...

The FitzAlan line ceased when Mary FitzAlan, daughter of the nineteenth earl, married Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk. The crown seized Arundel upon his execution for conspiring to marry Mary I of Scotland, in 1572. However, the castle was later returned to his heirs, the successor Earls of Arundel. Henry Fitzalan, 19th Earl of Arundel (c. ... Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk (March 10, 1536 — 1572) and 1st Earl of Southampton, was entrusted by Queen Elizabeth I of England with public office despite his family history and his prior support for the Catholic cause, although he claimed to be a... Mary, Queen of Scots redirects here. ...

Arundel town and castle in 1644.

Image File history File links Arundel_Castle_and_town_1644. ... Image File history File links Arundel_Castle_and_town_1644. ...

Restoration of Castle

Alhough the castle remained in the hands of the Howard family throughout through the succeeding centuries, it was not their favorite residence, and the various successors as Duke of Norfolk invested their time and energy into improving other ducal estates, including Norfolk House in London and Worksop. Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk holding the baton of the Earl Marshal. ... Norfolk House, at 31 St James’s Square, London, was built in 1722 for the Duke of Norfolk. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Worksop is a town in the Bassetlaw district of Nottinghamshire, England on the River Ryton at the northern edge of Sherwood Forest. ...

Charles Howard, 11th Duke of Norfolk was known for his restoration work and improvements to the castle beginning in 1787 and continuing for a number of years, as he desired to live there and entertain his visitors there. Many of his improvements have since been revised and remodeled, but the library in the castle is still as he had it designed and built. He held a large party at Arundel Castle to reunite the various senior members of the Howard family shortly before his death in 1815. The Most Noble Charles Howard, 11th Duke of Norfolk was born on 15 March 1746, the son of Charles Howard, 10th Duke of Norfolk and Catherine Brockholes. ...

The Royal visit of 1846

In 1846, Queen Victoria and her husband Prince Albert visited Arundel Castle for a few days. Henry Charles Howard, 13th Duke of Norfolk had remodeled the castle in time for her visit. He was thinking of disposing of some of the 11th Duke of Norfolk's work, as there had been several complaints from the celebrities of the day that it was too cold, dark and unfriendly. The Duke devised a brand new apartment block for the new Queen and her Consort, Prince Albert to stay in, commissioning a portrait of the Queen and decorating the block with the finest of Victorian furniture and art. There was also a re-structuring of bedrooms for the court. The Duke spared no expense to make the Queen's visit enjoyable, and he succeeded.
The Queen was received on the 1st December 1846 by the Duke, Mayor of Arundel Edward Howard Howard-Gibbon, and other town dignitaries, and then she retired to her private apartments in the castle. On her visit she walked in the newly designed grounds and visited areas of the county nearby, including Petworth House. Almost every part of the castle that the Queen would visit was re-furbished and exquisitely decorated to meet Royal standards. At the end of her visit, she wrote to the Duke and commented on how enjoyable her visit was, commenting on the "beautiful" castle and the friendliness of her reception. The suite of rooms in which Victoria stayed have remained virtually untouched, they are now called the 'Victoria Rooms'. Among other things on display in these rooms are the Queen's bed, the guest book bearing her and her Consort's signature and her toilet. Queen Victoria redirects here. ... The Most Noble Henry Charles Fitz-Howard, 13th Duke of Norfolk (12 August 1791–18 February 1856) was an English politician. ... A prince consort, generally speaking, is the husband of a Queen regnant, unless he himself is a king. ... Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (in full Francis Charles Augustus Albert Emmanuel) (26 August 1819 – 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... The Victorian era of the United Kingdom marked the height of the British Industrial Revolution and the apex of the British Empire. ... Edward Howard Howard-Gibbon (9 August 1799–22 June 1849) was an English surgeon, lawyer, and officer of arms. ... A distant view of Petworth House across the lake in Petworth Park by JMW Turner. ...

Changes to the castle — 1850 to the present day

The 19th-century embellishments had not been completed when this picture was published in 1880.

Soon after the Royal visit the 14th Duke began re-structuring the castle once again. The 14th Duke died before its completion, and the work was overseen by his successor, the 15th Duke. Work was completed in 1900, and the castle began to look like the amazing architecture on display today. Changes were made to the grounds and he addressed the dark Victorian gardens and made them exquisitely bright and colourful. The problem of light within the castle itself was addressed by the replacement of windows to make the interior brighter. The keep was restructured later on, but the original keep was kept until then for its antiquity and picturesque setting. Today, the castle is still the principal seat of the Dukes of Norfolk, also the Earls Marshal of England. Most of the building is open to the general public, except for the private apartments within the quadrangle. Image File history File linksMetadata Arundelmorris_edited. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Arundelmorris_edited. ... Earl Marshal (alternatively Marschal or Marischal) is an ancient chivalric title used separately in England, Ireland and the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Quadrangle of University of Sydney In architecture, a quadrangle, or more colloquially, quad, is a space or courtyard, usually square or rectangular in plan, the sides of which are entirely or mainly occupied by parts of a large building. ...

Important events

• Marriage of the future Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun (1380)
• Visit of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert (1846)
• Played Windsor Castle in the Doctor Who episode, Silver Nemesis (1988)
• Played Carcroft Castle in MacGyver television movie, Trails to Doomsday.

Henry IV (3 April 1367 – 20 March 1413) was the King of England and France and Lord of Ireland from 1399 to 1413. ... Mary de Bohun (~1369 - June 4, 1394) was the first wife of King Henry IV of England and the mother of King Henry V, but was never queen. ... Queen Victoria redirects here. ... Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Francis Charles Augustus Albert Emmanuel, of the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha branch of the House of Wettin) (26 August 1819 - 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... This article is about the castle in Windsor. ... This article is about the television series. ... Silver Nemesis is a serial in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in the UK in three weekly parts from November 23 (the series 25th anniversary) to December 7, 1988. ... MacGyver is an American adventure television series, produced in Canada, about a laid-back, extremely resourceful secret agent, played by Richard Dean Anderson. ...

External links

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Arundel Castle

• Arundel Castle
• Map sources for Arundel Castle
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• Arundel.TV - Local IPTV Channel