In the context of organic molecules, aryl refers to any member of the set of functional groups or substituents that are derived from a simple aromatic ring. There are more specific terms, such as phenyl, to describe unsubstituted aryl groups and subsets of aryl groups (as well as arbitrarily substituted groups: refer to IUPAC nomenclature), but "aryl" is used for the sake of abbreviation or generalization. In ecology functional groups are collections of organisms based on morphological, physiological, behavioral, biochemical, or environmental responses or on trophic criteria. ... In organic chemistry, a substituent is an atom or group of atoms subsituted in place of a hydrogen atom on the parent chain of a hydrocarbon. ... Simple aromatic rings are aromatic organic compounds (also known as arenes or aromatics) that consist only of conjugated planar ring systems with delocalized pi electron clouds instead of discrete alternating single and double bonds. ... In chemistry, the phenyl group or phenyl ring (often abbreviated as -Ph) is the functional group with the formula -C6H5 Picture where the six carbon atoms are arranged in a cyclic manner. ... IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic way of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). ...
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