Ascension Island
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: God Save the Queen
Capital	Georgetown
Largest city	Georgetown
Official languages	English
Government	Dependency of St. Helena
- Administrator	Michael Hill
First inhabited	1815
Area
- Total	91 km² (222nd) 35 sq mi
- Water (%)	0
Population
- Density	22/km² (n/a) 57/sq mi
Currency	Saint Helena pound (US dollars accepted) (n/a)
Time zone	UTC (UTC+0)
Internet TLD	.ac
Calling code	+247

Ascension Island is an island in the South Atlantic Ocean, around 1,000 miles (1,600 km) from the coast of Africa. It is a dependency of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, which is 800 miles (1,287 km) to the south east. The Island is named after the day of its recorded discovery, Ascension Day. Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links UK_Royal_Coat_of_Arms. ... Flag Ratio: 1:2 Flag Ratio: 3:5 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland uses as its national flag the Royal Banner commonly known as the Union Flag or, popularly, Union Jack (although officially this title should only be given to the flag when its flown at... The Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom The Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom is the official coat of arms of the British monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II. These arms are used by the Queen in her official capacity as monarch, and are officially known as... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is evoking and eulogizing the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a nations government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people. ... God Save the King/Queen is a patriotic hymn, and the national anthem of the United Kingdom. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... This is a list of national capitals of the world in alphabetical order. ... Georgetown is the capital of Ascension Island on the west coast of the island. ... An official language is a language that is given a privileged legal status in a state, or other legally-defined territory. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Dependency has a number of meanings: In project management, a dependency is a link amongst a projects terminal elements. ... President of the League of the South. ... This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... To help compare sizes of different geographic regions, we list here areas between 1 km² (100 hectares) and 10 km² (1000 hectares). ... This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... Population density by country, 2006 List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The list includes de facto sovereign states and dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. ... Front and back of a St Helena £5 note. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Turks and Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 3. ... ISO 4217 is the international standard describing three letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... ... Coordinated Universal Time (UTC - see Abbreviation below for explanation) is a high-precision atomic time standard. ... The following is a list of currently existing Internet Top-level domains (TLDs). ... .ac is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Ascension Island. ... This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E.164. ... For other uses, see Atlantic (disambiguation) The Atlantic Ocean is Earths second-largest ocean, covering approximately one-fifth of its surface. ... A mile is a unit of length, usually used to measure distance, in a number of different systems, including Imperial units, United States customary units and Swedish/Norwegian mil. ... A kilometer (Commonwealth spelling: kilometre), symbol: km is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1,000 metres (from the Greek words χίλια (khilia) = thousand and μέτρο (metro) = count/measure). ... A United Kingdom overseas territory (formerly known as a dependent territory or earlier as a crown colony) is a territory that is under the sovereignty and formal control of the United Kingdom but is not part of the United Kingdom proper (almost exclusively Great Britain and Northern Ireland). ... For other meanings see Ascension (disambiguation) The Ascension is one of the great feasts in the Christian liturgical calendar, and commemorates the bodily Ascension of Jesus into Heaven forty days after his resurrection from the dead. ...

The island is known as the location of Wideawake Airfield, which is a joint facility of the Royal Air Force and the United States Air Force. The Island was used extensively by the British military during the Falklands War. Ascension Island hosts one of three ground antennas (others are on Kwajalein and Diego Garcia) that assist in the operation of the Global Positioning System (GPS) navigational system. The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the air force branch of the British Armed Forces. ... Aircraft of the 379th Air Expeditionary Wing and coalition counterparts stationed together at Al Udeid Air Base, Qatar, in southwest Asia, fly over the desert. ... Combatants United Kingdom Argentina Casualties 258 killed [3] 777 wounded 59 taken prisoner 649 killed 1,068 wounded 11,313 taken prisoner The Falklands War (Spanish: ) was fought in 1982 between Argentina and the United Kingdom over the Falkland Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. ... Kwajalein Atoll - NASA NLT Landsat 7 (Visible Color) Satellite Image Kwajalein Atoll (Marshallese: Kuwajleen) is part of the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI). ... Diego Garcia () is an atoll located in the heart of the Indian Ocean, some 1,000 miles (1,600 kilometres) south of Indias southern coast. ... GPS satellite in orbit The Global Positioning System (GPS), is the only fully-functional satellite navigation system. ...

Ascension Island does not have its own flag or coat of arms, with the Union Flag; and Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom used instead. Flag Ratio: 1:2 The Union Flag (commonly, the Union Jack) is the national flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. ... The Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom The Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom is the official coat of arms of the British monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II. These arms are used by the Queen in her official capacity as monarch, and are officially known as...

History

The Portuguese explorer João da Nova is believed to be the first person to discover the island (in 1501), but did not report it. When in 1503 Alphonse d'Albuquerque (Afonso of Albuquerque, a Portuguese navigator) saw the island on Ascension Day as listed on the Roman Catholic Church calendar, he named it for that day of its sighting. Dry and barren, it had little appeal for passing ships except for collecting fresh meat. Mariners could hunt for the numerous seabirds and the enormous female green turtles who laid their eggs on the sandy beaches. The Portuguese also introduced goats, as a source of meat for future mariners. João da Nova (died 1509 in Cochin, India) (or Juan de Nova) was a Spanish navigator who explored the Atlantic in the name of Portugal - hence more often known as João rather than Juan. ... Afonso de Albuquerque Afonso de Albuquerque, Afonso dAlbuquerque or Alfonso de Albuquerque (1453 _ December 16, 1515) was a noted Portuguese naval general whose activities helped establish the Portuguese colonial empire in India. ... For other meanings see Ascension (disambiguation) The Ascension is one of the great feasts in the Christian liturgical calendar, and commemorates the bodily Ascension of Jesus into Heaven forty days after his resurrection from the dead. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... Seabirds are birds that spend much of their lives, outside the breeding season at least, at sea. ... Binomial name Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) This page redirects from Chelonia, which is the genus name of this turtle, but has also been used for the order Testudines of all turtles and tortoises. ... Species See Species and subspecies The goat is a mammal in the genus Capra, which consists of nine species: the Ibex, the West Caucasian Tur, the East Caucasian Tur, the Markhor, and the Wild Goat. ...

In February 1701 the Roebuck, commanded by William Dampier, went down in the common anchoring spot in Clarence Bay to the northwest of the island. Some sixty men succeeded in surviving for two months until they were rescued. Almost certainly, after a few days they found the strong water spring in the high interior of the island, in what is now called Breakneck Valley (interestingly, there is a much smaller water source, lower on the mountain, which was named Dampier's Drip by people who probably misinterpreted Dampier's story.^[1] William Dampier (1652 – March, 1715) was an English buccaneer, sea captain, author and scientific observer. ...

It is possible that the island was used sometimes as an open prison for criminal mariners, although there is only one documented case of such an exile, namely a Dutch ship's officer, Leendert Hasenbosch, who was set ashore at Clarence Bay as a punishment for sodomy in May 1725. The Dutchman's tent, belongings and diary were found by British mariners in January 1726; the man had probably died of thirst. Leendert Hasenbosch, (c. ... François Elluin, Sodomites provoking the wrath of God, from Le pot pourri de Loth (1781). ...

Ascension Island became inhabited in 1815, when the British garrisoned it as a precaution after imprisoning Napoleon I on St Helena to the southeast. The Royal Navy officially designated the island as "HMS Ascension" with the classification of "Sloop of War of the smaller class". A Stone ship was a naval nickname for such land based establishments. Napoleon I Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Mediator of the Swiss Confederation and Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a general of the French Revolution, the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from... The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore the Senior Service). ... Stone frigate is a nickname for a naval establishment on land. ...

The location of the island made it a useful stopping point for ships and communications. The Royal Navy used the island as a victualling station for ships, particularly those of the West Africa Squadron working against the slave trade. A garrison of Royal Marines were based at Ascension from 1923. In 1898, the Eastern Telegraph Company (now part of Cable and Wireless) installed the first underwater cable from the island, connecting the UK with its colonies in South Africa. In 1922, Letters Patent made Ascension a dependency of Saint Helena, with the island being managed by the head of the Eastern Telegraph Company on the Island until 1964 when the British Government appointed an Administrator to represent the Governor of Saint Helena on Ascension, Michael Clancy. The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore the Senior Service). ... The West Africa Squadron was a unit of the Royal Navy that was involved in the suppression of the slave trade in West Africa. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Her Majestys Royal Marines, also known as the Royal Marines (RM), are the Royal Navys Light Infantry, the United Kingdoms amphibious force and specialists in Arctic and Mountain Warfare. ... Cable and Wireless is a British telecommunications company. ... Letters Patent by Queen Victoria creating the office of Governor-General of Australia Letters patent are a type of legal instrument in the form of an open letter issued by a monarch or government granting an office, a right, monopoly, title, or status to someone or some entity such as... An Administrator (Administrator of the Government, Officer Administering the Government) in some countries in the Commonwealth is a person who fulfils a role similar to that of a Governor or a Governor-General. ... A governor or governour (archaic) is a governing official, usually the executive (at least nominally, to different degrees also politically and administratively) of a non-sovereign level of government, ranking under the Head of state; furthermore the title applies to officials with a similar mandate as representatives of a chartered... Michael Clancy is the Governor of St. ...

View of Ascension Island showing Wideawake Airfield.

During World War II, the United States built an airbase on Ascension Island, known as Wideawake after a nearby colony of Sooty Terns (locally called 'Wideawake' birds because of their loud, distinctive call, which would wake people early in the morning). The airbase was used by the US military as a stopping point for American aircraft crossing the Atlantic on the way to theatres of operation in Europe and Africa. After the end of World War II, and American departure, the airbase fell into disuse. Image File history File links View_of_Wideawake_Airfield. ... Image File history File links View_of_Wideawake_Airfield. ... Combatants Allied Powers: United Kingdom France Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Axis Powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Charles de Gaulle Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33... Binomial name Sterna fuscata Linnaeus, 1766 The Sooty Tern, Sterna fuscata, is a seabird of the tern family Sternidae. ... The Atlantic Ocean is Earths second-largest ocean, covering approximately one_fifth of its surface. ...

The only action during World War II occurred December 9th 1941. At around mid-day, the U-boat U-124 approached Georgetown on the surface with the intention of sinking any ships at anchor or shelling the cable station. The submarine was fired on by a two-gun shore battery at Cross Hill, above Georgetown. No hits were scored but the U-boat submerged and retreated. The battery remains largely intact to this day. U-boat is also a nickname for some diesel locomotives built by GE; see List of GE locomotives October 1939. ... // Note: for the university please see the main article Georgetown University. ...

With the "space race" and the "cold war" Americans began a return in 1956. Wideawake Airfield was expanded in the mid 1960s. The runway, with its strange hump, was extended, widened, and improved to allow its use by large aircraft, and acts as an emergency runway for the Space Shuttle. Ascension Island continues to serve as an important link in the American space projects. NASA established a tracking station on the island in 1967, but has since abandoned it. The BBC Atlantic Relay Station was installed in 1966 for short-wave broadcasts to Africa and South America. NASAs Space Shuttle, officially called Space Transportation System (STS), is the United States governments current manned launch vehicle. ... The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an agency of the United States Government, responsible for that nations public space program. ... The British Broadcasting Corporation, usually known as the BBC (and also informally known as the Beeb or Auntie) is one of the largest broadcasting corporations in the world in terms of audience numbers, employing 26,000 staff in the UK alone and with a budget of more than £4 billion. ...

In 1982, Ascension Island was used as a staging post for the British Task Force during the Falklands War. The Royal Air Force deployed a fleet of Vulcan bombers at the airfield. The opening shots of the British offensive were launched from Ascension by Vulcans in Operation Black Buck. The RAF also used the base to supply the Task Force. The increase in air traffic during the war saw Wideawake being classed as the busiest airfield in the world for a short period. The Royal Navy's fleet stopped at Ascension for refuelling on the way. Following the war, the British retained an increased presence on the island, establishing RAF Ascension Island, and providing a refuelling stop for the regular airlink between RAF Brize Norton in Oxfordshire, and RAF Mount Pleasant in the Falkland Islands. Combatants United Kingdom Argentina Casualties 258 killed [3] 777 wounded 59 taken prisoner 649 killed 1,068 wounded 11,313 taken prisoner The Falklands War (Spanish: ) was fought in 1982 between Argentina and the United Kingdom over the Falkland Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. ... The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the air force branch of the British Armed Forces. ... The Avro Vulcan was a British delta-wing subsonic bomber, operated by the Royal Air Force from 1953 until 1984. ... During the Falklands War, Operations Black Buck 1 to Black Buck 6 were a series of six extremely long-range bombing attacks by Royal Air Force Vulcan bombers against Argentine positions in the Falkland Islands. ... Ascension Island Base is a British station on Ascension Island in the Atlantic Ocean. ... RAF Brize Norton is a Royal Air Force station in Oxfordshire about 50 miles west of London, England, United Kingdom. ... RAF Mount Pleasant (IATA: MPN, ICAO: EGYP) (also known as Mount Pleasant Airport or Mount Pleasant Complex)[1] is a military base for the Royal Air Force in the British Overseas Territory of the Falkland Islands. ...

Politics

Ascension is a dependency of Saint Helena, an overseas territory of the United Kingdom. Executive authority is vested in The Queen, who is represented by the Governor of Saint Helena, Michael Clancy. As the Governor resides in Jamestown, Saint Helena, an Administrator is appointed to represent the Governor on Ascension Island. A United Kingdom overseas territory (formerly known as a dependent territory or earlier as a crown colony) is a territory that is under the sovereignty and formal control of the United Kingdom but is not part of the United Kingdom proper ( Great Britain and Northern Ireland). ... Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ... Flag of the Governor of Saint Helena The Governor of Saint Helena is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdoms overseas territory of Saint Helena. ... Michael Clancy is the Governor of St. ... Jamestown (population c. ... An Administrator (Administrator of the Government, Officer Administering the Government) in some countries in the Commonwealth is a person who fulfils a role similar to that of a Governor or a Governor-General. ...

In 2002, changes in the constitutional arrangements for Ascension Island saw the first Island Council being elected.

Ascension Island also has its own suite of local laws, based on the laws of Saint Helena and the UK.

Geography

Map of Ascension Island.

Ascension Island lava flows and cinder cones.

The main island has an area of approximately 35 square miles (91 km²). A volcanic peak rising from just west of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, much of the island is a wasteland of lava flows and cinder cones; no fewer than 44 distinct craters have been identified. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (770x625, 81 KB) From the Government of Ascension Island [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (770x625, 81 KB) From the Government of Ascension Island [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (677x825, 100 KB)[edit] Summary Photograph of Ascension Island uploaded by the photographer, Stuart Lees. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (677x825, 100 KB)[edit] Summary Photograph of Ascension Island uploaded by the photographer, Stuart Lees. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Courtesy USGS The ridge was central in the breakup of Pangaea that began some 180 million years ago. ... Look up lava, Aa, pahoehoe in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... This article is about impact craters. ...

While the island was barren with very few plants as recently as 1843, Ascension Island's Green Mountain is now one of the few large-scale artificial forests, and is gradually growing with each year. Its highest point is at 2,817 feet (859 m). Green Mountain is a common name for The Peak on Ascension Island which has gained some fame for being one of very few large-scale artificial forests. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... The metre, or meter (U.S.), is a measure of length. ...

Off the east coast of Ascension is the tiny island of Boatswain Bird Island. It is a haven for sea birds, to get away from the rats, cats and people that came to Ascension Island from Europe and Africa. Following a successful campaign headed by the RSPB, the main island was in 2006 declared free of feral cats, and sea birds are now once again nesting on Ascension Island. Boatswain Bird Island is an island of the east coast of Ascension Island in the South Atlantic Ocean. ... The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) is Europes largest wildlife conservation charity. ...

Ascension's climate is subtropical, with temperatures at the coast ranging from about 68 to 88 Fahrenheit (20–31 °C), and about 10 degrees cooler at the highest point. Rain showers may occur at any time during the year, but tend to be heavier between January and April. Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after the German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736), who proposed it in 1724. ...

Demographics

There is no indigenous population on the island, although around 1,100 people live there as of 2005. The military and civilian contractors of the United States and the United Kingdom, along with citizen workers imported from Saint Helena, make up the bulk of the population. The United States of America has around 150 people who service the US Air Force facilities on the island and at Wideawake Airfield. RAF Ascension Island is made up of 200 staff. Other residents include some British government employees including the island's British Administrator. 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Seal of the Air Force. ... Ascension Island Base is a British station on Ascension Island in the Atlantic Ocean. ...

There are five settlements, the capital being Georgetown: Georgetown is the capital of Ascension Island on the west coast of the island. ...

1. Georgetown (pop. 560)
2. Cat Hill (Main Base, the U.S. base, pop. 150)
3. The Residency (pop. 3)
4. Traveller's Hill (Wideawake, the Royal Air Force base, pop. 200)
5. Two Boats Village (pop. 120)

Additionally, there are some cottages on Green Mountain.

In order to gain an entry to Ascension Island, people need the written permission of the Administrator. Additionally, it is a near-impossibility to take up permanent residence. Employment is a requirement to stay on the island. The UK government has asserted that no inhabitant of Ascension Island has a "right to abode". As the local newspaper The Islander reports^{[citation needed]}, it is an issue now disputed by Council members and long-time employees and also their family members.

Economy

View of "The Pier", 1938.

The main economic activity on the island is centered around the military bases at Wideawake Airfield. SERCO Ltd manages the airport with ESS Ltd providing catering and domestic facilities. A former feature of Ascension was the permanently moored 70,000 tonne tanker offshore run by the Maersk which served as a bulk fuel facility but in December 2002 this was replaced by an on-shore Petroleum Supply Depot under military management Ascension Island 1 1/2p stamp of 1937, scanned by User:Stan Shebs This image of a postage stamp may be copyrighted and/or have other restrictions on its reproduction imposed by the issuing authority. ... Ascension Island 1 1/2p stamp of 1937, scanned by User:Stan Shebs This image of a postage stamp may be copyrighted and/or have other restrictions on its reproduction imposed by the issuing authority. ... The A.P. Moller-Maersk Group (Danish: A.P. Møller-Mærsk Gruppen) is an international business consortium involved in a variety of business sectors, primarily transportation. ...

The Island also hosts many communications and relay stations, exploiting the Island's strategic position in the middle of Atlantic Ocean. Both the BBC and Cable and Wireless have communications posts there. Cable and Wireless is a British telecommunications company. ...

The main export item is Ascension Island postage stamps, first issued in 1922. Typically five to six sets of stamps are issued each year. The first stamps were overprints on stamps of Saint Helena. ...

Until recently, tourism was non-existent due to the inaccessibility of the island to transport, the absence of guest accommodation and the restrictive permissions required for entry. Limited air travel has, however, been made available in recent years to the public by the RAF and the Georgetown Obsidian Hotel together with a number of guest cottages have been opened. All visitors still require the administrator's written permission. Sport fishing is the main attraction for many of the visitors. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Angling. ...

The Bank of St. Helena has a branch on the Island. Logo of the Bank of St. ...

Transport

The island has a regular airlink with the United Kingdom and the Falkland Islands, with weekly flights to RAF Brize Norton, west of London and to RAF Mount Pleasant in the Falkland Islands. Although these are operated by the Royal Air Force, civilians are permitted to fly at their own expense. The United States maintains a weekly flight between the island and Patrick Air Force Base in Florida. Past UK and US governments have reached an agreement to allow civilian aircraft to land on Ascension Island. Although designed to improve tourist links and the island's economy, no services have yet been established and the agreement may yet be revoked. RAF Brize Norton is a Royal Air Force station in Oxfordshire about 50 miles west of London, England, United Kingdom. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... RAF Mount Pleasant (IATA: MPN, ICAO: EGYP) (also known as Mount Pleasant Airport or Mount Pleasant Complex)[1] is a military base for the Royal Air Force in the British Overseas Territory of the Falkland Islands. ... Patrick Air Force Base is a United States Air Force Base located near Cocoa Beach, Florida, USA. Patrick Air Force Base is home to the 45th Space Wing. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

The RMS Saint Helena operates between Ascension Island and Saint Helena on a scheduled basis, and provides a connection to Cape Town and Cardiff. The US military service their base and facilities with a regular supply ship and air transport. The RMS St. ... City motto: Spes Bona (Latin: Good Hope) Location of the City of Cape Town in Western Cape Province Province Western Cape Mayor Helen Zille Area  - % water 2,499 km² N/A Population  - Total (2004)  - Density Not ranked 2,893,251 1,158/km² Established 1652 Time zone SAST (UTC+2... Cardiff (English:  Welsh: ) is the capital of Wales and its largest city. ...

Within Ascension Island, the only public transport is a recently formed taxi service; most visitors requiring transport are required to hire a car. There are about 25 miles (40 km) of roads on the island.

Flora and fauna

Main article: Wildlife of St Helena

The protected Green Turtle is perhaps the most notable of the wildlife, coming ashore to lay their eggs on the beaches from November to May. Sooty Terns or "Wideawake Birds" nest in great seashore lava "fairs". Other seabirds include some types of boobies, petrels and tropicbirds (named boatswain birds by the inhabitants of the island), White Tern, Brown Noddy, Black Noddy and Ascension Frigatebird. On land are found such non-native birds such as canaries, francolins, mynahs, sparrows, and waxbills. A variety of mammals have been introduced: donkey, sheep, cats and rats among others. Reptiles consist of two species of lizards. In summer, flies are known to be problematic. Crowning Green Mountain is a lush halo of bamboo, while on one flank is a large stand of tall pine trees which were planted by British mariners for use as replacement masts for sailing ships should the need arise. A few wild flowers narrowly abound such as periwinkle; cactus is present with land crabs in several large colonies near the sea and mountains. Saint Helena, Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha as well the other uninhabited islands nearby are a haven for wildlife in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. ... Binomial name Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) The green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) is a large sea turtle, the only member of the genus Chelonia (Brongniart, 1800). ... Binomial name Onychoprion fuscata (Linnaeus, 1766) Synonyms Sterna fuscata Linnaeus, 1766 The Sooty Tern, Onychoprion fuscata - formerly Sterna fuscata (Bridge , 2005) - is a seabird of the tern family Sternidae. ... Look up lava, Aa, pahoehoe in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Sooty Tern is highly aerial and marine and will spend years flying at sea without returning to land. ... For other uses, see Booby (disambiguation). ... The petrels are seabirds in the bird order Procellariiformes. ... Species 3, see text 0mgg t1z R @ll liez Tropicbirds are a group of three closely related pelagic cows of tropical oceans: The Red-Billed Tropicbird, the Red-Tailed Tropicbird, and the White-Tailed Tropicbird. ... Binomial name Gygis alba (Sparrman, 1786) The White Tern, Gygis alba is a beautiful small seabird found across the tropical oceans of the world. ... Binomial name Anous stolidus (Linnaeus, 1758) The Brown Noddy or Common Noddy Anous stolidus is a seabird from the tern family. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Binomial name Fregata aquila (Linnaeus, 1758) The Ascension Frigatebird (Fregata aquila) breeds only on the tiny Boatswainbird Island near Ascension Island in the tropical Atlantic. ... Binomial name Serinus canaria (Linnaeus, 1758) The Canary (Serinus canaria) sometimes called the Island Canary, Wild Canary or Atlantic Canary is a small songbird which is a member of the finch family. ... Species 41, see text The francolins are the species of bird in the genus Francolinus of the pheasant family, Phasianidae. ... † See also Starling, Oxpecker The mynas are part of the family Sturndidae, along with the starlings and oxpeckers. ... Genera Passer Petronia Carpospiza Montifringilla This article is about true sparrows, the Old World sparrows in the family Passeridae. ... Genera Many:see text The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. ... I smoke weed im growing a blue penis dude#REDIRECT penises are cool ... Binomial name Equus asinus Linnaeus, 1758 For other uses, see Donkey (disambiguation). ... Species See text. ... Species 50 species; see text *Several subfamilies of Muroids include animals called rats. ... Subclasses Anapsida Diapsida Reptiles are tetrapods and amniotes, animals whose embryos are surrounded by an amniotic membrane. ... Families Many, see text. ... Suborders Nematocera Brachycera Dance fly male Empis tesselata The flesh fly, Sarcophaga carnaria Close-up of the head of a blow-fly. ... Diversity Around 91 genera and 1,000 species Subtribes Arthrostylidiinae Arundinariinae Bambusinae Chusqueinae Guaduinae Melocanninae Nastinae Racemobambodinae Shibataeinae See the full Taxonomy of the Bambuseae. ... This article deals with the tree; for the e-mail client see Pine email client Species About 115. ... Traditional wooden cutter beating. ... Periwinkle is. ... Wikipedia:Translation/Cactus Genera See Taxonomy of the Cactaceae The name cactus, plural cacti or cactuses, has been traditionally given to any member of the flowering plant family Cactaceae. ... Superfamilies Dromiacea Homolodromioidea Dromioidea Homoloidea Eubrachyura Raninoidea Cyclodorippoidea Dorippoidea Calappoidea Leucosioidea Majoidea Hymenosomatoidea Parthenopoidea Retroplumoidea Cancroidea Portunoidea Bythograeoidea Xanthoidea Bellioidea Potamoidea Pseudothelphusoidea Gecarcinucoidea Cryptochiroidea Pinnotheroidea * Ocypodoidea * Grapsoidea * An asterisk (*) marks the crabs included in the clade Thoracotremata. ...

Following the eradication of feral cats from the island, several species of seabird previously confined to Boatswain Bird Island are making a return to the main island. Boatswain Bird Island is an island of the east coast of Ascension Island in the South Atlantic Ocean. ...

Offshore, there is a variety of open-ocean fish, including sharks, wahoo, tuna, bonito, barracuda, marlin, blackfish and sailfish. Orders Carcharhiniformes Heterodontiformes Hexanchiformes Lamniformes Orectolobiformes Pristiophoriformes Squaliformes Squatiniformes Sharks (superorder Selachimorpha) are fish with a full cartilaginous skeleton[1] and a streamlined body. ... Binomial name Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier, 1829) Wahoo caught by local fisherman in Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles The Wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri) is a dark blue scombrid fish found worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas. ... Species See text. ... Species Sarda australis Sarda chiliensis Sarda orientalis Sarda sarda Bonito is a name given to various species of medium-sized, predatory fish of the genus Sarda, in the mackerel family, including the common or Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda) and the Pacific bonito (Sarda chiliensis). ... Species See text. ... Genera Istiophorus Makaira Tetrapturus See text for species. ... Blackfish is used in common names of several small freshwater fishes and some cetaceans of the oceanic dolphin family. ... Species Istiophorus albicans Istiophorus platypterus Sailfishes (genus Istiophorus) are fish living in all the oceans of the world. ...

References

• Duff Hart-Davis, Ascension, the story of a South Atlantic island, p.15
• Official Ascension Island Government site
• Siebert, L. and T. Simkin (2002-). Volcanoes of the World: an Illustrated Catalog of Holocene Volcanoes and their Eruptions. Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program Digital Information Series, GVP-3. URL: http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/
• Sanders, Sarah, Important Bird Areas in the United Kingdom Overseas Territories; priority sites for conservation (RSPB, 2006)

External links

Wikimedia Atlas of Ascension Island.

Look up Ascension Island in
Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Ascension Island Newspaper
• Ascension Island Government
• Rocket launches from Ascension
• Barry Weaver home page of Ascension Islands
• CIA World Factbook entry about Saint Helena
• Live Web Cam of Ascension
• Cable and Wireless

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Overseas territories	Anguilla · Bermuda · British Antarctic Territory · British Indian Ocean Territory · British Virgin Islands · Cayman Islands · Falkland Islands · Gibraltar · Montserrat · Pitcairn Islands · St. Helena (including Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha) · South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands · Turks and Caicos Islands
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Sovereign base areas	Akrotiri and Dhekelia

Coordinates: 7°56′S 14°22′W Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

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British Empire, Commonwealth and overseas territories

Current territory  ·  Former territory  ·  Former territory now a Commonwealth Realm Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... The British Empire in 1897, marked in pink, the traditional colour for Imperial British dominions on maps. ... The Commonwealth of Nations (CN), usually known as the Commonwealth, is a voluntary association of 53 independent sovereign states, the majority of which are former colonies of the United Kingdom. ... Location of the British overseas territories (British Antarctic Territory and Sovereign Base Areas of Cyprus not shown) A BRITISH OVERSEAS TERRITORY is one of 14 (as of 2006) territories which are under the sovereignty of the United Kingdom, but not considered part of the United Kingdom itself. ... The Commonwealth Realms, shown in pink A Commonwealth Realm is any one of the 16 sovereign states of the Commonwealth of Nations that separately recognise Queen Elizabeth II as their monarch. ...

Europe 

18th century 1708-1757  Minorca 1713           Gibraltar 1782-1802  Minorca World map showing Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Flag of Minorca This is a taula from the site of Talatì de Dalt about 4km west of Maó Minorca (Menorca both in Catalan and Spanish and increasingly in English usage; from Latin Balearis Minor, later Minorica minor island) is one of the Balearic Islands (Illes Balears Catalan official name... Flag of Minorca This is a taula from the site of Talatì de Dalt about 4km west of Maó Minorca (Menorca both in Catalan and Spanish and increasingly in English usage; from Latin Balearis Minor, later Minorica minor island) is one of the Balearic Islands (Illes Balears Catalan official name...

19th century 1800-1964  Malta 1807-1890  Heligoland 1809-1864  Ionian Islands 1878-1960  Cyprus Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Heligoland (in German, Helgoland and in North Frisian, Lun, HÃ¥lilönj) is a small German archipelago in the North Sea. ... The Ionian Islands (Modern Greek: Ionioi Nisoi, Ιόνιοι Νήσοι; Ancient Greek: Ionioi Nesoi, Ιόνιοι Νήσοι) are a group of islands in Greece. ...

20th century 1960           Akrotiri and Dhekelia (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... Anthem: God Save the Queen Akrotiri (left) and Dhekelia Sovereign Base Areas indicated in pink. ...

North America 

16th century 1583-1907  Newfoundland 17th century 1607-1784  Thirteen Colonies 1619           Bermuda 1670-1870  Rupert's Land 18th century Canada (British Imperial)    1763-1791  Quebec    1791-1841  Lower Canada    1791-1841  Upper Canada World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... Newfoundland —   (stress on final syllable; for mispronunciations, see Newfoundland travel guide from Wikitravel)— (French: , Irish: ) is a large island off the east coast of North America, and the most populous part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... In 1775, the British claimed authority over the red and pink areas on this map and Spain ruled the orange. ... Ruperts Land Ruperts Land was a territory consisting of much of modern Canada. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... // Main article: Province of Quebec (1763-1791) In North America, Seven Years War officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on February 10, 1763. ... Province of Quebec (COLONIAL PERIOD, 1763-1791) Great Britain acquired Canada by the Treaty of Paris (1763) when King Louis XV of France and his advisors chose to keep the territory of Guadeloupe for its valuable sugar crops instead of New France, which was viewed as a vast, frozen wasteland... Map of Lower Canada (green) Lower Canada was a British colony on the lower Saint Lawrence River and the shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence (1791-1841). ... Flag Map of Upper Canada (orange) Capital Newark 1792 - 1797 York 1797 - 1841 Language(s) English Religion Church of England Government Constitutional monarchy Sovereign  - 1791-1820 George III  - 1837-1841 Victoria Lieutenant-Governor See list of Lieutenant-Governors Legislature Parliament of Upper Canada  - Upper house Legislative Council  - Lower house Legislative...

19th century Canada (British Imperial)    1841-1867  Province of Canada    1849-1866  Vancouver Island    1858-1871  British Columbia    1859-1870  North-Western Territory    1862-1863  Stikine Territory Canada (post-Confederation)    1867-1931  Dominion of Canada Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... // Main article: Province of Quebec (1763-1791) In North America, Seven Years War officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on February 10, 1763. ... Note: for information about Canadas present-day provinces, see Provinces and territories of Canada. ... See main article Vancouver Island Colonial flag of Vancouver Island, consisting of the British Blue Ensign and the great seal of the colony. ... The Colony of British Columbia was a crown colony of British North America from 1858 until 1871. ... The North-Western Territory at its greatest extent, 1859 The North-Western Territory was a region of British North America until 1870. ... Stikine Territory Stikine Territory (usually spelt Stickeen in the 19th Century) was a territory that existed in British North America from July 19, 1862 until July of the next year. ... // Confederation Main article: Canadian Confederation Fathers of Confederation meet in Quebec City In the 1860s, in the wake of the American Civil War, the British were concerned with possible American reprisals against Canada for Britains tacit support of the Confederacy. ... Canada is the second largest and the northern-most country in the world, occupying most of the North American land mass. ...

20th century Canada (post-Confederation)    1907-1931  Dominion of Newfoundland (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... // Confederation Main article: Canadian Confederation Fathers of Confederation meet in Quebec City In the 1860s, in the wake of the American Civil War, the British were concerned with possible American reprisals against Canada for Britains tacit support of the Confederacy. ... National motto: Quaerite Prime Regnum Dei (Latin: Seek ye first the kingdom of God) Capital St. ...

Latin America and the Caribbean 

17th century 1605-1979  St. Lucia 1624-1966  Barbados 1627-1979  St. Vincent and the Grenadines 1632           Montserrat 1643-1860  Bay Islands 1650           Anguilla 1655-1850  Mosquito Coast (protectorate) 1655-1962  Jamaica 1666           British Virgin Islands 1670           Cayman Islands 1670-1973  Bahamas 1671-1816  Leeward Islands 18th century 1762-1974  Grenada 1763-1978  Dominica 1799           Turks and Caicos Islands Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... West Indian redirects here. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Islas de la Bahía (Bay Islands) is one of the 18 departments (departamentos) into which the Central American nation of Honduras is divided. ... Mosquito Coast, Honduras/Nicaragua The article is about the Central American area. ... The Leeward Islands are the northern islands of the Lesser Antilles. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ...

19th century 1831-1966  British Guiana 1833-1960  Windward Islands 1833-1960  Leeward Islands 1860-1981  Antigua and Barbuda 1871-1964  British Honduras (Belize) 1882-1983  St. Kitts and Nevis 1889-1962  Trinidad and Tobago Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... British Guiana and its boundary lines, 1896 Flag of British Guiana British Guiana was the name of the British colony on the northern coast of South America, now the independent nation of Guyana. ... The Windward Islands are the southern islands of the Lesser Antilles. ... The Leeward Islands are the northern islands of the Lesser Antilles. ... Flag of British Honduras British Honduras was the former name of a British colony on the east coast of Central America just to the south-east of Mexico, now the independent nation of Belize. ...

20th century 1958-1962  West Indies Federation (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... National motto: Official language English Political status Overseas territory of the UK Capital Chaguaramas Largest cities Kingston and Port of Spain Monarch Queen Elizabeth II Governor-General Patrick George Thomas Buchan-Hepburn Prime Minister Grantley Herbert Adams (West Indies Federal Labour Party) Creation January 3, 1958 (union of most of...

Africa 

18th century 1795-1803  Cape Colony A world map showing the continent of Africa. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Anthem: God Save the Queen Cape Colony Capital Cape Town Language(s) English and Dutch1 Religion Dutch Reformed Church, Anglican Government Constitutional monarchy Last Monarch King George VI Last Prime Minister  - 1908 – 1910 John X. Merriman Last Governor  - 1901 - 1910 Walter Hely-Hutchinson Historical era 19th century  - Dutch East India...	19th century 1806-1910  Cape Colony 1816-1965  Gambia 1856-1910  Natal 1868-1966  Basutoland 1874-1957  Gold Coast 1882-1922  Egypt 1884-1966  Bechuanaland 1884-1960  British Somaliland 1887-1897  Zululand 1888-1894  Matabeleland 1890-1980  Southern Rhodesia 1890-1963  Zanzibar 1891-1964  Nyasaland 1891-1907  British Central Africa 1893-1968  Swaziland 1895-1920  British East Africa 1899-1956  Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Anthem: God Save the Queen Cape Colony Capital Cape Town Language(s) English and Dutch1 Religion Dutch Reformed Church, Anglican Government Constitutional monarchy Last Monarch King George VI Last Prime Minister  - 1908 – 1910 John X. Merriman Last Governor  - 1901 - 1910 Walter Hely-Hutchinson Historical era 19th century  - Dutch East India... The Colony of Natal was a British colony in south-eastern Africa. ... The mountainous and largely arid land that came to be Basutoland was populated by San (bushmen, Qhuaique) until the end of the 16th century. ... Flag of Gold Coast Gold Coast was a British colony on the Gulf of Guinea in west Africa. ... The Bechuanaland Protectorate (BP) was a protectorate established on March 31, 1885 by Britain in the area of what is now Botswana. ... The British Somaliland was a British protectorate in the north part of the Horn of Africa, and later part of Somalia and presently the unrecognized Republic of Somaliland. ... Zululand was the Zulu-dominated area of what is now northern KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. ... Matabeleland is a region in the west and south-west of Zimbabwe, between the Limpopo and Zambezi rivers. ... Southern Rhodesia was the name of the British colony situated immediately to the north of South Africa, known today as Zimbabwe. ... Motto: Uhuru na Umoja (Swahili: Freedom and Unity) Anthem: Mungu ibariki Afrika (God Bless Africa) Capital (and largest city) Stone Town English Government Republic  - President Amani Abeid Karume  - Prime Minister Shamsi Vuai Nahodha Independence From the United Kingdom   - Tanganyika December 9, 1961   - Zanzibar December 19, 1963   - Merge April 26, 1964... Hominid remains and stone implements have been identified in Malawi dating back more than one million years, and early humans inhabited the vicinity of Lake Malawi 50,000 to 60,000 years ago. ... Flag of British Central Africa The British Central Africa Protectorate existed in the area of present-day Malawi between 1891 and 1907. ... British East Africa was a British protectorate in East Africa, covering generally the area of present-day Kenya and lasting from 1890 to 1920, when it became the colony of Kenya. ... Anglo-Egyptian Sudan was the name of Sudan between 1899 and 1956, when it was a condominium of the United Kingdom and Egypt. ...	20th century 1900-1914  Northern Nigeria 1900-1914  Southern Nigeria 1900-1910  Orange River Colony 1910-1961  South Africa 1911-1964  Northern Rhodesia 1919-1960  Cameroons1 1920-1963  Kenya 1922-1961  Tanganyika 1965           British Indian Ocean Territory (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... Northern Nigeria was a British colony formed in 1900 from the interior territories of the Royal Niger Company, north from about where the Niger River and Benin River joined at Lokoja. ... Southern Nigeria was a British protectorate in the coastal areas of modern-day Nigeria, formed in 1900 from union of the Niger Coast Protectorate with territories chartered by the Royal Niger Company below Lokoja on the Niger River. ... Flag of Orange River Colony The Orange River Colony was a British colony created by the annexation of the Orange Free State in 1900, after the Boer War. ... Flag of Northern Rhodesia. ... Flag of Tanganyika Tanganyika was an East African republic within the Commonwealth of Nations, named after Lake Tanganyika, which formed its western border. ...
1 League of Nations mandate Mandates in the Middle east and Africa. ...

Asia 

16th century 1634-1947  Bengal World map showing the location of Asia. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... Bengal, known as Bango ( Bengali:বঙ্গ), Bangla (বাংলা), Bangodesh (বঙ্গদেশ), or Bangladesh (বাংলাদেশ) in Bengali, is a region in the northeast of South Asia. ...	19th century 1839-1967  Aden 1841-1997  Hong Kong 1858-1947  India 1891-1971  Muscat and Oman protectorate 1892-1971  Trucial States protectorate Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Port of Aden (around 1910). ... Muscat and Oman was a country that encompassed the present day Sultanate of Oman and parts of the United Arab Emirates(UAE). ... History of the United Arab Emirates. ...	20th century 1918-1961  Kuwait protectorate 1920-1932  Iraq1 1921-1946  Transjordan1 1923-1948  Palestine1 (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... For Kuwaits capital city, see Kuwait City. ... Map of the territory of the British Mandate of Palestine The Emirate of Transjordan was an autonomous political division of the British Mandate of Palestine, created as an administrative entity in April 1921 before the Mandate came into effect. ... Flag Palestine and Transjordan were incorporated (under different legal and administrative arrangements) into the British Mandate of Palestine, issued by the League of Nations to Great Britain on 29 September, 1923 Capital Not specified Organizational structure League of Nations Mandate High Commissioner  - 1920 — 1925 Sir Herbert Louis Samuel  - 1945 — 1948...
1 League of Nations mandate Mandates in the Middle east and Africa. ...

Oceania and the Pacific 

18th century 1788-1942  Australia 1794-1843  Sandwich Islands For the fictional superstate in George Orwells novel, see Oceania (Nineteen Eighty-Four). ... Pacific redirects here. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... The Sandwich Islands was the name given to Hawaii by Captain James Cook on his discovery of the islands on January 18, 1778. ...

19th century 1803-1901  Van Diemen's Land 1824-1980  New Hebrides 1826-1946  Straits Settlements 1838           Pitcairn Islands 1840-1907  New Zealand 1841-1941  Kingdom of Sarawak 1877-1976  British Western Pacific Territories 1882-1963  British North Borneo 1884-1949  Territory of Papua 1885-1946  Unfederated Malay States 1888-1965  Cook Islands 1888-1984  Sultanate of Brunei 1889-1948  Union Islands 1892-1979  Gilbert and Ellice Islands 1893-1978  British Solomon Islands 1895-1946  Federated Malay States Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Van Diemens Land was the original name used by Europeans for the island of Tasmania, now part of Australia. ... The New Hebrides are an island group in the South Pacific that now form the nation of Vanuatu. ... The Straits Settlements were a collection of territories of the British East India Company in Southeast Asia, which were given collective administration in 1826. ... The White Rajahs refer to a dynasty that founded and ruled the Kingdom of Sarawak from 1841 to 1946. ... The British Western Pacific Territories was the name of a colonial entity, created in 1877, for the administration, under a single representative of the British Crown, styled High Commissioner (compare other uses of this title), of a series of relatively minor Pacific islands in and around Oceania // The island entities... Motto: Pergo et Perago (Latin: I undertake and I achieve”) British North Borneo Capital Jesselton Language(s) Malay, English Government Monarchy Monarch  - 1882 - 1901 Victoria  - 1952 - 1963 Elizabeth II Governor  - 1896 - 1901 Robert Scott Historical era New Imperialism  - North Borneo Company May, 1882  - British protectorate 1888  - Japanese invasion January 1... The Territory of Papua was an Australian possession comprising the southeastern quarter of the island of New Guinea, existing from roughly 1902 to 1949. ... The Unfederated Malay States were five Malay states, namely Johore Terengganu Kelantan Kedah Perlis Together the states were not a single entity but merely a category to describe those states which were not Federated Malay States or Straits Settlements. ... Motto: Always in service with Gods guidance(translation) Anthem: Allah Peliharakan Sultan God Bless the Sultan Capital (and largest city) Bandar Seri Begawan Official languages Malay (national), English Government Absolute monarchy  - Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Independence    - British protectorate ended January 1, 1984  Area  - Total 5,765 km² (170th) 2,226... Geographic location of atolls: Atafu Nukunonu Fakaofo Languages Tokelauan, English Capital None; each atoll has its own administrative centre Political status Territory of New Zealand Head of State Queen Elizabeth II (as Queen of New Zealand) Administrator David Payton Head of Government Kolouei OBrien Area   – Total   – % water  12 km... The Gilbert and Ellice Islands were a British protectorate from 1892 and colony from 1916 — until 1 January 1976 when the islands were divided into two different colonies which became independent nations shortly after. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Federated Malay States (FMS) was a federation of four states on the Malay Peninsula - Pahang, Perak, Selangor, and Negeri Sembilan - established by the British government in 1895, and lasted until 1946, when they together with the Straits Settlements and the Unfederated Malay States formed the Malayan Union. ...

20th century 1900-1974  Niue 1907-1953  Dominion of New Zealand 1907-1949  Swan River Colony 1949-1975  Territory of Papua and New Guinea (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... For alternative meanings, see New Zealand (disambiguation). ... See also: History of Western Australia // Background to the Settlement The founding father of modern Western Australia was James Stirling who, in 1827, explored the Swan River area in HMS Success which first anchored off Rottnest, and later in Cockburn Sound. ... Flag Capital Canberra Language(s) English (official), Austronesian languages, Papuan languages, English creoles Organizational structure Colony King List of British monarchs Prime Minister List of Prime Ministers of Australia Legislature House of Assembly Historical era Cold War  - Union established November 6, 1949  - Self-governing December 1, 1973  - Independence September 16...

South Atlantic 

17th century 1659           St. Helena Look up Atlantic Ocean in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ...	19th century 1815           Ascension Island2 1816           Tristan da Cunha2 1833           Falkland Islands Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Motto: Our faith is our strength Anthem: God Save the Queen Capital Edinburgh of the Seven Seas Status Dependency of Saint Helena Official language(s) English Governor Michael Clancy Administrator Mike Hentley Area 201 km² Population ~280 Currency Saint Helenian pound (SHP) at parity with the UK Pound Sterling (GBP...	20th century 1908           British Antarctic Territory3 1908           South Georgia and                     the South Sandwich Islands3 (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... Flag of the British Antarctic Territory The British Antarctic Territory is the British claim to land and islands in Antarctica, and is the oldest territorial claim on the continent. ... Motto: Leo Terram Propriam Protegat (Latin: Let the Lion protect his own land or May the Lion protect his own land) Official language English Capital Grytviken Commissioner Alan Huckle Area  - Total  - % water not ranked 3,903 km² - Population  - Total (2006 E)  - Density not ranked ~20 n/a; Currency GBP Time...
2 Dependencies of St. Helena since 1922 (Ascension Island) and 1938 (Tristan da Cunha). 3 Both claimed in 1908; territories formed in 1962 (British Antarctic Territory) and 1985 (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands).