 Roman conquest of Asia minor The Roman province of Asia was an administrative unit added to the late Republic. It was a Senatorial province governed by a proconsul. The arrangement was unchanged in the reorganization of the Roman Empire in 211. Asia may refer to: Geography: Asia is the central and eastern part of Eurasia. ...
Download high resolution version (1055x1772, 336 KB)Asia Minor - Growth of Roman Power (337K) The Growth of Roman Power in Asia Minor. ...
Download high resolution version (1055x1772, 336 KB)Asia Minor - Growth of Roman Power (337K) The Growth of Roman Power in Asia Minor. ...
This article refers to the state which existed from the 6th century BC to the 1st century BC. For alternate meanings, see Roman Republic (18th century) and Roman Republic (19th century). ...
A senatorial province was a Roman province where the Roman Senate had the right to appoint governors. ...
For the Miocene ape, see Proconsul (genus) Under the Roman Empire a proconsul was a promagistrate filling the office of a consul. ...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the year 211. ...
Geography Asia province originally consisted of Mysia, the Troad, Aeolis, Lydia, Ionia, Caria, and the land corridor through Pisidia to Pamphylia. Part of Phrygia was given to Mithridates V Euergetes before it was reclaimed as part of the province in 116 BC. Lycaonia was added before 100 BC while the area around Cibyra was added in 82 BC. The southeast region of Asia province was later reassigned to the province of Cilicia. During the empire, Asia province was bounded by Bithynia to the north, Lycia to the south, and Galatia to the east.[1] Mysia. ...
Map of the Troas The Troas (Troad) is an ancient region in the northwestern part of Anatolia, bounded by the Hellespont to the northwest, the Aegean Sea to the west, and separated from the rest of Anatolia by the massif that forms Mount Ida. ...
Alternative meaning: the Aeolis region of Mars. ...
Lydia (Greek ) is a historic region of western Anatolia, congruent with Turkeys modern provinces of Ä°zmir and Manisa. ...
Location of Ionia Ionia (Greek Ιωνία; see also list of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (in present-day Turkey, the region nearest İzmir,) on the Aegean Sea. ...
Location of Caria Photo of a 15th century map showing Caria. ...
Pisidia was an inland region in southern Anatolia. ...
Pamphylia, in ancient geography, was the region in the south of Asia Minor, between Lycia and Cilicia, extending from the Mediterranean to Mount Taurus. ...
In antiquity, Phrygia (Greek: ) was a kingdom in the west central part of the Anatolia. ...
Mithridates V Euergetes (in Greek MιθÏιδάτης EυεÏγÎτης; reigned ca. ...
In ancient geography, Lycaonia was a large region in the interior of Asia Minor, north of Mount Taurus. ...
Cibyra is a genus of moths of the family Hepalidae. ...
The Kingdom of Cilician Armenia, 1199-1375. ...
Bithynia was an ancient region, kingdom and Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor, adjoining the Propontis, the Thracian Bosporus and the Euxine (today Black Sea). ...
Lycian rock cut tombs of Dalyan Lycian rock cut tombs of Dalyan Lycia (in Lycian, Trm̃misa (see List of Lycian place names); in ancient Greek, Λυκία and in modern Turkish, Likya) is a region in the modern-day provinces of Antalya and Muğla on the southern coast of Turkey. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Background Antiochus III the Great had to give up Asia when the Romans crushed his army at the historic battle of Magnesia, in 190 BC. After the Treaty of Apamea (188 BC), the entire territory was surrendered to Rome and placed under the control of a client king at Pergamum. Silver coin of Antiochus III. The reverse shows Apollo seated on an omphalos. ...
Combatants Roman Republic Seleucid Empire Commanders Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus Scipio Africanus Eumenes II of Pergamum Antiochus III the Great Strength 50. ...
Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC - 190s BC - 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC Years: 195 BC 194 BC 193 BC 192 BC 191 BC - 190 BC - 189 BC 188 BC...
The Treaty of Apamea of 188 BC, between the Roman Republic and Antiochus III (the Great) had to give Romans control over the west side of Anatolia and placed under the control of a client king at Pergamum. ...
Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC - 180s BC - 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC Years: 193 BC 192 BC 191 BC 190 BC 189 BC - 188 BC - 187 BC 186 BC...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Satellite state. ...
View of the reconstructed Temple of Trajan at Pergamon Sketched reconstruction of ancient Pergamon Pergamon or Pergamum (Greek: Î ÎÏγαμος, modern day Bergama in Turkey, ) was an ancient Greek city, in Mysia, north-western Anatolia, 16 miles from the Aegean Sea, located on a promontory on the north side of the river...
With no apparent heir, Attalus III of Pergamum having been a close ally of Rome, chose to bequeath his kingdom to Rome. Upon Attalus’s passing in 133 BC, Manius Aquillius formally established the region as Asia province.[2] The bequest of the Attalid kingdom to Rome presented serious implications for neighboring territories. It was during this period of time that Pontus rose in status under the rule of Mithridates VI. He would prove to be a formidable foe to Rome’s success in Asia province and beyond.[3] Attalus III was the last Attalid king of Pergamon, ruling from 138 BC to 133 BC. He succeeded Attalus II, although their relationship, if any, is unknown. ...
Pergamon or Pergamum (modern day Bergama in Turkey) was a Greek city, in northwestern Anatolia, 16 miles from the Aegean Sea, located on a promontory on the north side of the river Caicus (modern day Bakir), that became an important kingdom during the Hellenistic period, under the Attalid dynasty, 282...
Manius Aquillius, member of the ancient Roman gens Aquillia, was Consul in 129 BC. He put an end to the war which had been carried on against Aristonicus, the son of Eumenes II king of Pergamon, and which had been almost terminated by his predecessor, Marcus Perperna. ...
Traditional rural Pontic house A man in traditional clothes from Trabzon, illustration Pontus is the name which was applied, in ancient times, to extensive tracts of country in the northeast of Asia Minor (modern Turkey) bordering on the Euxine (Black Sea), which was often called simply Pontos (the main), by...
Mithridates VI of Pontus, (132 BC- 63 BC), called Eupator Dionysius, was the king of Pontus in Asia Minor and one of Romes most formidable and successful enemies. ...
Apathy and Exploitation Rome had always been very reluctant to involve itself in matters to the east. It typically relied on allies to arbitrate in the case of a conflict. Very rarely would Rome send delegations to the east much less have a strong governmental presence. This apathy did not change much even after the gift from Attalus in 133 BC. In fact, much of the Pergamene kingdom was voluntarily relinquished to different nations. For example, Great Phrygia was given to Mithridates V of Pontus.[4] Mithridates V Euergetes (in Greek MιθÏιδατης EυεÏγετης; reigned c. ...
While the senate was hesitant in involving itself in Asian affairs, others had no such reluctance. A law passed by Gaius Gracchus in 123 BC gave the right to collect taxes in Asia to members of the equestrian order. The privilege of collecting taxes was almost certainly exploited by individuals from the Republic. In case a community was unable to pay taxes, they borrowed from Roman lenders but at exorbitant rates. This more often than not resulted in default on said loans and consequently led Roman lenders to seize the borrower’s land, their last remaining asset of value. In this way and by outright purchase, Romans dispersed throughout Asia province.[5] Gaius Gracchus (Latin: C·SEMPRONIVS·TI·F·P·N·GRACCVS) (154 BC-121 BC) was a Roman politician of the 2nd century BC. He was the younger brother of Tiberius Gracchus and, like him, pursued a popular political agenda that ultimately ended in his death. ...
An equestrian (Latin eques, plural equites - also known as a vir egregius, lit. ...
Mithridates and Sulla By 88 BC, Mithridates VI of Pontus had conquered virtually all of Asia. Capitalizing on the hatred of corrupt Roman practices, Mithridates instigated a mass revolt against Rome, ordering the slaughter of all Romans and Italians in the province.[6] Casualty numbers ranged from 80,000 all the way up to 150,000. Three years later, Lucius Cornelius Sulla defeats Mithridates in the First Mithridatic War and in 85 BC reorganizes the province into eleven assize districts, each central to a number of smaller, subordinate cities. These assize centers included Ephesus, Pergamum - the old Attalid capital, Smyrna, Adramyttium, Cyzicus, Synnada, Apamea, Miletus, and Halicarnassus. The first three cities - Ephesus, Pergamum, and Smyrna - competed to be the dominant state in Asia province.[7] Inter-city rivalry greatly inhibited any sort of progress towards provincial unity. A silver coin depicting Mithradates VI of Pontus. ...
Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (Latin: L•CORNELIVS•L•F•P•N•SVLLA•FELIX)[1] (ca. ...
The First Mithridatic War was fought between the Roman Republic and Mithridates VI Eupator Dionysius, the king of Pontus. ...
For the town in the southern United States, see Ephesus, Georgia. ...
Smyrna (Greek: ΣμÏÏνη) is an ancient city (today Ä°zmir in Turkey) that was founded at a very early period at a central and strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia. ...
Edremit is a Turkish city on the west coast of Asia Minor, not far from the Greek island Lesbos. ...
Cyzicus was an ancient town of Mysia in Asia Minor, situated on the shoreward side of the present peninsula of Kapu-Dagh (Arctonnesus), which is said to have been originally an island in the Sea of Marmara, and to have been artificially connected with the mainland in historic times. ...
Synnada is a Roman Catholic Titular metropolis in Phrygia Salutaris. ...
Apamea is located on the right bank of the Orontes River, about 55 km to the northwest of Hama, Syria, overlooking the Ghab valley. ...
The lower half of the benches and the remnants of the scene building of the theater of Miletus (August 2005) Miletus (Carian: Anactoria Hittite: Milawata or Millawanda, Greek: Μίλητος transliterated Miletos, Turkish: Milet) was an ancient city on the western coast of Anatolia (in what is now Aydin Province, Turkey), near...
Halicarnassus (Ancient Greek: ; Turkish: , modern Bodrum) was an ancient Greek city on the southwest coast of Caria, Anatolia (Asia Minor), on a picturesque, advantageous site on the Ceramic Gulf (Gulf of Kos, Gulf of Gökova). ...
Military presence Other than to quell occasional revolts, there was minimal military presence in Asia province until forces led by Sulla set forth in their campaign against Mithridates VI. In fact, Asia province was unique in that it was one of the few ungarrisoned provinces of the empire. While no full legions were ever stationed inside the province, that is not to say that there was no military presence whatsoever. Legionary detachments were present in the Phrygian cities of Apamea and Amorium. Auxiliary cohorts were stationed in Phrygian Eumeneia while smaller groups of soldiers regularly patrolled the mountainous regions. High military presence in rural regions around 3rd century AD caused great civil unrest in the province.[8] Apamea is located on the right bank of the Orontes River, about 55 km to the northwest of Hama, Syria, overlooking the Ghab valley. ...
Amorium Höyük (mound) as seen from the minaret of the village of Hisarköy The site John Kallos, Bishop of Amorion Amorium, is an ancient city in Turkey that dates back at least to the Hellenistic Period in Anatolia and that had acquired particular historical significance, in several...
// Overview Events 212: Constitutio Antoniniana grants citizenship to all free Roman men 212-216: Baths of Caracalla 230-232: Sassanid dynasty of Persia launches a war to reconquer lost lands in the Roman east 235-284: Crisis of the Third Century shakes Roman Empire 250-538: Kofun era, the first...
Augustus After Augustus came to power, he established a proconsulship for the province of Asia, embracing the regions of Mysia, Lydia, Caria, and Phrygia. The proconsul spent much of his year long term traveling throughout the province hearing cases and conducting other judicial business at each of the assize centers.[9] Rome’s transition from the Republic to the early empire saw an important change in the role of existing provincial cities, going from autonomous city states to administrative centers. The beginning of the principate of Augustus also signaled the rise of new cities in Mysia, Lydia and Phrygia. The province grew to be an elaborate system of self governing cities, each responsible for its own economics, taxes, and law in their territory. The reign of Augustus further signaled the start of urbanization of Asia province as public building became the defining characteristic of a city.[10] Mysia. ...
Lydia (Greek ) is a historic region of western Anatolia, congruent with Turkeys modern provinces of Ä°zmir and Manisa. ...
Location of Caria Photo of a 15th century map showing Caria. ...
In antiquity, Phrygia (Greek: ) was a kingdom in the west central part of the Anatolia. ...
For other persons named Octavian, see Octavian (disambiguation). ...
Emperor Worship Emperor worship was prevalent in provincial communities during the Roman empire. Soon after Augustus came to power, temples erected in his honor sprang up across Asia province. The establishment of provincial centers of emperor worship further spawned local cults. These sites served as models followed by other provinces throughout the empire.[11] Emperor worship served as a way for subjects of Asia province to come to terms with imperial rule within the framework of their communities. Religious practices were very much a public affair and involved citizens in all its aspects including prayer, sacrifice, and processions. Rituals held in honor of a particular emperor frequently outnumbered those of other gods. No other cult matched the imperial cult in terms of dispersion and commonality.[12] An Imperial cult is a cult in which an Emperor, or a dynasty of emperors, are worshipped as demigods or deities. ...
Decline The 3rd century AD marked a serious decline in Asia province stemming in part from epidemic disease, the indiscipline of local soldiers and also the diminishing instances of voluntary civic generosity. The Gothic invasions of the 250s and 260s contributed to failing feelings of security. Furthermore, as political and strategic emphasis shifted away from Asia province, it lost much of its former prominence. // Overview Events 212: Constitutio Antoniniana grants citizenship to all free Roman men 212-216: Baths of Caracalla 230-232: Sassanid dynasty of Persia launches a war to reconquer lost lands in the Roman east 235-284: Crisis of the Third Century shakes Roman Empire 250-538: Kofun era, the first...
Centuries: 2nd century - 3rd century - 4th century Decades: 200s - 210s - 220s - 230s - 240s - 250s - 260s - 270s - 280s - 290s - 300s Years: 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 Events Crisis of the Third Century End of Yayoi era and beginning of Kofun period, the first part of the...
Centuries: 2nd century - 3rd century - 4th century Decades: 210s - 220s - 230s - 240s - 250s - 260s - 270s - 280s - 290s - 300s - 310s Years: 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 Events Crisis of the Third Century Significant people Gallienus, Roman Emperor Claudius II, Roman Emperor Categories: 260s ...
In the 4th century, Diocletian divided Asia province into seven smaller provinces. As a direct consequence, many cities towards the interior of the province declined to the point where they were indistinguishable from common villages. On the other hand, leading cities from the early empire including Ephesus, Sardis, and Aphrodisias retained much of their former glory and came to serve as the new provincial capitals.[13] Asia remained a center of Roman and Hellenistic culture in the east for centuries. The territory remained part of the Byzantine Empire until the 15th century. As a means of recording the passage of time, the 4th century was that century which lasted from 301 to 400. ...
Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus (c. ...
A recent view of the ceremonial court of the thermae–gymnasium complex in Sardis, dated to 211—212 AD Sardis, also Sardes (Lydian: Sfard, Greek: ΣάÏδεις, Persian: Sparda), modern Sart in the Manisa province of Turkey, was the capital of the ancient kingdom of Lydia, the seat of a proconsul under...
The tetrapylon (monumental gate) Aphrodisias was a town in Caria, now part of modern Turkey, about 230 km (142. ...
The term Hellenistic (established by the German historian Johann Gustav Droysen) in the history of the ancient world is used to refer to the shift from a culture dominated by ethnic Greeks, however scattered geographically, to a culture dominated by Greek-speakers of whatever ethnicity, and from the political dominance...
Byzantine redirects here. ...
(14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ...
References - ^ “Asia, Roman province.” The Oxford Classical Dictionary. 3rd ed. 1996: p. 189-90
- ^ The Oxford Classical Dictionary. p. 189-90
- ^ Mitchell, Stephen. Anatolia. Volume 1. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. p. 29
- ^ Anatolia. p. 29
- ^ Anatolia p. 30
- ^ Appian’s History of Rome: The Mithridatic Wars [1]
- ^ The Oxford Classical Dictionary. p. 189-90
- ^ Anatolia p. 121
- ^ The Oxford Classical Dictionary. p. 189-90
- ^ Anatolia p. 198
- ^ Anatolia p. 100
- ^ Anatolia p. 112
- ^ The Oxford Classical Dictionary. p. 189-90
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