Asian Elephant[1]
Conservation status
Endangered (IUCN 2.3)[2]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Proboscidea Family: Elephantidae Genus: Elephas Species: E. maximus
Binomial name
Elephas maximus Linnaeus, 1758
Asian Elephant range

The Asian or Asiatic Elephant (Elephas maximus), sometimes known by the name of one of its subspecies – the Indian Elephant, is one of the three living species of elephant, and the only living species of the genus Elephas. It is the largest living land animal in Asia. The species is found primarily in large parts of Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Indochina and parts of Indonesia. It is considered endangered, with between 25,600 and 32,750 left in the wild.^[3] Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1067x1600, 845 KB) Asian Elephant, Melbourne Zoo If you are a (commercial) publisher and you want me to write you an email or paper mail giving you an authorization to use my works in your products or a license with the... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 769 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (803 × 626 pixel, file size: 243 KB, MIME type: image/png) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species remaining extant either in the present day or the near future. ... Image File history File links Status_iucn2. ... The Siberian Tiger is a subspecies of tiger that are critically endangered. ... The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... Scientific classification redirects here. ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria For the folk-rock band see The Mammals. ... Groups Jozaria (extinct) Anthracobunidae (extinct) Moeritheriidae (extinct) Euproboscidea Numidotheriidae (extinct) Barytheriidae (extinct) Deinotheriidae (extinct) Elephantiformes Phiomiidae (extinct) Palaeomastodontidae (extinct) Hemimastodontidae (extinct) Euelephantoidea Choerolophodontidae (extinct) Amebelodontidae (extinct) Gnathabelodontidae (extinct) Gomphotheriidae (extinct) Elephantidae Mammutidae (extinct) Proboscidea is an order containing only one family of living animals, Elephantidae, the elephants, with three species... Genera and Species Loxodonta Loxodonta cyclotis Loxodonta africana Elephas Elephas maximus Proboscidea is an order including only one extant family, Elephantidae or the elephants, with three species: the Savannah Elephant and Forest Elephant (which were collectively known as the African Elephant), and the Asian Elephant (formerly known as the Indian... Species †E. antiquus † † † † †E. falconeri † E. maximus † † †E. recki †E. namadicus Elephas is a genus in the elephant Order, Proboscidea The genus has one surviving species, the Asian elephant (), but ten extinct species have been identified as belonging to the genus, including E. recki, E. antiquus, and the dwarf elephants... Latin name redirects here. ... Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 13, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ... Image File history File links Elphas_maximus_range. ... Trinomial name Elephas maximus indicus Cuvier, 1798 The Indian Elephant, Elephas maximus indicus, is one of three subspecies of the Asian elephant, the largest population of which is found in India. ... For other uses, see Species (disambiguation). ... Genera and Species Loxodonta Loxodonta cyclotis Loxodonta africana Elephas Elephas maximus Elephas antiquus † Elephas beyeri † Elephas celebensis † Elephas cypriotes † Elephas ekorensis † Elephas falconeri † Elephas iolensis † Elephas planifrons † Elephas platycephalus † Elephas recki † Stegodon † Mammuthus † Elephantidae (the elephants) is a family of pachyderm, and the only remaining family in the order Proboscidea... Species †E. antiquus † † † † †E. falconeri † E. maximus † † †E. recki †E. namadicus Elephas is a genus in the elephant Order, Proboscidea The genus has one surviving species, the Asian elephant (), but ten extinct species have been identified as belonging to the genus, including E. recki, E. antiquus, and the dwarf elephants... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... Indochina 1886 Indochina, or the Indochinese Peninsula, is a region in Southeast Asia. ... The Siberian Tiger is a subspecies of tiger that are critically endangered. ...

This animal is widely domesticated, and has been used in forestry in South and Southeast Asia for centuries and also in ceremonial purposes. Historical sources indicate that they were sometimes used during the harvest season primarily for milling. Wild elephants attract tourist money to the areas where they can most readily be seen, but damage crops, and may enter villages to raid gardens. Dogs and sheep were among the first animals to be domesticated. ... A decidous beech forest in Slovenia. ... Map of South Asia (see note on Kashmir). ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Part of the ceremony of the Changing of the Guard in Whitehall, London. ... Tourist redirects here. ... For other uses, see crop (disambiguation). ...

Description

The Asian elephant is smaller than its African relatives; the easiest way to distinguish the two is that the Asian elephant has smaller ears. The Asian Elephant tends to grow to around two to four meters (7–12 feet) in height and 3,000–5,000 kilograms (6,500–11,000 pounds) in weight. Distribution of Loxodonta africana (2007) Species Loxodonta adaurora (extinct) Loxodonta africana Loxodonta cyclotis African elephants are the two species of elephants in the genus Loxodonta, one of the two existing genera in Elephantidae. ... For other uses, see Ear (disambiguation). ... This article is about the unit of length. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... Kg redirects here. ... Look up pound in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

The Asian Elephant has other differences from its African relatives, including a more arched back than the African, one semi-prehensile "finger" at the tip of its trunk as opposed to two, four nails on each hind foot instead of three, and 19 pairs of ribs instead of 21. Also, unlike the African elephant, the female Asian Elephant usually lacks tusks; if tusks — in that case called "tushes" — are present, they are barely visible, and only seen when the female opens her mouth. The enamel plates of the molars are greater in number and closer together in Asian elephants. ^[4] Some males may also lack tusks; these individuals are called "makhnas", and are especially common among the Sri Lankan elephant population. Furthermore, the forehead has two hemispherical bulges, unlike the flat front of the African elephant. Unlike African elephants which rarely use their forefeet for anything other than digging or scrapig soil, Asian elephants are more agile at using their feet in conjunction with the trunk for manipulating objects.^[4] For other uses, see Tusk (disambiguation). ... Tooth enamel is the hardest and most highly mineralized substance of the body,[1] and with dentin, cementum, and dental pulp is one of the four major tissues which make up the tooth. ... A molar is the fourth kind of tooth in mammals. ...

Size

Caparisoned elephants during Sree Poornathrayesa temple festival, Kerala, south India.

The sizes of elephants in the wild have been exaggerated in the past. However, record elephants may have measured as high as 12 feet at the shoulder. Height is often estimated using the rule of thumb of twice the forefoot circumference.^[5] Sree Poornathrayesa temple is situated in Tripunithura, the capiatal of erstwhile cochin state. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: കേരളം; ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... The geographical south of India includes all Indian territory below the 20th parallel. ... A rule of thumb is an easily learned and easily applied procedure for approximately calculating or recalling some value, or for making some determination. ...

The height of the adult male does not exceed nine feet, and that of the female eight feet; but these dimensions are occasionally considerably exceeded. George P. Sanderson measured a male standing nine feet seven inches at the shoulder, and measuring twenty-six feet two and one-half inches from the tip of the trunk to the extremity of the tail; and he records others respectively reaching nine feet eight inches and nine feet ten inches at the shoulder. An elephant shot by General Kinloch stood upward of ten feet one inch; and another measured by Sanderson ten feet seven and one-half inches. These dimensions are, however, exceeded by a specimen killed by the late Sir Victor Brooke, which is reported to have reached a height of eleven feet: and there is a rumor of a Ceylon elephant of twelve feet. That such giants may occasionally exist is indicated by a skeleton in the Museum at Calcutta, which is believed to have belonged to an individual living between 1856 and 1860 in the neighborhood of the Rajamahal hills, in Bengal. As now mounted this enormous skeleton stands eleven feet three inches at the shoulders, but Mr. O. S. Fraser, in a letter to the Asian newspaper, states that it is made to stand too low, and that its true height was several inches more. If this be so, there can be no doubt that, when alive, this elephant must have stood fully twelve feet. George Peress Sanderson Born in India in 1848 to Rev. ...

—Lydekker, 1894 ^[5]

A record tusk described by George P. Sanderson measured five feet along the curve, with a girth of sixteen inches at the point of emergence from the jaw, the weight being one hundred and four and one-half pounds. This was from an elephant killed by Sir V. Brooke and measured eight feet in length, and nearly seventeen inches in circumference, and weighed ninety pounds. This tusk's weight is, however, exceeded by [the weight of] a shorter tusk of about six feet in length which weighed one hundred pounds.^[5] The heaviest wild male recorded was shot by the Maharajah of Susang in the Garo Hills of Assam, India in 1924, and was 8 tonnes (8.8 short tons), 3.35 m (11.1 ft) tall and 8.06 m (26.6 ft) long.^[6] 1. ... , Assam  ) (Assamese: অসম Ôxôm [É”xÉ”m]) is a northeastern state of India with its capital at Dispur, a suburb of the city Guwahati. ...

Asian elephants, such as this pair at the Oregon Zoo, are highly social animals that form close bonds between individuals

The Oregon Zoo, formerly the Washington Park Zoo, is a zoo 2 miles WSW of downtown Portland, Oregon in Portlands Washington Park. ...

Behaviour

In the wild, elephant herds follow well-defined seasonal migration routes. These are made around the monsoon seasons, often between the wet and dry zones, and it is the task of the eldest elephant to remember and follow the traditional migration routes. When human farms are founded along these old routes there is often considerable damage done to crops, and it is common for elephants to be killed in the ensuing conflicts. For other uses, see Monsoon (disambiguation). ...

Elephants life spans have been exaggerated in the past and live on average for 60 years in the wild and 80 in captivity.^[7] They eat 10% of their body weight each day, which for adults is between 170-200 kilograms of food per day. They need 80–200 litres of water a day, and use more for bathing. They sometimes scrape the soil for minerals. Life span is one of the most important parameters of any living organism. ... Minerals are natural compounds formed through geological processes. ...

Elephants use infrasound to communicate; this was first noted by the Indian naturalist M. Krishnan and later studied by Katherine Payne.^[8] Infrasound is sound with a frequency too low to be detected by the human ear. ... Pioneering Indian Wildlife Photographer and Naturalist. ...

A herd of wild Indian elephants in the Jim Corbett National Park, India

Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 571 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,181 × 843 pixels, file size: 164 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Other versions Image:Indianelephantherd. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 571 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,181 × 843 pixels, file size: 164 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Other versions Image:Indianelephantherd. ... Trinomial name Elephas maximus indicus Cuvier, 1798 The other three subspecies of the Asian Elephant are the Sumatran Elephant (), Sri Lankan Elephant ()[1] and Borneo Elephant (). // Indian Elephants live in or near scrub-forested areas, although their habitat may vary. ... A herd of Indian wild elephants at Corbett National Park. ...

Female behavior

Female elephants live in small groups. They have a matriarchal society, and the group is led by the oldest female. The herd consists of relatives. An individual reaches sexual maturity at 9-15 years of age. The gestation period is 18–22 months, and the female gives birth to one calf, or occasionally twins. The calf is fully developed by the 19th month but stays in the womb to grow so that it can reach its mother to feed. At birth, the calf weighs about 100 kg (220 lb), and is suckled for up to 2–3 years. Females stay on with the herd, but mature males are chased away. A matriarchy is a tradition (and by extension a form of government) in which community power lies with the eldest mother of a community. ... Sexual maturity is the age/stage when an organism can reproduce. ... The Gestation period in a viviparous animal refers to the length of its pregnancy. ... For the anatomical feature, see calf muscle. ... For other uses, see Twin (disambiguation). ... This article is about female reproductive anatomy. ... Kittens nursing Lactation describes the secretion of milk from the mammary glands, the process of providing that milk to the young, and the period of time that a mother lactates to feed her young. ...

Females produce sex pheromones; a principal component thereof, (Z)-7-dodecen-1-yl acetate, has also been found to be a sex pheromone in numerous species of insects.^[9][10]

Male behavior

Bull elephants are usually solitary, and fight over females during the breeding season. Younger bulls may form small groups. Males reach sexual maturity during their 15th year, after which they annually enter "musth". This is a period where the testosterone level is high (up to 60 times greater) and they become extremely aggressive. Secretions containing pheromones occur during this period, from the temporal glands on the forehead. Reproduction is the creation of one thing as a copy of, product of, or replacement for a similar thing, e. ... Musth is a periodic condition in bull elephants, characterized by a thick, tar-like secretion from the temporal ducts and, far more notably, by highly aggressive behaviour. ... Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group. ... Fanning honeybee exposes Nasonov gland (white-at tip of abdomen) releasing pheromone to entice swarm into an empty hive A pheromone is any chemical produced by a living organism that transmits a message to other members of the same species. ...

Danger

Mahouts washing an elephant, Thrissur, Kerala

At most seasons of the year the Indian elephant is a timid animal, much more ready to flee from a foe than to make an attack. Solitary rogues are, however, frequently an exception to this rule, and sometimes make unprovoked attacks on passers-by. Rogue elephant sometimes take up a position near a road, and make it impassable to travellers. Females with calves are at all times dangerous to approach. Contrary to what is stated to be the case with the African species, when an Indian elephant makes a charge, it does so with its trunk tightly curled up, and it makes its attack by trampling its victim with its feet or knees, or, if a male, by pinning it to the ground with its tusks. During musth the male elephant is highly dangerous, not only to human beings, but to its fellow animals. At the first indications of this, domestic elephants are secured tightly to prevent any mishaps;^[5] xylazine is also used. A mahout is a person who drives an elephant. ... , For the district with the same name, see Thrissur district. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: കേരളം; ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... Rogue Elephant is a term for a lone, violently aggressive wild elephant, separated from the rest of the herd. ... Xylazine is a drug that is used for sedation, anesthesia, muscle relaxation, and analgesia. ...

Elephants in Kerala are trained not to move when Valiya kol (long pole) is kept on him.

While elephant charges are often displays of aggression that do not go beyond threats, some elephants, such as rogues, may actually attack. , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: കേരളം; ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ...

In regard to movement on land, Mr. Sanderson says that "the only pace of the elephant is the walk, capable of being increased to a fast shuffle of about fifteen miles an hour for very short distances. It can neither trot, canter, nor gallop. It does not move with the legs on the same side together, but nearly so. A very good runner might keep out of an elephant's way on a smooth piece of turf, but on the ground in which they are generally met with, any attempt to escape by flight, unless supplemented by concealment, would be unavailing."
When an elephant does charge, it requires all the coolness and presence of mind of the sportsman to avoid a catastrophe- "A grander animated object," writes Mr. Sanderson, "than a wild elephant in full charge can hardly be imagined. The cocked ears and broad forehead present an immense frontage; the head is held high, with the trunk curled between the tusks, to be uncoiled in the moment of attack; the massive fore-legs come down with the force and regularity of ponderous machinery; and the whole figure is rapidly foreshortened, and appears to double in size with each advancing stride. The trunk being curled and unable to emit any sound, the attack is made in silence, after the usual premonitory shriek, which adds to its impressiveness. The usual pictorial representations of the Indian elephant charging with upraised trunk are accordingly quite incorrect."^[5] George Peress Sanderson Born in India in 1848 to Rev. ...

Captivity

At this elephant training camp, captive elephants are taught to handle logs.

Elephants have been captured from the wild and tamed for use by humans. Their ability to work under instruction makes them particularly useful for carrying heavy objects. They have been used particularly for timber-carrying in jungle areas. Other than their work use, they have been used in war, in ceremonies, and for carriage. They have been used for their ability to travel over difficult terrain by hunters, for whom they served as mobile hunting platforms. The same purpose is met in safaris in modern times. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 536 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,642 × 1,100 pixels, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 536 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,642 × 1,100 pixels, file size: 1. ... Captive was one of the first computer sci-fi RPGs released by Mindscape in 1990. ...

The first historical record of domestication of Asian elephants was in Harappan times. Ultimately the elephant went on to become a siege engine, a mount in war, a status symbol, a work animal, and an elevated platform for hunting during historical times in South Asia.^[11] Map of South Asia (see note on Kashmir). ...

The elephant plays an important part in the culture of the subcontinent and beyond, featuring prominently in Jataka tales and the Panchatantra. It plays a major role in Hinduism: the god Ganesha's head is that of an elephant, and the "blessings" of a temple elephant are highly valued. Elephants have been used in processions in Kerala where the animals are adorned with festive outfits. They were also used by almost all armies in India as war elephants, terrifying opponents unused to the massive beast. The Jataka stories are a significant body of works about the previous lives of Gautama Buddha. ... The Panchatantra [1][2][3] (also spelled Pañcatantra, in Sanskrit: पञ्चतन्त्र, Five Principles) or Kalīleh o Demneh (in Persian: ) or Anvār-e Soheylī [4][5][6] (in Persian: , The Lights of Canopus) or Kalilag and Damnag[7] (in Syriac) or Kalīlah wa Dimnah[8] (in Arabic: كليلة و دمنة, Kalilah... Hinduism is a religious tradition[1] that originated in the Indian subcontinent. ... For other uses, see Ganesha (disambiguation). ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: കേരളം; ) is a state on the tropical Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... The elephants thick hide protects it from injury. ...

Subspecies

An elephant named Sri Hari during Sree Poornathrayesa temple festival, Thrippunithura.

The Borneo elephant is smaller with relatively larger ears, a longer tail, and straighter tusks. It is also smaller than other subspecies of the Asian elephant.

Elephas maximus is the only surviving species in the Elephas genus, although several extinct fossil species of Elephas are known. Sree Poornathrayesa temple is situated in Tripunithura, the capiatal of erstwhile cochin state. ... Thrippunithura is a satellite town south-east of Ernakulam Cochin City of Kerala state in south India. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Borneo-elephant-PLoS_Biology. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Borneo-elephant-PLoS_Biology. ... Species †E. antiquus † † † † †E. falconeri † E. maximus † † †E. recki †E. namadicus Elephas is a genus in the elephant Order, Proboscidea The genus has one surviving species, the Asian elephant (), but ten extinct species have been identified as belonging to the genus, including E. recki, E. antiquus, and the dwarf elephants...

There are four subspecies of the Asian elephant:

• Indian Elephant (E. m. indicus)
• Sri Lankan Elephant (E. m. maximus)
• Sumatran Elephant (E. m. sumatrensis)
• Borneo Elephant (E. m. borneensis)

The population in Vietnam and Laos is undergoing tests to determine if it is a fifth subspecies. Trinomial name Elephas maximus indicus Cuvier, 1798 The Indian Elephant, Elephas maximus indicus, is one of three subspecies of the Asian elephant, the largest population of which is found in India. ... The Sri Lankan Elephant is from all appearances identical to the Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) except in one respect – its size. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Trinomial name Elephas maximus borneensis Deraniyagala, 1950 The Borneo Elephant or Borneo Pygmy Elephant Elephas maximus borneensis is a subspecies of the Asian Elephant and found in north Borneo (east Sabah and extreme north Kalimantan). ...

E. m. indicus survives in separate ranges in southern India, the Himalayan foothills, and northwest India; it is also found in southern China, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia and the Malaysian peninsula. Most males of this subspecies have tusks.
E. m. maximus is only found in Sri Lanka. It has a larger skull relative to body size, and commonly has a decolourised area of skin on the forehead and the front of the upper trunk. It is rare to find even males with tusks. Males can reach a height of 3.5 metres at the shoulder.
E. m. sumatrensis is only found in Sumatra, Indonesia. It is the second smallest subspecies, between 1.7 to 2.6 metres at the shoulder. It is sometimes called the pocket elephant because of its size.
E. m. borneensis is found in north Borneo (east Sabah and extreme north Kalimantan). It is smaller than all the other subspecies. It has larger ears, a longer tail, and straighter tusks. Genetic tests found that its ancestors separated from the mainland population about 300,000 years ago.^[12] Perspective view of the Himalaya and Mount Everest as seen from space looking south-south-east from over the Tibetan Plateau. ... For other uses, see Sumatra (disambiguation). ... Φ Borneo is the third largest island in the world and is located at the centre of Maritime Southeast Asia. ...

In addition, two extinct subspecies are considered by some authorities to have existed: In biology and ecology, extinction is the ceasing of existence of a species or group of species. ...

• The Chinese population is sometimes separated as E. m. rubridens (pink-tusked elephant); it disappeared after the 14th century BC.
• The Syrian Elephant (E. m. asurus), the westernmost and one of the largest subspecies of the Asian Elephant, went extinct around 100 BC. This latter population, along with other Indian elephants, were considered the best war elephants in antiquity, and found superior to the smallish North African Elephant (Loxodonta africana pharaonensis) used by the armies of Carthage.

The Syrian elephant (Elephas maximus asurus) lived in Syria and Iran before becoming extinct by around 100 B.C. Syrian elephants were among the largest elephants, measuring 3. ... The elephants thick hide protects it from injury. ... Binomial name (Blumenbach, 1797) The African Bush Elephant (Loxodonta africana) is the larger of the two species of African elephants. ... For other uses, see Carthage (disambiguation). ...

See also

• Batyr (The Elephant)
• Elephants in Kerala culture

Asian Elephant — Batyr. ... The Elephants of Kerala are an integral part of the daily life in Kerala, south India. ...

References

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species and can be found here. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Elephas maximus

Wikispecies has information related to:

Elephas maximus

• Asian Elephants at the Zoological Gardens of the World
• National Zoo Facts on Asian Elephant and a Webcam of the Asian Elephant exhibit
• The Chaffee Zoo Asian Elephant Fact Sheet
• U.S. Fish & Wildlife Species Profile

Image File history File links Wikispecies-logo. ... Wikispecies is a wiki-based online project supported by the Wikimedia Foundation that aims to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species (including animalia, plantae, fungi, bacteria, archaea, and protista). ... Groups Jozaria (extinct) Anthracobunidae (extinct) Moeritheriidae (extinct) Euproboscidea Numidotheriidae (extinct) Barytheriidae (extinct) Deinotheriidae (extinct) Elephantiformes Phiomiidae (extinct) Palaeomastodontidae (extinct) Hemimastodontidae (extinct) Euelephantoidea Choerolophodontidae (extinct) Amebelodontidae (extinct) Gnathabelodontidae (extinct) Gomphotheriidae (extinct) Elephantidae Mammutidae (extinct) Proboscidea is an order containing only one family of living animals, Elephantidae, the elephants, with three species... Phyla Subkingdom Parazoa Porifera (sponges) Subkingdom Agnotozoa Placozoa Orthonectida Rhombozoa Subkingdom Metazoa Radiata Cnidaria Ctenophora - Comb jellies Bilateria Protostomia Acoelomorpha Platyhelminthes - Flatworms Nemertina - Ribbon worms Gastrotricha Gnathostomulida - Jawed worms Micrognathozoa Rotifera - Rotifers Acanthocephala Priapulida Kinorhyncha Loricifera Entoprocta Nematoda - Roundworms Nematomorpha - Horsehair worms Cycliophora Mollusca - Mollusks Sipuncula - Peanut worms Annelida - Segmented... Typical Classes Subphylum Urochordata - Tunicates Ascidiacea Thaliacea Larvacea Subphylum Cephalochordata - Lancelets Subphylum Myxini - Hagfishes Subphylum Vertebrata - Vertebrates Petromyzontida - Lampreys Placodermi (extinct) Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fishes Acanthodii (extinct) Actinopterygii - Ray-finned fishes Actinistia - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Amphibia - Amphibians Reptilia - Reptiles Aves - Birds Mammalia - Mammals Chordates (phylum Chordata) include the vertebrates, together with... Orders Subclass Monotremata Monotremata Subclass Marsupialia Didelphimorphia Paucituberculata Microbiotheria Dasyuromorphia Peramelemorphia Notoryctemorphia Diprotodontia Subclass Placentalia Xenarthra Dermoptera Desmostylia Scandentia Primates Rodentia Lagomorpha Insectivora Chiroptera Pholidota Carnivora Perissodactyla Artiodactyla Cetacea Afrosoricida Macroscelidea Tubulidentata Hyracoidea Proboscidea Sirenia The mammals are the class of vertebrate animals primarily characterized by the presence of mammary... Orders[1] Bobolestes Eomaia Maelestes Montanalestes Murtoilestes Prokennalestes Placentalia Superorder Xenarthra: Cingulata (Armadillos) Pilosa (Sloths, True Anteaters) Superorder Afrotheria: Afrosoricida (Tenrecs, etc. ... Orders See Below Afrotheria is a clade of mammals with the rank of superorder or cohort, containing (among others) the moles, shrews, aardvarks, hyraxes, elephants and manatees. ... Genera and Species Loxodonta Loxodonta cyclotis Loxodonta africana Elephas Elephas maximus Elephas antiquus † Elephas beyeri † Elephas celebensis † Elephas cypriotes † Elephas ekorensis † Elephas falconeri † Elephas iolensis † Elephas planifrons † Elephas platycephalus † Elephas recki † Stegodon † Mammuthus † Elephantidae (the elephants) is a family of pachyderm, and the only remaining family in the order Proboscidea... Distribution of Loxodonta africana (2007) Species Loxodonta adaurora (extinct) Loxodonta africana Loxodonta cyclotis African elephants are the two species of elephants in the genus Loxodonta, one of the two existing genera in Elephantidae. ... Binomial name (Blumenbach, 1797) The African Bush Elephant (Loxodonta africana) is the larger of the two species of African elephants. ... Binomial name Matschie, 1900 The green white orange African Forest Elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) was until recently considered a subspecies of the African Bush Elephant (Loxodonta africana); however, DNA testing has now shown that there possibly are three extant elephant species: the two African types, typically considered to be different populations... Species †E. antiquus † † † † †E. falconeri † E. maximus † † †E. recki †E. namadicus Elephas is a genus in the elephant Order, Proboscidea The genus has one surviving species, the Asian elephant (), but ten extinct species have been identified as belonging to the genus, including E. recki, E. antiquus, and the dwarf elephants...