NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Asian Tiger Mosquito

The Asian tiger mosquito or forest day mosquito (Aedes albopictus), from the mosquito family Culicidae, is characterized by its black and white striped legs, and small black and white body. It was native to Southeast Asia, but nowadays is present on all continents and occurs as far north as 49° latitude in Germany^[1]. They have been found in the southern USA since 1985^[2], in Italy since 1990^[1], and in Nigeria since 2002^{[verification needed]}^{[citation needed]}. By mid-2007, the species was present in New Zealand^[3], Eastern Canada^{[citation needed]}, and 12 European countries including Italy and Spain where it may already be an established resident^[4]. In Switzerland the species was first found in 2003, in southern Ticino canton; in November 2007 a record from Aargau confirmed that it had crossed the Alps^[5]. In September 2007, the first Asian tiger mosquito eggs were found in Germany, near Rastatt^[1]. It was also recently confirmed to have established itself in Australia^{[citation needed]}. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Subphyla and Classes Subphylum Trilobitomorpha Trilobita - trilobites (extinct) Subphylum Chelicerata Arachnida - spiders,scorpions, etc. ... Classes & Orders Class Insecta (insects) Class Entognatha The subphylum Hexapoda (from the Greek for six legs) constitutes the largest (in terms of number of species) grouping of arthropods and includes the insects as well as three much smaller groups of wingless arthropods: Collembola, Protura, and Diplura. ... Orders Subclass Apterygota Archaeognatha (bristletails) Thysanura (silverfish) Subclass Pterygota Infraclass Paleoptera (Probably paraphyletic) Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) Infraclass Neoptera Superorder Exopterygota Grylloblattodea (ice-crawlers) Mantophasmatodea (gladiators) Plecoptera (stoneflies) Embioptera (webspinners) Zoraptera (angel insects) Dermaptera (earwigs) Orthoptera (grasshoppers, etc) Phasmatodea (stick insects) Blattodea (cockroaches) Isoptera (termites) Mantodea (mantids) Psocoptera... Orders Palaeodictyoptera - extinct Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) Infraclass Neoptera Blattodea (cockroaches) Mantodea (mantids) Isoptera (termites) Zoraptera Grylloblattodea (rock crawlers) Dermaptera (earwigs) Plecoptera (stoneflies) Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids) Phasmatodea (walking sticks, timemas) Embioptera (webspinners) Mantophasmatodea (gladiators) Superorder Hemipterodea Psocoptera (booklice, barklice) Phthiraptera (lice) Hemiptera (true bugs) Thysanoptera (thrips) Superorder... Orders Blattodea (cockroaches) Mantodea (mantids) Isoptera (termites) Zoraptera Grylloblattodea Dermaptera (earwigs) Plecoptera (stoneflies) Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids) Phasmatodea (walking sticks, timemas) Embioptera (webspinners) Mantophasmatodea (gladiators) Superorder Hemipterodea Psocoptera (booklice, barklice) Phthiraptera (lice) Hemiptera (true bugs) Thysanoptera (thrips) Superorder Endopterygota Miomoptera - extinct Megaloptera (alderflies, etc. ... Orders Coleoptera (beetles) Diptera (flies and relatives) Hymenoptera (wasps and relatives) Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) Mecoptera Megaloptera Miomoptera (extinct) Neuroptera Raphidioptera (snakeflies) Siphonaptera (fleas) Strepsiptera Trichoptera (caddisflies) The Endopterygota, also known as Holometabola, are insects of the subclass Pterygota which go through distinctive larval, pupal, and adult stages. ... Suborders Nematocera (includes Eudiptera) Brachycera Diptera (di - two, ptera - wings), or true flies, is the order of insects possessing only a single pair of wings on the mesothorax; the metathorax bears a pair of drumstick like structures called the halteres, the remnants of the hind wings. ... Infraorders Axymyiomorpha Culicomorpha Blephariceromorpha Bibionomorpha Psychodomorpha Ptychopteromorpha Tipulomorpha Nematocera are generally primitive flies, typically recognized by filamentous, multi-segmented antennae which may be plumose in some males. ... Superfamilies Culicoidea Chironomoidea See text for families. ... This article is about the insect; for the WWII aircraft see De Havilland Mosquito. ... Species Aedes albopictus Aedes aegypti This page is about the genus of mosquito, for the Roman building see aedes (Roman) Aedes is a genus of mosquito found in tropical and subtropical zones. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The hierarchy of scientific classification In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is a rank, or a taxon in that rank. ... This article is about the insect; for the WWII aircraft see De Havilland Mosquito. ... This article is about the color. ... This article is about the color. ... A stripe may be one of a pattern of areas created by a family of parallel lines, as on the flag of the United States, also known as the stars and stripes in a candy-stripe pattern, on a diagonal and twisted round a cylinder, as for a candy cane... Diagram of an insect leg A leg is the part of an animals body that supports the rest of the animal above the ground and is used for locomotion. ... With regard to living things, a body is the integral physical material of an individual. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Animated, colour-coded map showing the various continents. ... This article is about the geographical term. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956â€“present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic - President George W. Bush (R) - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... This article is about the year. ... This article is about the year. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... For other uses, see Species (disambiguation). ... Eastern Canada, defined politically. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... For the river, see Ticino river. ... Valais Ticino GraubÃ¼nden (Grisons) Geneva Vaud NeuchÃ¢tel Jura Berne Thurgau Zurich Aargau Lucerne Solothurn Basel-Land Schaffhausen Uri Schwyz Glarus St. ... For other uses, see Aargau (disambiguation). ... Alp redirects here. ... Map of Germany showing Rastatt Rastatt is a city in the District of Rastatt, Baden-WÃ¼rttemberg, Germany. ...

Description and ecology

Other mosquitoes in North America, such as Ochlerotatus canadensis, have a similar leg pattern. The typical Aedes albopictus individual has a length of about 2 to 10mm.^[6] As with other members of the mosquito family, the female is equipped with an elongated proboscis that she uses to collect blood to feed her eggs. The Asian tiger mosquito has a rapid bite that allows it to escape most attempts by people to swat it. By contrast the male member of the species primarily feeds on nectar. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 522 pixelsFull resolution (3000 Ã— 1956 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 522 pixelsFull resolution (3000 Ã— 1956 pixel, file size: 1. ... North American redirects here. ... In general, a proboscis (from Greek pro before and boskein to feed) is an elongated appendage from the head of an animal. ... For other uses, see Blood (disambiguation). ... In Greek mythology, nectar and ambrosia are the food of the gods. ...

The female lays her eggs near water; not directly into it as other mosquitoes do, but typically near a stagnant pool. However, any open container containing water will suffice for larvae development. Water stagnation occurs when water stops flowing. ...

Disease vector

Aedes albopictus is a vector for dengue fever in parts of Asia^[7] and chikungunya in Italy and Kerala^[8]. In epidemiology, a vector is an organism that does not cause disease itself but which spreads infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another. ... Dengue Fever redirects here. ... Chikungunya is a relatively rare form of viral fever caused by an alphavirus that is spread by mosquito bites from Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, though recent research by the Pasteur Institute in Paris claims the virus has suffered a mutation that enables it to be transmitted by Aedes albopictus (Tiger mosquito). ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: à´•àµ‡à´°à´³à´‚; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ...

Invasive species

This species is able to survive in a wide range of habitats and conditions, including cold mountainous areas. It is generally more aggressive than indigenous mosquitoes, and is outcompeting them. Asian tiger mosquitoes were first found in North America in a shipment of used tires at the port of Houston in 1985. Since then they have spread across southern USA, and as far up the East Coast as Maine. This species is an introduced species in Hawaii as well, but has been there since before 1896. Firestone tire This article is about pneumatic tires. ... Houston redirects here. ... This article is about the year. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956â€“present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic - President George W. Bush (R) - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... IT is a new species. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ...

This mosquito has become a significant pest in many communities because it closely associates with humans (rather than living in wetlands), and typically flies and feeds in the daytime rather than at night or at dusk and dawn. It is a container and puddle breeder, needing only a few ounces of water to breed. It has a short flight range (less than 200 m), so breeding sites are likely to be close to where this mosquito is found^[9].

Control

Efforts to curb the spread of West Nile virus have led many government agencies to initiate programs to spray for mosquito control. This mosquito is active in the daytime, especially just after dawn and just before dusk, and so is a likely culprit if people or pets are being bitten in the daytime. Most mosquito spraying done at night will have little effect on Asian tiger mosquitoes. (Daytime spraying may be a violation of label directions if foraging bees are present on blossoms in the application area.) Litter in Roadside Ditch Image copyleft: Image taken by me, released under GFDL Pollinator 03:34, Nov 9, 2004 (UTC) ( ) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Litter in Roadside Ditch Image copyleft: Image taken by me, released under GFDL Pollinator 03:34, Nov 9, 2004 (UTC) ( ) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... For other uses, see Western honey bee and Bee (disambiguation). ...

It is however, possible to find and deal with the breeding spots, which are never far from where people are being bitten, since this is a weak flyer, with only about a 200-yard lifetime flying radius. Locate puddles that last more than three days, sagging or plugged roof gutters, old tires holding water, litter, bird baths, kiddie pools, inlets to sewers and drainage systems holding stagnant water and any other possible containers or pools of standing water. Flowing water will not be a breeding spot and water that contains minnows is not usually a problem, because the fish eat the mosquito larvae. Dragonflies are also an excellent method of imposing control. Dragonfly larvae eat mosquito larvae in the water, and adults will snatch adult mosquitoes as they fly. Insecticide application that also kills dragonflies may actually cause only a brief suppression of mosquitoes, followed by a long term increase in populations. Look up minnow in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Fish (disambiguation). ... Larvae are the plural of larva, juvenile form of animals with indirect development. ... This article is about the insect. ... It has been suggested that ovicide be merged into this article or section. ...

Whenever possible, all sources of standing water, even if only a quarter cup, should be dumped every three days. Litter, especially containers in ditches, can hold water after the ditch dries up, and all litter should be cleaned up. Bird baths, wading pools, and any other containers that can hold rainwater should be emptied. Rain barrels used for irrigation, floor drains in stair and window wells, and other containers that cannot be dumped can be treated with a few drops of vegetable oil, which will suffocate mosquito larvae as they try to breathe at the surface. The International Tidy Man For other meanings of litter, see Litter (disambiguation). ... Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the soil usually for assisting in growing crops. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with cooking oil. ... In animal physiology, respiration is the transport of oxygen from the ambient air to the tissue cells and the transport of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. ...

Any standing water in pools, catchment basins, etc, that cannot be drained, dumped, or treated with a small quantity of vegetable oil, can be periodically treated with properly labeled insecticides or Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis often formed into doughnut shaped "mosquito dunks." The BTI disease organism only affects pest insects. While floating or tied to a small weight, they slowly release a long term biological mosquito larvicide killing the larvae young mosquitos before they hatch into adults reportedly without affecting fish, plants, people or wildlife. It is readily available at farm, garden, and pool suppliers. Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis, also known as Bti, is a biological control agent for larval mosquitoes. ... This article is about the medical term. ...

Footnotes

^ ^a ^b ^c Süddeutsche Zeitung: Tigermücke in Deutschland angekommen. Version of 2007-DEC-07. Retrieved 2008-APR-02.
^ Ohio State University: Asian Tiger Mosquito. Retrieved 2007-SEP-10.
^ New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry: Mosquito identification confirmed as Asian Tiger Mosquito. Version of 2007-MAR-06. Retrieved 2007-SEP-10.
^ BBC News: Mosquito virus arrives in Europe. Version of 2007-SEP-06. Retrieved 2007-SEP-06.
^ Die Welt: Asiatische Tigermücke erstmals nördlich der Alpen gefunden. Version of 2007-NOV-28. Retrieved 2008-APR-02.
^ Walker, K. (2007): Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes albopictus) Pest and Diseases Image Library. Updated on 22/12/2007 10:10:35 PM. Online: Pest and Diseases Image Library
^ CDC (2007)
^ ECDC (2007), Enserink (2007)
^ Nishida & Tenorio (1993)

The SÃ¼ddeutsche Zeitung is one of the largest German newspapers. ... The Ohio State University (OSU) is a coeducational public research university in the state of Ohio. ... The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (In MÄori, Te Manatu Ahuwhenua, Ngaherehere) is the state sector organisation of New Zealand which deals with matters relating to agriculture and forestry. ... BBC News is the department within the BBC responsible for the corporations news-gathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... Die Welt is a German national daily newspaper published by the Axel Springer company. ...

References

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia, is recognized as the leading United States agency for protecting the public health and safety of people. ... Science is the academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and is considered one of the worlds most prestigious scientific journals. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) is an agency of the European Union. ...

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