Kumamoto Prefecture is located in the center of Kyushu, the southernmost of the four major Japanese islands.
Aso (1592 m), an extensive active volcano, is in the east of Kumamoto Prefecture.
On February 11, 2005, the municipalities of Yabe and Seiwa from Kamimashiki District and Soyo from Aso District merged to form the new town of Yamato in Kamimashiki District.