The Association of Firearm and Tool Mark Examiners (AFTE), is a not-for-profit international organization dedicated to the advancement of firearm and tool mark identification, one of the forensic sciences. An assortment of modern hand-held firearms using fixed ammunition, including military assault rifles, a sporting shotgun (fourth from bottom), a tactical shotgun (third from bottom), and a sporting rifle (top). ...

Organization and Objectives of AFTE

AFTE is governed by a board of directors based on bylaws and a code of ethics. Elections for board members are held annually in conjunction with a training seminar. A Bylaw (sometimes also seen as By-Law or ByLaw) is a rule governing the internal management of an organization, such as a business corporation. ...

The official website of AFTE offers Association news, both member and guest forums, and member resources.

The primary objectives of the members of the Association include:

• The exchange of information and developments
• Standardization of theory, practice, and techniques
• Dissemination of information at annual training seminars through presentations involving the theory and practice of firearm and tool mark examination and its related subjects
• Publication of a journal covering the latest developments in firearm and tool mark examination

Membership in the Association is limited to persons "of integrity" with suitable education, training, and experience in the examination of firearms and/or tool marks. Membership levels include Provisional, Regular, Distinguished, and Emeritus. Those levels range from non-voting trainees through those whose superior effort had furthered the work and purposes of the organization. Honorary Membership may be conferred upon individuals in recognition of distinguished service to the Association or to the field of firearm and/or tool mark examination. Technical Advisor status is conferred to designated employees of manufacturers of [products used or encountered in the investigation of firearm or tool mark evidence, or specialists in closely related fields, whose area of expertise would be beneficial to the Association.

The AFTE Journal, the quarterly, peer-reviewed publication of the organization, contains scholarly articles, case reports, technical reports, and occasional reprints. Peer review (known as refereeing in some academic fields) is a scholarly process used in the publication of manuscripts and in the awarding of funding for research. ... Plato is credited with the inception of academia: the body of knowledge, its development and transmission across generations. ...

The bylaws of the Association establish several standing committees with provisions for special, ad hoc or temporary committees as necessary or desirable. Included are Advisory, Board of Admissions, bylaws, Certification, Editorial, Ethics, Historical, Research & Development, Scholarship, Standardization/Training, Technical Advisors, and Website Committees. Ad hoc is a Latin phrase which means for this [purpose]. It generally signifies a solution that has been tailored to a specific purpose, such as a tailor-made suit, a handcrafted network protocol, and specific-purpose equation and things like that. ...

AFTE administers a certification program to qualified members in any or all of three specific fields:

• Firearm Evidence Examination and Identification
• Tool Mark Evidence examination and Identification
• Gunshot Residue Evidence examination and Identification

Both written and practical examinations are required.

The Research and Development Assistantship provides funding for approved projects that will result in the development of or improvements to investigative methods or techniques that will enhance the quality of the discipline.

Firearm identification is sometimes incorrectly referred to as ballistics. Ballistics (gr. ...

AFTE History

Prior to 1969, police and civilian firearm and tool mark examiners had regularly met during annual meetings of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS) to discuss concerns specific to their field. In 1969, 35 examiners from the United States and Canada met at the Chicago Police Department Crime Laboratory and formed the Association of Firearm and Tool Mark Examiners (AFTE). The first official Association publication was AFTE Newsletter Number 1, May 15, 1969 (the title of the publication was changed in 1972 to the AFTE Journal). The American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS) is a professional society for people in all areas of forensics. ...

Each year since 1969, an Annual AFTE training seminar has been held at locations throughout the United States and Canada. The primary purpose of the annual seminars is to provide for the interchange of information as it relates to all aspects of the science of firearm and tool mark identification. In 1974, the 5th Anniversary training seminar in Washington, DC]], was attended by 87 individuals, representing three countries. The seminar in Milwaukee, WI, five years later was attended by 149 examiners from seven countries.

In 1980, AFTE published the AFTE Glossary. The Glossary consisted of definitions and illustrations related to the field of firearm and tool mark identification, commonly used abbreviations, various formulas for determining bullet energy and rate of spin, and useful chemical formulas. A second, more comprehensive edition was published in 1982, and a third edition of the Glossary was published in 1994. This edition featured material from the first two editions with additional definitions and illustrations; new appendices which included definitions for computer terminology, fingernail examinations (a tool mark in a biological matrix), knives, machining terms, gunshot wound terminology, and shooting scene reconstruction terminology. Look up glossary in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article discusses the anatomical nail. ... traditional Norse knife A knife is a sharp-edged hand tool used for cutting. ... This article refers to the punk band. ...

In 1982, AFTE published an official training manual to be used as a modular guide for the training of firearm and tool mark examiners.

In 1989, AFTE hosted its 20th Anniversary Annual training seminar in Virginia Beach, VA. Some 210 individuals representing 12 countries, attended the seminar, and in 1994, the training seminar in Indianapolis, IN, was attended by over 300 individuals from 21 countries. Virginia Beach is an independent city located in the South Hampton Roads area in the Commonwealth of Virginia, on the shores of the Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. ... The Indianapolis skyline Indianapolis is the capital of the U.S. state of Indiana. ...

The current membership of AFTE includes approximately 850 members, technical advisors, and subscribers that represent over 40 countries from around the world.

External links

• Association of Firearm and Tool Mark Examiners (AFTE)