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The Astor Expedition in 1810-1812 was the first overland expedition from St. Louis, Missouri to the mouth of the Columbia River at Astoria, Oregon after Lewis and Clark. Flag Seal Nickname: Gateway City, Gateway to the West, or Mound City Location Location in the state of Missouri Coordinates , Government Country State County United States Missouri Independent City Mayor Francis G. Slay (D) Geographical characteristics Area City 66. ...
Columbia River Gorge, Washington or North side The Columbia River (French: fleuve Columbia) is a river situated in British Columbia and the Pacific Northwest of the United States. ...
The Astoria Column Astoria. ...
The Lewis and Clark expedition (1804-1806) was the first American overland expedition to the Pacific coast and back. ...
The expedition is named for John Jacob Astor who financed it (but did not go on it) as he sought to extend the influence of the American Fur Company via its subsidiary the Pacific Fur Company to the Pacific Coast of the United States. Members of expedition have been called the Astorians. John Jacob Astor, detail of an oil painting by Gilbert Stuart, 1794 John Jacob (originally Johann Jakob) Astor (July 17, 1763 - March 29, 1848) was the first of the Astor family dynasty and the first millionaire in the United States, making his fortune in the fur trade and real estate...
The American Fur Company was founded by John Jacob Astor in 1808. ...
The Pacific Fur Company was founded by John Jacob Astor on June 23, 1810, as a subsidiary of his American Fur Company. ...
The ocean-based component of the expedition established the first United States permanent settlement on the Pacific Ocean near Astoria, Oregon at Fort Astoria at the mouth of the Columbia River. The overland component (and its members return) resulted in discoveries in Wyoming including the South Pass through the Rocky Mountains route via the Snake River through which hundreds of thousands of settlers were to follow along the Oregon, California and Mormon trails. The Astoria Column Astoria. ...
Fort Astoria was the Pacific Fur Companys primary fur trading post in the Northwest, and was the first permanent U.S. settlement on the Pacific coast. ...
Columbia River Gorge, Washington or North side The Columbia River (French: fleuve Columbia) is a river situated in British Columbia and the Pacific Northwest of the United States. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Cheyenne Largest city Cheyenne Area Ranked 10th - Total 97,872 sq. ...
South Pass, seen from the west looking eastward towards Pacific Springs South Pass (elevation 7550 ft) is a mountain pass on the Continental Divide in the Rocky Mountains in southwestern Wyoming. ...
White Goat Wilderness Area, Alberta, Canada View of the Rocky Mountains as depicted on the Colorado state quarter The Rocky Mountains, often called the Rockies, are a broad mountain range in western North America. ...
This article is about the Snake River in the northwestern United States. ...
The Ox Team or the Old Oregon Trail 1852-1906 by Ezra Meeker. ...
California Trail The California Trail was a major overland emigrant route across the American West from Missouri to California in the middle 19th century. ...
The Mormon Trail or Mormon Pioneer Trail is the 1,300 mile route that members of Latter Day Saint movement traveled from 1846-1857. ...
Although Astor's plan for establishing control of the Northwest established the first permanent United States settlement on the Pacific coast at Astoria, the accomplishment was short lived when the Americans sold out the fort in the face of guns from the RMS Raccoon during the War of 1812. Combatants United States United Kingdom Strength United States Regular army : 99,000 Volunteers: 10,000* Rangers: 3,000 Militia: 458,000** Naval and marine: 20,000 Indigenous peoples New York Iroquois: 600 Northwestern allies: ? Southern allies: ? United Kingdom Regular army: 10,000+ Naval and marine: ? Canadian militia: 86,000+** Indigenous...
Included in the expedion was British naturalist Thomas Nuttall who was to immortalize his experiences in the book The Genera of North American Plants in 1818 as well as an Manual of the Ornithology of the United States and of Canada in 1832. Thomas Nuttall (January 5, 1786 - September 10, 1859) was an English botanist and zoologist, who lived and worked in America from 1808 until 1842. ...
History
Founding of Astoria and The Tonquin massacre Main articles: Jonathan Thorn and Fort Astoria and Astoria, Oregon Jonathan Thorn (8 January 1779 – 15 June 1811) was an officer of the United States Navy in the 1800s. ...
Fort Astoria was the Pacific Fur Companys primary fur trading post in the Northwest, and was the first permanent U.S. settlement on the Pacific coast. ...
The Astoria Column Astoria. ...
Astor's plan for establishing a permanent outport in the Northwest involved land and sea.
The ship Tonquin commanded by Jonathan Thorn left New York on September 8, 1810, and arrived in April 12, 1811 to establish first American outpost on the Pacific at Fort Astoria modern day Astoria, Oregon which was near the Lewis and Clark Fort Clatsop 1805-1806 winter camp at the mouth of the Columbia River. Jonathan Thorn (8 January 1779 – 15 June 1811) was an officer of the United States Navy in the 1800s. ...
Fort Astoria was the Pacific Fur Companys primary fur trading post in the Northwest, and was the first permanent U.S. settlement on the Pacific coast. ...
The Astoria Column Astoria. ...
Fort Clatsop Re-created Fort Clatsop Fort Clatsop was the encampment of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in the Oregon Country near the mouth of the Columbia River during the winter of 1805-1806. ...
The Tonquin then sailed to Vancouver Island where the entire crew was killed and the ship blew up when attacked by the Salish. Vancouver Island is separated from mainland British Columbia by the Strait of Georgia and the Queen Charlotte Strait, and from Washington by the Juan De Fuca Strait. ...
The Coast Salish are a Salishan-speaking First Nations/Native American culture that inhabited an area centered in southwestern British Columbia in Canada and western Washington in the United States for several millennia up to the time of arrival of the Europeans in the 19th century. ...
Wilson Price Hunt's Expedition
Winter on Nodaway Island Wilson Price Hunt, a St. Louis businessman who had no outback experience led the overland trip the Columbia River.
Hunt made repeated tragic mistakes and miscalculations. But those mistakes were to lead to the expedition's (and its return) most famous discoveries.
Hunt took the unusual step of starting his expedition just before the winter as he left St. Louis on October 21, 1810. The expedition traveled 450 miles up the Missouri River before setting up winter camp on Nodaway Island at the mouth of Nodaway River in Andrew County, Missouri just north of St. Joseph, Missouri. Andrew County is a county located in the state of Missouri. ...
Saint Joseph (also known as St. ...
Hunt's expedition broke the Nodaway winter camp on April 21, 1811.
New route to the Northwest On May 26, 1811, Hunt decided not to follow the Lewis and Clark route up the Missouri but to attempt to overland in order to avoid an encounter with the Blackfeet (tribe).
However after having problems getting horses he was not able to leave the Arikara in North Dakota until mid-July. Hunt's members were to break up in several groups. Arikara refers to a group of Native Americans that spoke a Caddoan language. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Largest city Bismarck Fargo Area Ranked 19th - Total 70,762 sq mi (183,272 km²) - Width 210 miles (340 km) - Length 340 miles (545 km) - % water 2. ...
After reaching the Snake River, he abandoned his horse thinking it would be easy to float down the Snake to the Columbia. After losing a man in a capsized canoe they soon declared the route was unnavigable and were forced to set out on foot for Astoria arriving on February 15, 1812. Only 45 of the original 60 members of the expedition made it to Astoria. This article is about the Snake River in the northwestern United States. ...
Hunt left Astoria via ship on August 4, 1812. After the British took over Fort Astoria, several members of the expedition (including John Day headed back to St. Louis. In the process they discovered the South Pass. Fort Astoria was the Pacific Fur Companys primary fur trading post in the Northwest, and was the first permanent U.S. settlement on the Pacific coast. ...
There have been several well-known people called John Day: John Day (fl. ...
South Pass, seen from the west looking eastward towards Pacific Springs South Pass (elevation 7550 ft) is a mountain pass on the Continental Divide in the Rocky Mountains in southwestern Wyoming. ...
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